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Ashutosh Nayak 2024-09-01 19:01:36 +01:00 committed by GitHub
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4854 changed files with 1270076 additions and 33 deletions

2
.gitignore vendored
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@ -11,3 +11,5 @@ generated_cv*
.vscode
chrome_profile
answers.json
data_folder/
data_folder_example/

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JobApply/bin/Activate.ps1 Normal file
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<#
.Synopsis
Activate a Python virtual environment for the current PowerShell session.
.Description
Pushes the python executable for a virtual environment to the front of the
$Env:PATH environment variable and sets the prompt to signify that you are
in a Python virtual environment. Makes use of the command line switches as
well as the `pyvenv.cfg` file values present in the virtual environment.
.Parameter VenvDir
Path to the directory that contains the virtual environment to activate. The
default value for this is the parent of the directory that the Activate.ps1
script is located within.
.Parameter Prompt
The prompt prefix to display when this virtual environment is activated. By
default, this prompt is the name of the virtual environment folder (VenvDir)
surrounded by parentheses and followed by a single space (ie. '(.venv) ').
.Example
Activate.ps1
Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script.
.Example
Activate.ps1 -Verbose
Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
and shows extra information about the activation as it executes.
.Example
Activate.ps1 -VenvDir C:\Users\MyUser\Common\.venv
Activates the Python virtual environment located in the specified location.
.Example
Activate.ps1 -Prompt "MyPython"
Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
and prefixes the current prompt with the specified string (surrounded in
parentheses) while the virtual environment is active.
.Notes
On Windows, it may be required to enable this Activate.ps1 script by setting the
execution policy for the user. You can do this by issuing the following PowerShell
command:
PS C:\> Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
For more information on Execution Policies:
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170
#>
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
[String]
$VenvDir,
[Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
[String]
$Prompt
)
<# Function declarations --------------------------------------------------- #>
<#
.Synopsis
Remove all shell session elements added by the Activate script, including the
addition of the virtual environment's Python executable from the beginning of
the PATH variable.
.Parameter NonDestructive
If present, do not remove this function from the global namespace for the
session.
#>
function global:deactivate ([switch]$NonDestructive) {
# Revert to original values
# The prior prompt:
if (Test-Path -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT) {
Copy-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT -Destination Function:prompt
Remove-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
}
# The prior PYTHONHOME:
if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME) {
Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:PYTHONHOME
Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
}
# The prior PATH:
if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH) {
Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH -Destination Env:PATH
Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
}
# Just remove the VIRTUAL_ENV altogether:
if (Test-Path -Path Env:VIRTUAL_ENV) {
Remove-Item -Path env:VIRTUAL_ENV
}
# Just remove VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT altogether.
if (Test-Path -Path Env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT) {
Remove-Item -Path env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
}
# Just remove the _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX altogether:
if (Get-Variable -Name "_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
Remove-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Scope Global -Force
}
# Leave deactivate function in the global namespace if requested:
if (-not $NonDestructive) {
Remove-Item -Path function:deactivate
}
}
<#
.Description
Get-PyVenvConfig parses the values from the pyvenv.cfg file located in the
given folder, and returns them in a map.
For each line in the pyvenv.cfg file, if that line can be parsed into exactly
two strings separated by `=` (with any amount of whitespace surrounding the =)
then it is considered a `key = value` line. The left hand string is the key,
the right hand is the value.
If the value starts with a `'` or a `"` then the first and last character is
stripped from the value before being captured.
.Parameter ConfigDir
Path to the directory that contains the `pyvenv.cfg` file.
#>
function Get-PyVenvConfig(
[String]
$ConfigDir
) {
Write-Verbose "Given ConfigDir=$ConfigDir, obtain values in pyvenv.cfg"
# Ensure the file exists, and issue a warning if it doesn't (but still allow the function to continue).
$pyvenvConfigPath = Join-Path -Resolve -Path $ConfigDir -ChildPath 'pyvenv.cfg' -ErrorAction Continue
# An empty map will be returned if no config file is found.
$pyvenvConfig = @{ }
if ($pyvenvConfigPath) {
Write-Verbose "File exists, parse `key = value` lines"
$pyvenvConfigContent = Get-Content -Path $pyvenvConfigPath
$pyvenvConfigContent | ForEach-Object {
$keyval = $PSItem -split "\s*=\s*", 2
if ($keyval[0] -and $keyval[1]) {
$val = $keyval[1]
# Remove extraneous quotations around a string value.
if ("'""".Contains($val.Substring(0, 1))) {
$val = $val.Substring(1, $val.Length - 2)
}
$pyvenvConfig[$keyval[0]] = $val
Write-Verbose "Adding Key: '$($keyval[0])'='$val'"
}
}
}
return $pyvenvConfig
}
<# Begin Activate script --------------------------------------------------- #>
# Determine the containing directory of this script
$VenvExecPath = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition
$VenvExecDir = Get-Item -Path $VenvExecPath
Write-Verbose "Activation script is located in path: '$VenvExecPath'"
Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Fullname: '$($VenvExecDir.FullName)"
Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Name: '$($VenvExecDir.Name)"
# Set values required in priority: CmdLine, ConfigFile, Default
# First, get the location of the virtual environment, it might not be
# VenvExecDir if specified on the command line.
if ($VenvDir) {
Write-Verbose "VenvDir given as parameter, using '$VenvDir' to determine values"
}
else {
Write-Verbose "VenvDir not given as a parameter, using parent directory name as VenvDir."
$VenvDir = $VenvExecDir.Parent.FullName.TrimEnd("\\/")
Write-Verbose "VenvDir=$VenvDir"
}
# Next, read the `pyvenv.cfg` file to determine any required value such
# as `prompt`.
$pyvenvCfg = Get-PyVenvConfig -ConfigDir $VenvDir
# Next, set the prompt from the command line, or the config file, or
# just use the name of the virtual environment folder.
if ($Prompt) {
Write-Verbose "Prompt specified as argument, using '$Prompt'"
}
else {
Write-Verbose "Prompt not specified as argument to script, checking pyvenv.cfg value"
if ($pyvenvCfg -and $pyvenvCfg['prompt']) {
Write-Verbose " Setting based on value in pyvenv.cfg='$($pyvenvCfg['prompt'])'"
$Prompt = $pyvenvCfg['prompt'];
}
else {
Write-Verbose " Setting prompt based on parent's directory's name. (Is the directory name passed to venv module when creating the virtual environment)"
Write-Verbose " Got leaf-name of $VenvDir='$(Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf)'"
$Prompt = Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf
}
}
Write-Verbose "Prompt = '$Prompt'"
Write-Verbose "VenvDir='$VenvDir'"
# Deactivate any currently active virtual environment, but leave the
# deactivate function in place.
deactivate -nondestructive
# Now set the environment variable VIRTUAL_ENV, used by many tools to determine
# that there is an activated venv.
$env:VIRTUAL_ENV = $VenvDir
if (-not $Env:VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT) {
Write-Verbose "Setting prompt to '$Prompt'"
# Set the prompt to include the env name
# Make sure _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT is global
function global:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT { "" }
Copy-Item -Path function:prompt -Destination function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
New-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Description "Python virtual environment prompt prefix" -Scope Global -Option ReadOnly -Visibility Public -Value $Prompt
function global:prompt {
Write-Host -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green "($_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX) "
_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
}
$env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT = $Prompt
}
# Clear PYTHONHOME
if (Test-Path -Path Env:PYTHONHOME) {
Copy-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
Remove-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME
}
# Add the venv to the PATH
Copy-Item -Path Env:PATH -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
$Env:PATH = "$VenvExecDir$([System.IO.Path]::PathSeparator)$Env:PATH"

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JobApply/bin/activate Normal file
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# This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash*
# you cannot run it directly
deactivate () {
# reset old environment variables
if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" ] ; then
PATH="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}"
export PATH
unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
fi
if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
PYTHONHOME="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}"
export PYTHONHOME
unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
fi
# This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
# be called to get it to forget past commands. Without forgetting
# past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
hash -r 2> /dev/null
fi
if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" ] ; then
PS1="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}"
export PS1
unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1
fi
unset VIRTUAL_ENV
unset VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
if [ ! "${1:-}" = "nondestructive" ] ; then
# Self destruct!
unset -f deactivate
fi
}
# unset irrelevant variables
deactivate nondestructive
VIRTUAL_ENV="/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply"
export VIRTUAL_ENV
_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
export PATH
# unset PYTHONHOME if set
# this will fail if PYTHONHOME is set to the empty string (which is bad anyway)
# could use `if (set -u; : $PYTHONHOME) ;` in bash
if [ -n "${PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME="${PYTHONHOME:-}"
unset PYTHONHOME
fi
if [ -z "${VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT:-}" ] ; then
_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1="${PS1:-}"
PS1="(JobApply) ${PS1:-}"
export PS1
VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT="(JobApply) "
export VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
fi
# This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
# be called to get it to forget past commands. Without forgetting
# past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
hash -r 2> /dev/null
fi

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JobApply/bin/activate.csh Normal file
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# This file must be used with "source bin/activate.csh" *from csh*.
# You cannot run it directly.
# Created by Davide Di Blasi <davidedb@gmail.com>.
# Ported to Python 3.3 venv by Andrew Svetlov <andrew.svetlov@gmail.com>
alias deactivate 'test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH != 0 && setenv PATH "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH; rehash; test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT != 0 && set prompt="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT; unsetenv VIRTUAL_ENV; unsetenv VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT; test "\!:*" != "nondestructive" && unalias deactivate'
# Unset irrelevant variables.
deactivate nondestructive
setenv VIRTUAL_ENV "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply"
set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
setenv PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT="$prompt"
if (! "$?VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT") then
set prompt = "(JobApply) $prompt"
setenv VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT "(JobApply) "
endif
alias pydoc python -m pydoc
rehash

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# This file must be used with "source <venv>/bin/activate.fish" *from fish*
# (https://fishshell.com/); you cannot run it directly.
function deactivate -d "Exit virtual environment and return to normal shell environment"
# reset old environment variables
if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH"
set -gx PATH $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
end
if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME"
set -gx PYTHONHOME $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
end
if test -n "$_OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE"
set -e _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE
# prevents error when using nested fish instances (Issue #93858)
if functions -q _old_fish_prompt
functions -e fish_prompt
functions -c _old_fish_prompt fish_prompt
functions -e _old_fish_prompt
end
end
set -e VIRTUAL_ENV
set -e VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
if test "$argv[1]" != "nondestructive"
# Self-destruct!
functions -e deactivate
end
end
# Unset irrelevant variables.
deactivate nondestructive
set -gx VIRTUAL_ENV "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply"
set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH $PATH
set -gx PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin" $PATH
# Unset PYTHONHOME if set.
if set -q PYTHONHOME
set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME $PYTHONHOME
set -e PYTHONHOME
end
if test -z "$VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT"
# fish uses a function instead of an env var to generate the prompt.
# Save the current fish_prompt function as the function _old_fish_prompt.
functions -c fish_prompt _old_fish_prompt
# With the original prompt function renamed, we can override with our own.
function fish_prompt
# Save the return status of the last command.
set -l old_status $status
# Output the venv prompt; color taken from the blue of the Python logo.
printf "%s%s%s" (set_color 4B8BBE) "(JobApply) " (set_color normal)
# Restore the return status of the previous command.
echo "exit $old_status" | .
# Output the original/"old" prompt.
_old_fish_prompt
end
set -gx _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE "$VIRTUAL_ENV"
set -gx VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT "(JobApply) "
end

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JobApply/bin/chardetect Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from chardet.cli.chardetect import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/distro Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from distro.distro import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/dotenv Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from dotenv.__main__ import cli
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(cli())

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JobApply/bin/email_validator Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from email_validator.__main__ import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/f2py Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from numpy.f2py.f2py2e import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/httpx Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from httpx import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/jsondiff Executable file
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#!/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function
import sys
import json
import jsonpatch
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Diff two JSON files')
parser.add_argument('FILE1', type=argparse.FileType('r'))
parser.add_argument('FILE2', type=argparse.FileType('r'))
parser.add_argument('--indent', type=int, default=None,
help='Indent output by n spaces')
parser.add_argument('-u', '--preserve-unicode', action='store_true',
help='Output Unicode character as-is without using Code Point')
parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version',
version='%(prog)s ' + jsonpatch.__version__)
def main():
try:
diff_files()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit(1)
def diff_files():
""" Diffs two JSON files and prints a patch """
args = parser.parse_args()
doc1 = json.load(args.FILE1)
doc2 = json.load(args.FILE2)
patch = jsonpatch.make_patch(doc1, doc2)
if patch.patch:
print(json.dumps(patch.patch, indent=args.indent, ensure_ascii=not(args.preserve_unicode)))
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

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JobApply/bin/jsonpatch Executable file
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#!/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os.path
import json
import jsonpatch
import tempfile
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='Apply a JSON patch on a JSON file')
parser.add_argument('ORIGINAL', type=argparse.FileType('r'),
help='Original file')
parser.add_argument('PATCH', type=argparse.FileType('r'),
nargs='?', default=sys.stdin,
help='Patch file (read from stdin if omitted)')
parser.add_argument('--indent', type=int, default=None,
help='Indent output by n spaces')
parser.add_argument('-b', '--backup', action='store_true',
help='Back up ORIGINAL if modifying in-place')
parser.add_argument('-i', '--in-place', action='store_true',
help='Modify ORIGINAL in-place instead of to stdout')
parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version',
version='%(prog)s ' + jsonpatch.__version__)
parser.add_argument('-u', '--preserve-unicode', action='store_true',
help='Output Unicode character as-is without using Code Point')
def main():
try:
patch_files()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit(1)
def patch_files():
""" Diffs two JSON files and prints a patch """
args = parser.parse_args()
doc = json.load(args.ORIGINAL)
patch = json.load(args.PATCH)
result = jsonpatch.apply_patch(doc, patch)
if args.in_place:
dirname = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(args.ORIGINAL.name))
try:
# Attempt to replace the file atomically. We do this by
# creating a temporary file in the same directory as the
# original file so we can atomically move the new file over
# the original later. (This is done in the same directory
# because atomic renames do not work across mount points.)
fd, pathname = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=dirname)
fp = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
atomic = True
except OSError:
# We failed to create the temporary file for an atomic
# replace, so fall back to non-atomic mode by backing up
# the original (if desired) and writing a new file.
if args.backup:
os.rename(args.ORIGINAL.name, args.ORIGINAL.name + '.orig')
fp = open(args.ORIGINAL.name, 'w')
atomic = False
else:
# Since we're not replacing the original file in-place, write
# the modified JSON to stdout instead.
fp = sys.stdout
# By this point we have some sort of file object we can write the
# modified JSON to.
json.dump(result, fp, indent=args.indent, ensure_ascii=not(args.preserve_unicode))
fp.write('\n')
if args.in_place:
# Close the new file. If we aren't replacing atomically, this
# is our last step, since everything else is already in place.
fp.close()
if atomic:
try:
# Complete the atomic replace by linking the original
# to a backup (if desired), fixing up the permissions
# on the temporary file, and moving it into place.
if args.backup:
os.link(args.ORIGINAL.name, args.ORIGINAL.name + '.orig')
os.chmod(pathname, os.stat(args.ORIGINAL.name).st_mode)
os.rename(pathname, args.ORIGINAL.name)
except OSError:
# In the event we could not actually do the atomic
# replace, unlink the original to move it out of the
# way and finally move the temporary file into place.
os.unlink(args.ORIGINAL.name)
os.rename(pathname, args.ORIGINAL.name)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

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JobApply/bin/jsonpointer Executable file
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#!/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import argparse
import json
import sys
import jsonpointer
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='Resolve a JSON pointer on JSON files')
# Accept pointer as argument or as file
ptr_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
ptr_group.add_argument('-f', '--pointer-file', type=argparse.FileType('r'),
nargs='?',
help='File containing a JSON pointer expression')
ptr_group.add_argument('POINTER', type=str, nargs='?',
help='A JSON pointer expression')
parser.add_argument('FILE', type=argparse.FileType('r'), nargs='+',
help='Files for which the pointer should be resolved')
parser.add_argument('--indent', type=int, default=None,
help='Indent output by n spaces')
parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version',
version='%(prog)s ' + jsonpointer.__version__)
def main():
try:
resolve_files()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit(1)
def parse_pointer(args):
if args.POINTER:
ptr = args.POINTER
elif args.pointer_file:
ptr = args.pointer_file.read().strip()
else:
parser.print_usage()
sys.exit(1)
return ptr
def resolve_files():
""" Resolve a JSON pointer on JSON files """
args = parser.parse_args()
ptr = parse_pointer(args)
for f in args.FILE:
doc = json.load(f)
try:
result = jsonpointer.resolve_pointer(doc, ptr)
print(json.dumps(result, indent=args.indent))
except jsonpointer.JsonPointerException as e:
print('Could not resolve pointer: %s' % str(e), file=sys.stderr)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

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JobApply/bin/langchain-server Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from langchain.server import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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JobApply/bin/langsmith Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from langsmith.cli.main import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

10
JobApply/bin/normalizer Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from charset_normalizer.cli import cli_detect
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(cli_detect())

10
JobApply/bin/openai Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from openai.cli import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

10
JobApply/bin/pip Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip._internal.cli.main import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

10
JobApply/bin/pip3 Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip._internal.cli.main import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

10
JobApply/bin/pip3.10 Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip._internal.cli.main import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

1
JobApply/bin/python Symbolic link
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
python3

1
JobApply/bin/python3 Symbolic link
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
/Users/ashutoshnayak/anaconda3/bin/python3

1
JobApply/bin/python3.10 Symbolic link
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
python3

10
JobApply/bin/tqdm Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/sh
'''exec' "/Users/ashutoshnayak/Learning and Work/linkedIn_auto_jobs_applier_with_AI/JobApply/bin/python3" "$0" "$@"
' '''
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from tqdm.cli import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())

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/* -*- indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 4; -*- */
/* Greenlet object interface */
#ifndef Py_GREENLETOBJECT_H
#define Py_GREENLETOBJECT_H
#include <Python.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* This is deprecated and undocumented. It does not change. */
#define GREENLET_VERSION "1.0.0"
#ifndef GREENLET_MODULE
#define implementation_ptr_t void*
#endif
typedef struct _greenlet {
PyObject_HEAD
PyObject* weakreflist;
PyObject* dict;
implementation_ptr_t pimpl;
} PyGreenlet;
#define PyGreenlet_Check(op) (op && PyObject_TypeCheck(op, &PyGreenlet_Type))
/* C API functions */
/* Total number of symbols that are exported */
#define PyGreenlet_API_pointers 12
#define PyGreenlet_Type_NUM 0
#define PyExc_GreenletError_NUM 1
#define PyExc_GreenletExit_NUM 2
#define PyGreenlet_New_NUM 3
#define PyGreenlet_GetCurrent_NUM 4
#define PyGreenlet_Throw_NUM 5
#define PyGreenlet_Switch_NUM 6
#define PyGreenlet_SetParent_NUM 7
#define PyGreenlet_MAIN_NUM 8
#define PyGreenlet_STARTED_NUM 9
#define PyGreenlet_ACTIVE_NUM 10
#define PyGreenlet_GET_PARENT_NUM 11
#ifndef GREENLET_MODULE
/* This section is used by modules that uses the greenlet C API */
static void** _PyGreenlet_API = NULL;
# define PyGreenlet_Type \
(*(PyTypeObject*)_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_Type_NUM])
# define PyExc_GreenletError \
((PyObject*)_PyGreenlet_API[PyExc_GreenletError_NUM])
# define PyExc_GreenletExit \
((PyObject*)_PyGreenlet_API[PyExc_GreenletExit_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_New(PyObject *args)
*
* greenlet.greenlet(run, parent=None)
*/
# define PyGreenlet_New \
(*(PyGreenlet * (*)(PyObject * run, PyGreenlet * parent)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_New_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_GetCurrent(void)
*
* greenlet.getcurrent()
*/
# define PyGreenlet_GetCurrent \
(*(PyGreenlet * (*)(void)) _PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_GetCurrent_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_Throw(
* PyGreenlet *greenlet,
* PyObject *typ,
* PyObject *val,
* PyObject *tb)
*
* g.throw(...)
*/
# define PyGreenlet_Throw \
(*(PyObject * (*)(PyGreenlet * self, \
PyObject * typ, \
PyObject * val, \
PyObject * tb)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_Throw_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_Switch(PyGreenlet *greenlet, PyObject *args)
*
* g.switch(*args, **kwargs)
*/
# define PyGreenlet_Switch \
(*(PyObject * \
(*)(PyGreenlet * greenlet, PyObject * args, PyObject * kwargs)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_Switch_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_SetParent(PyObject *greenlet, PyObject *new_parent)
*
* g.parent = new_parent
*/
# define PyGreenlet_SetParent \
(*(int (*)(PyGreenlet * greenlet, PyGreenlet * nparent)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_SetParent_NUM])
/*
* PyGreenlet_GetParent(PyObject* greenlet)
*
* return greenlet.parent;
*
* This could return NULL even if there is no exception active.
* If it does not return NULL, you are responsible for decrementing the
* reference count.
*/
# define PyGreenlet_GetParent \
(*(PyGreenlet* (*)(PyGreenlet*)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_GET_PARENT_NUM])
/*
* deprecated, undocumented alias.
*/
# define PyGreenlet_GET_PARENT PyGreenlet_GetParent
# define PyGreenlet_MAIN \
(*(int (*)(PyGreenlet*)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_MAIN_NUM])
# define PyGreenlet_STARTED \
(*(int (*)(PyGreenlet*)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_STARTED_NUM])
# define PyGreenlet_ACTIVE \
(*(int (*)(PyGreenlet*)) \
_PyGreenlet_API[PyGreenlet_ACTIVE_NUM])
/* Macro that imports greenlet and initializes C API */
/* NOTE: This has actually moved to ``greenlet._greenlet._C_API``, but we
keep the older definition to be sure older code that might have a copy of
the header still works. */
# define PyGreenlet_Import() \
{ \
_PyGreenlet_API = (void**)PyCapsule_Import("greenlet._C_API", 0); \
}
#endif /* GREENLET_MODULE */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* !Py_GREENLETOBJECT_H */

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@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: Levenshtein
Version: 0.25.1
Summary: Python extension for computing string edit distances and similarities.
Home-page: https://github.com/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein
Author: Max Bachmann
Author-email: pypi@maxbachmann.de
License: GPL
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v2 or later (GPLv2+)
Requires-Python: >=3.8
Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
License-File: COPYING
Requires-Dist: rapidfuzz <4.0.0,>=3.8.0
# Levenshtein
<p>
<a href="https://github.com/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein/actions">
<img src="https://github.com/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein/workflows/Build/badge.svg"
alt="Continuous Integration">
</a>
<a href="https://pypi.org/project/levenshtein/">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/levenshtein"
alt="PyPI package version">
</a>
<a href="https://www.python.org">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/levenshtein"
alt="Python versions">
</a>
<a href="https://rapidfuzz.github.io/Levenshtein">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/-documentation-blue"
alt="Documentation">
</a>
<a href="https://github.com/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein/blob/main/COPYING">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein"
alt="GitHub license">
</a>
</p>
## Introduction
The Levenshtein Python C extension module contains functions for fast
computation of:
* Levenshtein (edit) distance, and edit operations
* string similarity
* approximate median strings, and generally string averaging
* string sequence and set similarity
## Requirements
* Python 3.8 or later
## Installation
```bash
pip install levenshtein
```
## Documentation
The documentation for the current version can be found at [https://rapidfuzz.github.io/Levenshtein/](https://rapidfuzz.github.io/Levenshtein/)
## Support the project
If you are using Levenshtein for your work and feel like giving a bit of your own benefit back to support the project, consider sending us money through GitHub Sponsors or PayPal that we can use to buy us free time for the maintenance of this great library, to fix bugs in the software, review and integrate code contributions, to improve its features and documentation, or to just take a deep breath and have a cup of tea every once in a while. Thank you for your support.
Support the project through [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/maxbachmann) or via [PayPal](https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=VGWQBBD5CTWJU):
[![](https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donateCC_LG.gif)](https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=VGWQBBD5CTWJU).
## License
Levenshtein is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
any later version.
See the file [COPYING](https://github.com/rapidfuzz/Levenshtein/blob/main/COPYING) for the full text of GNU General Public License version 2.

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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
Levenshtein-0.25.1.dist-info/COPYING,sha256=GsTA4NwEjHfg0vDxz0dEifxVtAem86QBgE2ZJAxfbTc,18080
Levenshtein-0.25.1.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
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Wheel-Version: 1.0
Generator: skbuild 0.17.6
Root-Is-Purelib: false
Tag: cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64

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from __future__ import annotations
from warnings import warn
from Levenshtein import distance, editops, matching_blocks, opcodes, ratio
class StringMatcher:
"""A SequenceMatcher-like class built on the top of Levenshtein"""
def _reset_cache(self):
self._ratio = self._distance = None
self._opcodes = self._editops = self._matching_blocks = None
def __init__(self, isjunk=None, seq1="", seq2="", autojunk=False):
if isjunk:
warn("isjunk NOT implemented, it will be ignored", stacklevel=1)
if autojunk:
warn("autojunk NOT implemented, it will be ignored", stacklevel=1)
self._str1, self._str2 = seq1, seq2
self._reset_cache()
def set_seqs(self, seq1, seq2):
self._str1, self._str2 = seq1, seq2
self._reset_cache()
def set_seq1(self, seq1):
self._str1 = seq1
self._reset_cache()
def set_seq2(self, seq2):
self._str2 = seq2
self._reset_cache()
def get_opcodes(self):
if not self._opcodes:
if self._editops:
self._opcodes = opcodes(self._editops, self._str1, self._str2)
else:
self._opcodes = opcodes(self._str1, self._str2)
return self._opcodes
def get_editops(self):
if not self._editops:
if self._opcodes:
self._editops = editops(self._opcodes, self._str1, self._str2)
else:
self._editops = editops(self._str1, self._str2)
return self._editops
def get_matching_blocks(self):
if not self._matching_blocks:
self._matching_blocks = matching_blocks(self.get_opcodes(), self._str1, self._str2)
return self._matching_blocks
def ratio(self):
if not self._ratio:
self._ratio = ratio(self._str1, self._str2)
return self._ratio
def quick_ratio(self):
# This is usually quick enough :o)
if not self._ratio:
self._ratio = ratio(self._str1, self._str2)
return self._ratio
def real_quick_ratio(self):
len1, len2 = len(self._str1), len(self._str2)
return 2.0 * min(len1, len2) / (len1 + len2)
def distance(self):
if not self._distance:
self._distance = distance(self._str1, self._str2)
return self._distance

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# bitmap distribution font (bdf) file parser
#
# history:
# 1996-05-16 fl created (as bdf2pil)
# 1997-08-25 fl converted to FontFile driver
# 2001-05-25 fl removed bogus __init__ call
# 2002-11-20 fl robustification (from Kevin Cazabon, Dmitry Vasiliev)
# 2003-04-22 fl more robustification (from Graham Dumpleton)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
Parse X Bitmap Distribution Format (BDF)
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import BinaryIO
from . import FontFile, Image
bdf_slant = {
"R": "Roman",
"I": "Italic",
"O": "Oblique",
"RI": "Reverse Italic",
"RO": "Reverse Oblique",
"OT": "Other",
}
bdf_spacing = {"P": "Proportional", "M": "Monospaced", "C": "Cell"}
def bdf_char(
f: BinaryIO,
) -> (
tuple[
str,
int,
tuple[tuple[int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int]],
Image.Image,
]
| None
):
# skip to STARTCHAR
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s:
return None
if s[:9] == b"STARTCHAR":
break
id = s[9:].strip().decode("ascii")
# load symbol properties
props = {}
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s or s[:6] == b"BITMAP":
break
i = s.find(b" ")
props[s[:i].decode("ascii")] = s[i + 1 : -1].decode("ascii")
# load bitmap
bitmap = bytearray()
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s or s[:7] == b"ENDCHAR":
break
bitmap += s[:-1]
# The word BBX
# followed by the width in x (BBw), height in y (BBh),
# and x and y displacement (BBxoff0, BByoff0)
# of the lower left corner from the origin of the character.
width, height, x_disp, y_disp = (int(p) for p in props["BBX"].split())
# The word DWIDTH
# followed by the width in x and y of the character in device pixels.
dwx, dwy = (int(p) for p in props["DWIDTH"].split())
bbox = (
(dwx, dwy),
(x_disp, -y_disp - height, width + x_disp, -y_disp),
(0, 0, width, height),
)
try:
im = Image.frombytes("1", (width, height), bitmap, "hex", "1")
except ValueError:
# deal with zero-width characters
im = Image.new("1", (width, height))
return id, int(props["ENCODING"]), bbox, im
class BdfFontFile(FontFile.FontFile):
"""Font file plugin for the X11 BDF format."""
def __init__(self, fp: BinaryIO) -> None:
super().__init__()
s = fp.readline()
if s[:13] != b"STARTFONT 2.1":
msg = "not a valid BDF file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
props = {}
comments = []
while True:
s = fp.readline()
if not s or s[:13] == b"ENDPROPERTIES":
break
i = s.find(b" ")
props[s[:i].decode("ascii")] = s[i + 1 : -1].decode("ascii")
if s[:i] in [b"COMMENT", b"COPYRIGHT"]:
if s.find(b"LogicalFontDescription") < 0:
comments.append(s[i + 1 : -1].decode("ascii"))
while True:
c = bdf_char(fp)
if not c:
break
id, ch, (xy, dst, src), im = c
if 0 <= ch < len(self.glyph):
self.glyph[ch] = xy, dst, src, im

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"""
Blizzard Mipmap Format (.blp)
Jerome Leclanche <jerome@leclan.ch>
The contents of this file are hereby released in the public domain (CC0)
Full text of the CC0 license:
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
BLP1 files, used mostly in Warcraft III, are not fully supported.
All types of BLP2 files used in World of Warcraft are supported.
The BLP file structure consists of a header, up to 16 mipmaps of the
texture
Texture sizes must be powers of two, though the two dimensions do
not have to be equal; 512x256 is valid, but 512x200 is not.
The first mipmap (mipmap #0) is the full size image; each subsequent
mipmap halves both dimensions. The final mipmap should be 1x1.
BLP files come in many different flavours:
* JPEG-compressed (type == 0) - only supported for BLP1.
* RAW images (type == 1, encoding == 1). Each mipmap is stored as an
array of 8-bit values, one per pixel, left to right, top to bottom.
Each value is an index to the palette.
* DXT-compressed (type == 1, encoding == 2):
- DXT1 compression is used if alpha_encoding == 0.
- An additional alpha bit is used if alpha_depth == 1.
- DXT3 compression is used if alpha_encoding == 1.
- DXT5 compression is used if alpha_encoding == 7.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import abc
import os
import struct
from enum import IntEnum
from io import BytesIO
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile
class Format(IntEnum):
JPEG = 0
class Encoding(IntEnum):
UNCOMPRESSED = 1
DXT = 2
UNCOMPRESSED_RAW_BGRA = 3
class AlphaEncoding(IntEnum):
DXT1 = 0
DXT3 = 1
DXT5 = 7
def unpack_565(i: int) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
return ((i >> 11) & 0x1F) << 3, ((i >> 5) & 0x3F) << 2, (i & 0x1F) << 3
def decode_dxt1(
data: bytes, alpha: bool = False
) -> tuple[bytearray, bytearray, bytearray, bytearray]:
"""
input: one "row" of data (i.e. will produce 4*width pixels)
"""
blocks = len(data) // 8 # number of blocks in row
ret = (bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray())
for block_index in range(blocks):
# Decode next 8-byte block.
idx = block_index * 8
color0, color1, bits = struct.unpack_from("<HHI", data, idx)
r0, g0, b0 = unpack_565(color0)
r1, g1, b1 = unpack_565(color1)
# Decode this block into 4x4 pixels
# Accumulate the results onto our 4 row accumulators
for j in range(4):
for i in range(4):
# get next control op and generate a pixel
control = bits & 3
bits = bits >> 2
a = 0xFF
if control == 0:
r, g, b = r0, g0, b0
elif control == 1:
r, g, b = r1, g1, b1
elif control == 2:
if color0 > color1:
r = (2 * r0 + r1) // 3
g = (2 * g0 + g1) // 3
b = (2 * b0 + b1) // 3
else:
r = (r0 + r1) // 2
g = (g0 + g1) // 2
b = (b0 + b1) // 2
elif control == 3:
if color0 > color1:
r = (2 * r1 + r0) // 3
g = (2 * g1 + g0) // 3
b = (2 * b1 + b0) // 3
else:
r, g, b, a = 0, 0, 0, 0
if alpha:
ret[j].extend([r, g, b, a])
else:
ret[j].extend([r, g, b])
return ret
def decode_dxt3(data: bytes) -> tuple[bytearray, bytearray, bytearray, bytearray]:
"""
input: one "row" of data (i.e. will produce 4*width pixels)
"""
blocks = len(data) // 16 # number of blocks in row
ret = (bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray())
for block_index in range(blocks):
idx = block_index * 16
block = data[idx : idx + 16]
# Decode next 16-byte block.
bits = struct.unpack_from("<8B", block)
color0, color1 = struct.unpack_from("<HH", block, 8)
(code,) = struct.unpack_from("<I", block, 12)
r0, g0, b0 = unpack_565(color0)
r1, g1, b1 = unpack_565(color1)
for j in range(4):
high = False # Do we want the higher bits?
for i in range(4):
alphacode_index = (4 * j + i) // 2
a = bits[alphacode_index]
if high:
high = False
a >>= 4
else:
high = True
a &= 0xF
a *= 17 # We get a value between 0 and 15
color_code = (code >> 2 * (4 * j + i)) & 0x03
if color_code == 0:
r, g, b = r0, g0, b0
elif color_code == 1:
r, g, b = r1, g1, b1
elif color_code == 2:
r = (2 * r0 + r1) // 3
g = (2 * g0 + g1) // 3
b = (2 * b0 + b1) // 3
elif color_code == 3:
r = (2 * r1 + r0) // 3
g = (2 * g1 + g0) // 3
b = (2 * b1 + b0) // 3
ret[j].extend([r, g, b, a])
return ret
def decode_dxt5(data: bytes) -> tuple[bytearray, bytearray, bytearray, bytearray]:
"""
input: one "row" of data (i.e. will produce 4 * width pixels)
"""
blocks = len(data) // 16 # number of blocks in row
ret = (bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray(), bytearray())
for block_index in range(blocks):
idx = block_index * 16
block = data[idx : idx + 16]
# Decode next 16-byte block.
a0, a1 = struct.unpack_from("<BB", block)
bits = struct.unpack_from("<6B", block, 2)
alphacode1 = bits[2] | (bits[3] << 8) | (bits[4] << 16) | (bits[5] << 24)
alphacode2 = bits[0] | (bits[1] << 8)
color0, color1 = struct.unpack_from("<HH", block, 8)
(code,) = struct.unpack_from("<I", block, 12)
r0, g0, b0 = unpack_565(color0)
r1, g1, b1 = unpack_565(color1)
for j in range(4):
for i in range(4):
# get next control op and generate a pixel
alphacode_index = 3 * (4 * j + i)
if alphacode_index <= 12:
alphacode = (alphacode2 >> alphacode_index) & 0x07
elif alphacode_index == 15:
alphacode = (alphacode2 >> 15) | ((alphacode1 << 1) & 0x06)
else: # alphacode_index >= 18 and alphacode_index <= 45
alphacode = (alphacode1 >> (alphacode_index - 16)) & 0x07
if alphacode == 0:
a = a0
elif alphacode == 1:
a = a1
elif a0 > a1:
a = ((8 - alphacode) * a0 + (alphacode - 1) * a1) // 7
elif alphacode == 6:
a = 0
elif alphacode == 7:
a = 255
else:
a = ((6 - alphacode) * a0 + (alphacode - 1) * a1) // 5
color_code = (code >> 2 * (4 * j + i)) & 0x03
if color_code == 0:
r, g, b = r0, g0, b0
elif color_code == 1:
r, g, b = r1, g1, b1
elif color_code == 2:
r = (2 * r0 + r1) // 3
g = (2 * g0 + g1) // 3
b = (2 * b0 + b1) // 3
elif color_code == 3:
r = (2 * r1 + r0) // 3
g = (2 * g1 + g0) // 3
b = (2 * b1 + b0) // 3
ret[j].extend([r, g, b, a])
return ret
class BLPFormatError(NotImplementedError):
pass
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] in (b"BLP1", b"BLP2")
class BlpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
Blizzard Mipmap Format
"""
format = "BLP"
format_description = "Blizzard Mipmap Format"
def _open(self) -> None:
self.magic = self.fp.read(4)
self.fp.seek(5, os.SEEK_CUR)
(self._blp_alpha_depth,) = struct.unpack("<b", self.fp.read(1))
self.fp.seek(2, os.SEEK_CUR)
self._size = struct.unpack("<II", self.fp.read(8))
if self.magic in (b"BLP1", b"BLP2"):
decoder = self.magic.decode()
else:
msg = f"Bad BLP magic {repr(self.magic)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
self._mode = "RGBA" if self._blp_alpha_depth else "RGB"
self.tile = [(decoder, (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
class _BLPBaseDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
_pulls_fd = True
def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
try:
self._read_blp_header()
self._load()
except struct.error as e:
msg = "Truncated BLP file"
raise OSError(msg) from e
return -1, 0
@abc.abstractmethod
def _load(self) -> None:
pass
def _read_blp_header(self) -> None:
assert self.fd is not None
self.fd.seek(4)
(self._blp_compression,) = struct.unpack("<i", self._safe_read(4))
(self._blp_encoding,) = struct.unpack("<b", self._safe_read(1))
(self._blp_alpha_depth,) = struct.unpack("<b", self._safe_read(1))
(self._blp_alpha_encoding,) = struct.unpack("<b", self._safe_read(1))
self.fd.seek(1, os.SEEK_CUR) # mips
self.size = struct.unpack("<II", self._safe_read(8))
if isinstance(self, BLP1Decoder):
# Only present for BLP1
(self._blp_encoding,) = struct.unpack("<i", self._safe_read(4))
self.fd.seek(4, os.SEEK_CUR) # subtype
self._blp_offsets = struct.unpack("<16I", self._safe_read(16 * 4))
self._blp_lengths = struct.unpack("<16I", self._safe_read(16 * 4))
def _safe_read(self, length: int) -> bytes:
return ImageFile._safe_read(self.fd, length)
def _read_palette(self) -> list[tuple[int, int, int, int]]:
ret = []
for i in range(256):
try:
b, g, r, a = struct.unpack("<4B", self._safe_read(4))
except struct.error:
break
ret.append((b, g, r, a))
return ret
def _read_bgra(self, palette: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]]) -> bytearray:
data = bytearray()
_data = BytesIO(self._safe_read(self._blp_lengths[0]))
while True:
try:
(offset,) = struct.unpack("<B", _data.read(1))
except struct.error:
break
b, g, r, a = palette[offset]
d: tuple[int, ...] = (r, g, b)
if self._blp_alpha_depth:
d += (a,)
data.extend(d)
return data
class BLP1Decoder(_BLPBaseDecoder):
def _load(self) -> None:
if self._blp_compression == Format.JPEG:
self._decode_jpeg_stream()
elif self._blp_compression == 1:
if self._blp_encoding in (4, 5):
palette = self._read_palette()
data = self._read_bgra(palette)
self.set_as_raw(data)
else:
msg = f"Unsupported BLP encoding {repr(self._blp_encoding)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
else:
msg = f"Unsupported BLP compression {repr(self._blp_encoding)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
def _decode_jpeg_stream(self) -> None:
from .JpegImagePlugin import JpegImageFile
(jpeg_header_size,) = struct.unpack("<I", self._safe_read(4))
jpeg_header = self._safe_read(jpeg_header_size)
assert self.fd is not None
self._safe_read(self._blp_offsets[0] - self.fd.tell()) # What IS this?
data = self._safe_read(self._blp_lengths[0])
data = jpeg_header + data
image = JpegImageFile(BytesIO(data))
Image._decompression_bomb_check(image.size)
if image.mode == "CMYK":
decoder_name, extents, offset, args = image.tile[0]
image.tile = [(decoder_name, extents, offset, (args[0], "CMYK"))]
r, g, b = image.convert("RGB").split()
reversed_image = Image.merge("RGB", (b, g, r))
self.set_as_raw(reversed_image.tobytes())
class BLP2Decoder(_BLPBaseDecoder):
def _load(self) -> None:
palette = self._read_palette()
assert self.fd is not None
self.fd.seek(self._blp_offsets[0])
if self._blp_compression == 1:
# Uncompressed or DirectX compression
if self._blp_encoding == Encoding.UNCOMPRESSED:
data = self._read_bgra(palette)
elif self._blp_encoding == Encoding.DXT:
data = bytearray()
if self._blp_alpha_encoding == AlphaEncoding.DXT1:
linesize = (self.size[0] + 3) // 4 * 8
for yb in range((self.size[1] + 3) // 4):
for d in decode_dxt1(
self._safe_read(linesize), alpha=bool(self._blp_alpha_depth)
):
data += d
elif self._blp_alpha_encoding == AlphaEncoding.DXT3:
linesize = (self.size[0] + 3) // 4 * 16
for yb in range((self.size[1] + 3) // 4):
for d in decode_dxt3(self._safe_read(linesize)):
data += d
elif self._blp_alpha_encoding == AlphaEncoding.DXT5:
linesize = (self.size[0] + 3) // 4 * 16
for yb in range((self.size[1] + 3) // 4):
for d in decode_dxt5(self._safe_read(linesize)):
data += d
else:
msg = f"Unsupported alpha encoding {repr(self._blp_alpha_encoding)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
else:
msg = f"Unknown BLP encoding {repr(self._blp_encoding)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
else:
msg = f"Unknown BLP compression {repr(self._blp_compression)}"
raise BLPFormatError(msg)
self.set_as_raw(data)
class BLPEncoder(ImageFile.PyEncoder):
_pushes_fd = True
def _write_palette(self) -> bytes:
data = b""
assert self.im is not None
palette = self.im.getpalette("RGBA", "RGBA")
for i in range(len(palette) // 4):
r, g, b, a = palette[i * 4 : (i + 1) * 4]
data += struct.pack("<4B", b, g, r, a)
while len(data) < 256 * 4:
data += b"\x00" * 4
return data
def encode(self, bufsize: int) -> tuple[int, int, bytes]:
palette_data = self._write_palette()
offset = 20 + 16 * 4 * 2 + len(palette_data)
data = struct.pack("<16I", offset, *((0,) * 15))
assert self.im is not None
w, h = self.im.size
data += struct.pack("<16I", w * h, *((0,) * 15))
data += palette_data
for y in range(h):
for x in range(w):
data += struct.pack("<B", self.im.getpixel((x, y)))
return len(data), 0, data
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
if im.mode != "P":
msg = "Unsupported BLP image mode"
raise ValueError(msg)
magic = b"BLP1" if im.encoderinfo.get("blp_version") == "BLP1" else b"BLP2"
fp.write(magic)
fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 1)) # Uncompressed or DirectX compression
fp.write(struct.pack("<b", Encoding.UNCOMPRESSED))
fp.write(struct.pack("<b", 1 if im.palette.mode == "RGBA" else 0))
fp.write(struct.pack("<b", 0)) # alpha encoding
fp.write(struct.pack("<b", 0)) # mips
fp.write(struct.pack("<II", *im.size))
if magic == b"BLP1":
fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 5))
fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 0))
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("BLP", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, im.mode)])
Image.register_open(BlpImageFile.format, BlpImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(BlpImageFile.format, ".blp")
Image.register_decoder("BLP1", BLP1Decoder)
Image.register_decoder("BLP2", BLP2Decoder)
Image.register_save(BlpImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_encoder("BLP", BLPEncoder)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# BMP file handler
#
# Windows (and OS/2) native bitmap storage format.
#
# history:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-04-30 fl Added save
# 1997-08-27 fl Fixed save of 1-bit images
# 1998-03-06 fl Load P images as L where possible
# 1998-07-03 fl Load P images as 1 where possible
# 1998-12-29 fl Handle small palettes
# 2002-12-30 fl Fixed load of 1-bit palette images
# 2003-04-21 fl Fixed load of 1-bit monochrome images
# 2003-04-23 fl Added limited support for BI_BITFIELDS compression
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import os
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
from ._binary import i16le as i16
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from ._binary import o8
from ._binary import o16le as o16
from ._binary import o32le as o32
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read BMP file
BIT2MODE = {
# bits => mode, rawmode
1: ("P", "P;1"),
4: ("P", "P;4"),
8: ("P", "P"),
16: ("RGB", "BGR;15"),
24: ("RGB", "BGR"),
32: ("RGB", "BGRX"),
}
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:2] == b"BM"
def _dib_accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return i32(prefix) in [12, 40, 52, 56, 64, 108, 124]
# =============================================================================
# Image plugin for the Windows BMP format.
# =============================================================================
class BmpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""Image plugin for the Windows Bitmap format (BMP)"""
# ------------------------------------------------------------- Description
format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
format = "BMP"
# -------------------------------------------------- BMP Compression values
COMPRESSIONS = {"RAW": 0, "RLE8": 1, "RLE4": 2, "BITFIELDS": 3, "JPEG": 4, "PNG": 5}
for k, v in COMPRESSIONS.items():
vars()[k] = v
def _bitmap(self, header=0, offset=0):
"""Read relevant info about the BMP"""
read, seek = self.fp.read, self.fp.seek
if header:
seek(header)
# read bmp header size @offset 14 (this is part of the header size)
file_info = {"header_size": i32(read(4)), "direction": -1}
# -------------------- If requested, read header at a specific position
# read the rest of the bmp header, without its size
header_data = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, file_info["header_size"] - 4)
# ------------------------------- Windows Bitmap v2, IBM OS/2 Bitmap v1
# ----- This format has different offsets because of width/height types
# 12: BITMAPCOREHEADER/OS21XBITMAPHEADER
if file_info["header_size"] == 12:
file_info["width"] = i16(header_data, 0)
file_info["height"] = i16(header_data, 2)
file_info["planes"] = i16(header_data, 4)
file_info["bits"] = i16(header_data, 6)
file_info["compression"] = self.RAW
file_info["palette_padding"] = 3
# --------------------------------------------- Windows Bitmap v3 to v5
# 40: BITMAPINFOHEADER
# 52: BITMAPV2HEADER
# 56: BITMAPV3HEADER
# 64: BITMAPCOREHEADER2/OS22XBITMAPHEADER
# 108: BITMAPV4HEADER
# 124: BITMAPV5HEADER
elif file_info["header_size"] in (40, 52, 56, 64, 108, 124):
file_info["y_flip"] = header_data[7] == 0xFF
file_info["direction"] = 1 if file_info["y_flip"] else -1
file_info["width"] = i32(header_data, 0)
file_info["height"] = (
i32(header_data, 4)
if not file_info["y_flip"]
else 2**32 - i32(header_data, 4)
)
file_info["planes"] = i16(header_data, 8)
file_info["bits"] = i16(header_data, 10)
file_info["compression"] = i32(header_data, 12)
# byte size of pixel data
file_info["data_size"] = i32(header_data, 16)
file_info["pixels_per_meter"] = (
i32(header_data, 20),
i32(header_data, 24),
)
file_info["colors"] = i32(header_data, 28)
file_info["palette_padding"] = 4
self.info["dpi"] = tuple(x / 39.3701 for x in file_info["pixels_per_meter"])
if file_info["compression"] == self.BITFIELDS:
masks = ["r_mask", "g_mask", "b_mask"]
if len(header_data) >= 48:
if len(header_data) >= 52:
masks.append("a_mask")
else:
file_info["a_mask"] = 0x0
for idx, mask in enumerate(masks):
file_info[mask] = i32(header_data, 36 + idx * 4)
else:
# 40 byte headers only have the three components in the
# bitfields masks, ref:
# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd183376(v=vs.85).aspx
# See also
# https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/1293
# There is a 4th component in the RGBQuad, in the alpha
# location, but it is listed as a reserved component,
# and it is not generally an alpha channel
file_info["a_mask"] = 0x0
for mask in masks:
file_info[mask] = i32(read(4))
file_info["rgb_mask"] = (
file_info["r_mask"],
file_info["g_mask"],
file_info["b_mask"],
)
file_info["rgba_mask"] = (
file_info["r_mask"],
file_info["g_mask"],
file_info["b_mask"],
file_info["a_mask"],
)
else:
msg = f"Unsupported BMP header type ({file_info['header_size']})"
raise OSError(msg)
# ------------------ Special case : header is reported 40, which
# ---------------------- is shorter than real size for bpp >= 16
self._size = file_info["width"], file_info["height"]
# ------- If color count was not found in the header, compute from bits
file_info["colors"] = (
file_info["colors"]
if file_info.get("colors", 0)
else (1 << file_info["bits"])
)
if offset == 14 + file_info["header_size"] and file_info["bits"] <= 8:
offset += 4 * file_info["colors"]
# ---------------------- Check bit depth for unusual unsupported values
self._mode, raw_mode = BIT2MODE.get(file_info["bits"], (None, None))
if self.mode is None:
msg = f"Unsupported BMP pixel depth ({file_info['bits']})"
raise OSError(msg)
# ---------------- Process BMP with Bitfields compression (not palette)
decoder_name = "raw"
if file_info["compression"] == self.BITFIELDS:
SUPPORTED = {
32: [
(0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0x0),
(0xFF000000, 0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0x0),
(0xFF000000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0x0),
(0xFF000000, 0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF),
(0xFF, 0xFF00, 0xFF0000, 0xFF000000),
(0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0xFF000000),
(0xFF000000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0xFF0000),
(0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0),
],
24: [(0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF)],
16: [(0xF800, 0x7E0, 0x1F), (0x7C00, 0x3E0, 0x1F)],
}
MASK_MODES = {
(32, (0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0x0)): "BGRX",
(32, (0xFF000000, 0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0x0)): "XBGR",
(32, (0xFF000000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0x0)): "BGXR",
(32, (0xFF000000, 0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF)): "ABGR",
(32, (0xFF, 0xFF00, 0xFF0000, 0xFF000000)): "RGBA",
(32, (0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0xFF000000)): "BGRA",
(32, (0xFF000000, 0xFF00, 0xFF, 0xFF0000)): "BGAR",
(32, (0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0)): "BGRA",
(24, (0xFF0000, 0xFF00, 0xFF)): "BGR",
(16, (0xF800, 0x7E0, 0x1F)): "BGR;16",
(16, (0x7C00, 0x3E0, 0x1F)): "BGR;15",
}
if file_info["bits"] in SUPPORTED:
if (
file_info["bits"] == 32
and file_info["rgba_mask"] in SUPPORTED[file_info["bits"]]
):
raw_mode = MASK_MODES[(file_info["bits"], file_info["rgba_mask"])]
self._mode = "RGBA" if "A" in raw_mode else self.mode
elif (
file_info["bits"] in (24, 16)
and file_info["rgb_mask"] in SUPPORTED[file_info["bits"]]
):
raw_mode = MASK_MODES[(file_info["bits"], file_info["rgb_mask"])]
else:
msg = "Unsupported BMP bitfields layout"
raise OSError(msg)
else:
msg = "Unsupported BMP bitfields layout"
raise OSError(msg)
elif file_info["compression"] == self.RAW:
if file_info["bits"] == 32 and header == 22: # 32-bit .cur offset
raw_mode, self._mode = "BGRA", "RGBA"
elif file_info["compression"] in (self.RLE8, self.RLE4):
decoder_name = "bmp_rle"
else:
msg = f"Unsupported BMP compression ({file_info['compression']})"
raise OSError(msg)
# --------------- Once the header is processed, process the palette/LUT
if self.mode == "P": # Paletted for 1, 4 and 8 bit images
# ---------------------------------------------------- 1-bit images
if not (0 < file_info["colors"] <= 65536):
msg = f"Unsupported BMP Palette size ({file_info['colors']})"
raise OSError(msg)
else:
padding = file_info["palette_padding"]
palette = read(padding * file_info["colors"])
grayscale = True
indices = (
(0, 255)
if file_info["colors"] == 2
else list(range(file_info["colors"]))
)
# ----------------- Check if grayscale and ignore palette if so
for ind, val in enumerate(indices):
rgb = palette[ind * padding : ind * padding + 3]
if rgb != o8(val) * 3:
grayscale = False
# ------- If all colors are gray, white or black, ditch palette
if grayscale:
self._mode = "1" if file_info["colors"] == 2 else "L"
raw_mode = self.mode
else:
self._mode = "P"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"BGRX" if padding == 4 else "BGR", palette
)
# ---------------------------- Finally set the tile data for the plugin
self.info["compression"] = file_info["compression"]
args = [raw_mode]
if decoder_name == "bmp_rle":
args.append(file_info["compression"] == self.RLE4)
else:
args.append(((file_info["width"] * file_info["bits"] + 31) >> 3) & (~3))
args.append(file_info["direction"])
self.tile = [
(
decoder_name,
(0, 0, file_info["width"], file_info["height"]),
offset or self.fp.tell(),
tuple(args),
)
]
def _open(self) -> None:
"""Open file, check magic number and read header"""
# read 14 bytes: magic number, filesize, reserved, header final offset
head_data = self.fp.read(14)
# choke if the file does not have the required magic bytes
if not _accept(head_data):
msg = "Not a BMP file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
# read the start position of the BMP image data (u32)
offset = i32(head_data, 10)
# load bitmap information (offset=raster info)
self._bitmap(offset=offset)
class BmpRleDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
_pulls_fd = True
def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
assert self.fd is not None
rle4 = self.args[1]
data = bytearray()
x = 0
dest_length = self.state.xsize * self.state.ysize
while len(data) < dest_length:
pixels = self.fd.read(1)
byte = self.fd.read(1)
if not pixels or not byte:
break
num_pixels = pixels[0]
if num_pixels:
# encoded mode
if x + num_pixels > self.state.xsize:
# Too much data for row
num_pixels = max(0, self.state.xsize - x)
if rle4:
first_pixel = o8(byte[0] >> 4)
second_pixel = o8(byte[0] & 0x0F)
for index in range(num_pixels):
if index % 2 == 0:
data += first_pixel
else:
data += second_pixel
else:
data += byte * num_pixels
x += num_pixels
else:
if byte[0] == 0:
# end of line
while len(data) % self.state.xsize != 0:
data += b"\x00"
x = 0
elif byte[0] == 1:
# end of bitmap
break
elif byte[0] == 2:
# delta
bytes_read = self.fd.read(2)
if len(bytes_read) < 2:
break
right, up = self.fd.read(2)
data += b"\x00" * (right + up * self.state.xsize)
x = len(data) % self.state.xsize
else:
# absolute mode
if rle4:
# 2 pixels per byte
byte_count = byte[0] // 2
bytes_read = self.fd.read(byte_count)
for byte_read in bytes_read:
data += o8(byte_read >> 4)
data += o8(byte_read & 0x0F)
else:
byte_count = byte[0]
bytes_read = self.fd.read(byte_count)
data += bytes_read
if len(bytes_read) < byte_count:
break
x += byte[0]
# align to 16-bit word boundary
if self.fd.tell() % 2 != 0:
self.fd.seek(1, os.SEEK_CUR)
rawmode = "L" if self.mode == "L" else "P"
self.set_as_raw(bytes(data), (rawmode, 0, self.args[-1]))
return -1, 0
# =============================================================================
# Image plugin for the DIB format (BMP alias)
# =============================================================================
class DibImageFile(BmpImageFile):
format = "DIB"
format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
def _open(self) -> None:
self._bitmap()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write BMP file
SAVE = {
"1": ("1", 1, 2),
"L": ("L", 8, 256),
"P": ("P", 8, 256),
"RGB": ("BGR", 24, 0),
"RGBA": ("BGRA", 32, 0),
}
def _dib_save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
_save(im, fp, filename, False)
def _save(
im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes, bitmap_header: bool = True
) -> None:
try:
rawmode, bits, colors = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError as e:
msg = f"cannot write mode {im.mode} as BMP"
raise OSError(msg) from e
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (96, 96))
# 1 meter == 39.3701 inches
ppm = tuple(int(x * 39.3701 + 0.5) for x in dpi)
stride = ((im.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8 + 3) & (~3)
header = 40 # or 64 for OS/2 version 2
image = stride * im.size[1]
if im.mode == "1":
palette = b"".join(o8(i) * 4 for i in (0, 255))
elif im.mode == "L":
palette = b"".join(o8(i) * 4 for i in range(256))
elif im.mode == "P":
palette = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGRX")
colors = len(palette) // 4
else:
palette = None
# bitmap header
if bitmap_header:
offset = 14 + header + colors * 4
file_size = offset + image
if file_size > 2**32 - 1:
msg = "File size is too large for the BMP format"
raise ValueError(msg)
fp.write(
b"BM" # file type (magic)
+ o32(file_size) # file size
+ o32(0) # reserved
+ o32(offset) # image data offset
)
# bitmap info header
fp.write(
o32(header) # info header size
+ o32(im.size[0]) # width
+ o32(im.size[1]) # height
+ o16(1) # planes
+ o16(bits) # depth
+ o32(0) # compression (0=uncompressed)
+ o32(image) # size of bitmap
+ o32(ppm[0]) # resolution
+ o32(ppm[1]) # resolution
+ o32(colors) # colors used
+ o32(colors) # colors important
)
fp.write(b"\0" * (header - 40)) # padding (for OS/2 format)
if palette:
fp.write(palette)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, stride, -1))])
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(BmpImageFile.format, BmpImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(BmpImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(BmpImageFile.format, ".bmp")
Image.register_mime(BmpImageFile.format, "image/bmp")
Image.register_decoder("bmp_rle", BmpRleDecoder)
Image.register_open(DibImageFile.format, DibImageFile, _dib_accept)
Image.register_save(DibImageFile.format, _dib_save)
Image.register_extension(DibImageFile.format, ".dib")
Image.register_mime(DibImageFile.format, "image/bmp")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# BUFR stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
def register_handler(handler: ImageFile.StubHandler | None) -> None:
"""
Install application-specific BUFR image handler.
:param handler: Handler object.
"""
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == b"BUFR" or prefix[:4] == b"ZCZC"
class BufrStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "BUFR"
format_description = "BUFR"
def _open(self) -> None:
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
msg = "Not a BUFR file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self._mode = "F"
self._size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self) -> ImageFile.StubHandler | None:
return _handler
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
if _handler is None or not hasattr(_handler, "save"):
msg = "BUFR save handler not installed"
raise OSError(msg)
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(BufrStubImageFile.format, BufrStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(BufrStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(BufrStubImageFile.format, ".bufr")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a class to read from a container file
#
# History:
# 1995-06-18 fl Created
# 1995-09-07 fl Added readline(), readlines()
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import io
from typing import IO, AnyStr, Generic, Literal
class ContainerIO(Generic[AnyStr]):
"""
A file object that provides read access to a part of an existing
file (for example a TAR file).
"""
def __init__(self, file: IO[AnyStr], offset: int, length: int) -> None:
"""
Create file object.
:param file: Existing file.
:param offset: Start of region, in bytes.
:param length: Size of region, in bytes.
"""
self.fh: IO[AnyStr] = file
self.pos = 0
self.offset = offset
self.length = length
self.fh.seek(offset)
##
# Always false.
def isatty(self) -> bool:
return False
def seek(self, offset: int, mode: Literal[0, 1, 2] = io.SEEK_SET) -> None:
"""
Move file pointer.
:param offset: Offset in bytes.
:param mode: Starting position. Use 0 for beginning of region, 1
for current offset, and 2 for end of region. You cannot move
the pointer outside the defined region.
"""
if mode == 1:
self.pos = self.pos + offset
elif mode == 2:
self.pos = self.length + offset
else:
self.pos = offset
# clamp
self.pos = max(0, min(self.pos, self.length))
self.fh.seek(self.offset + self.pos)
def tell(self) -> int:
"""
Get current file pointer.
:returns: Offset from start of region, in bytes.
"""
return self.pos
def read(self, n: int = 0) -> AnyStr:
"""
Read data.
:param n: Number of bytes to read. If omitted or zero,
read until end of region.
:returns: An 8-bit string.
"""
if n:
n = min(n, self.length - self.pos)
else:
n = self.length - self.pos
if not n: # EOF
return b"" if "b" in self.fh.mode else "" # type: ignore[return-value]
self.pos = self.pos + n
return self.fh.read(n)
def readline(self) -> AnyStr:
"""
Read a line of text.
:returns: An 8-bit string.
"""
s: AnyStr = b"" if "b" in self.fh.mode else "" # type: ignore[assignment]
newline_character = b"\n" if "b" in self.fh.mode else "\n"
while True:
c = self.read(1)
if not c:
break
s = s + c
if c == newline_character:
break
return s
def readlines(self) -> list[AnyStr]:
"""
Read multiple lines of text.
:returns: A list of 8-bit strings.
"""
lines = []
while True:
s = self.readline()
if not s:
break
lines.append(s)
return lines

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Windows Cursor support for PIL
#
# notes:
# uses BmpImagePlugin.py to read the bitmap data.
#
# history:
# 96-05-27 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image
from ._binary import i16le as i16
from ._binary import i32le as i32
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == b"\0\0\2\0"
##
# Image plugin for Windows Cursor files.
class CurImageFile(BmpImagePlugin.BmpImageFile):
format = "CUR"
format_description = "Windows Cursor"
def _open(self) -> None:
offset = self.fp.tell()
# check magic
s = self.fp.read(6)
if not _accept(s):
msg = "not a CUR file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
# pick the largest cursor in the file
m = b""
for i in range(i16(s, 4)):
s = self.fp.read(16)
if not m:
m = s
elif s[0] > m[0] and s[1] > m[1]:
m = s
if not m:
msg = "No cursors were found"
raise TypeError(msg)
# load as bitmap
self._bitmap(i32(m, 12) + offset)
# patch up the bitmap height
self._size = self.size[0], self.size[1] // 2
d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
self.tile[0] = d, (0, 0) + self.size, o, a
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open(CurImageFile.format, CurImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(CurImageFile.format, ".cur")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# DCX file handling
#
# DCX is a container file format defined by Intel, commonly used
# for fax applications. Each DCX file consists of a directory
# (a list of file offsets) followed by a set of (usually 1-bit)
# PCX files.
#
# History:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1996-03-20 fl Properly derived from PcxImageFile.
# 1998-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
# 2002-07-30 fl Fixed file handling
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-98 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-96 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from . import Image
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from .PcxImagePlugin import PcxImageFile
MAGIC = 0x3ADE68B1 # QUIZ: what's this value, then?
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return len(prefix) >= 4 and i32(prefix) == MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for the Intel DCX format.
class DcxImageFile(PcxImageFile):
format = "DCX"
format_description = "Intel DCX"
_close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
def _open(self) -> None:
# Header
s = self.fp.read(4)
if not _accept(s):
msg = "not a DCX file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
# Component directory
self._offset = []
for i in range(1024):
offset = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if not offset:
break
self._offset.append(offset)
self._fp = self.fp
self.frame = -1
self.n_frames = len(self._offset)
self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1
self.seek(0)
def seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
if not self._seek_check(frame):
return
self.frame = frame
self.fp = self._fp
self.fp.seek(self._offset[frame])
PcxImageFile._open(self)
def tell(self) -> int:
return self.frame
Image.register_open(DcxImageFile.format, DcxImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(DcxImageFile.format, ".dcx")

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"""
A Pillow loader for .dds files (S3TC-compressed aka DXTC)
Jerome Leclanche <jerome@leclan.ch>
Documentation:
https://web.archive.org/web/20170802060935/http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/EXT/texture_compression_s3tc.txt
The contents of this file are hereby released in the public domain (CC0)
Full text of the CC0 license:
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import io
import struct
import sys
from enum import IntEnum, IntFlag
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from ._binary import o8
from ._binary import o32le as o32
# Magic ("DDS ")
DDS_MAGIC = 0x20534444
# DDS flags
class DDSD(IntFlag):
CAPS = 0x1
HEIGHT = 0x2
WIDTH = 0x4
PITCH = 0x8
PIXELFORMAT = 0x1000
MIPMAPCOUNT = 0x20000
LINEARSIZE = 0x80000
DEPTH = 0x800000
# DDS caps
class DDSCAPS(IntFlag):
COMPLEX = 0x8
TEXTURE = 0x1000
MIPMAP = 0x400000
class DDSCAPS2(IntFlag):
CUBEMAP = 0x200
CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX = 0x400
CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX = 0x800
CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY = 0x1000
CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY = 0x2000
CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ = 0x4000
CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ = 0x8000
VOLUME = 0x200000
# Pixel Format
class DDPF(IntFlag):
ALPHAPIXELS = 0x1
ALPHA = 0x2
FOURCC = 0x4
PALETTEINDEXED8 = 0x20
RGB = 0x40
LUMINANCE = 0x20000
# dxgiformat.h
class DXGI_FORMAT(IntEnum):
UNKNOWN = 0
R32G32B32A32_TYPELESS = 1
R32G32B32A32_FLOAT = 2
R32G32B32A32_UINT = 3
R32G32B32A32_SINT = 4
R32G32B32_TYPELESS = 5
R32G32B32_FLOAT = 6
R32G32B32_UINT = 7
R32G32B32_SINT = 8
R16G16B16A16_TYPELESS = 9
R16G16B16A16_FLOAT = 10
R16G16B16A16_UNORM = 11
R16G16B16A16_UINT = 12
R16G16B16A16_SNORM = 13
R16G16B16A16_SINT = 14
R32G32_TYPELESS = 15
R32G32_FLOAT = 16
R32G32_UINT = 17
R32G32_SINT = 18
R32G8X24_TYPELESS = 19
D32_FLOAT_S8X24_UINT = 20
R32_FLOAT_X8X24_TYPELESS = 21
X32_TYPELESS_G8X24_UINT = 22
R10G10B10A2_TYPELESS = 23
R10G10B10A2_UNORM = 24
R10G10B10A2_UINT = 25
R11G11B10_FLOAT = 26
R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS = 27
R8G8B8A8_UNORM = 28
R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB = 29
R8G8B8A8_UINT = 30
R8G8B8A8_SNORM = 31
R8G8B8A8_SINT = 32
R16G16_TYPELESS = 33
R16G16_FLOAT = 34
R16G16_UNORM = 35
R16G16_UINT = 36
R16G16_SNORM = 37
R16G16_SINT = 38
R32_TYPELESS = 39
D32_FLOAT = 40
R32_FLOAT = 41
R32_UINT = 42
R32_SINT = 43
R24G8_TYPELESS = 44
D24_UNORM_S8_UINT = 45
R24_UNORM_X8_TYPELESS = 46
X24_TYPELESS_G8_UINT = 47
R8G8_TYPELESS = 48
R8G8_UNORM = 49
R8G8_UINT = 50
R8G8_SNORM = 51
R8G8_SINT = 52
R16_TYPELESS = 53
R16_FLOAT = 54
D16_UNORM = 55
R16_UNORM = 56
R16_UINT = 57
R16_SNORM = 58
R16_SINT = 59
R8_TYPELESS = 60
R8_UNORM = 61
R8_UINT = 62
R8_SNORM = 63
R8_SINT = 64
A8_UNORM = 65
R1_UNORM = 66
R9G9B9E5_SHAREDEXP = 67
R8G8_B8G8_UNORM = 68
G8R8_G8B8_UNORM = 69
BC1_TYPELESS = 70
BC1_UNORM = 71
BC1_UNORM_SRGB = 72
BC2_TYPELESS = 73
BC2_UNORM = 74
BC2_UNORM_SRGB = 75
BC3_TYPELESS = 76
BC3_UNORM = 77
BC3_UNORM_SRGB = 78
BC4_TYPELESS = 79
BC4_UNORM = 80
BC4_SNORM = 81
BC5_TYPELESS = 82
BC5_UNORM = 83
BC5_SNORM = 84
B5G6R5_UNORM = 85
B5G5R5A1_UNORM = 86
B8G8R8A8_UNORM = 87
B8G8R8X8_UNORM = 88
R10G10B10_XR_BIAS_A2_UNORM = 89
B8G8R8A8_TYPELESS = 90
B8G8R8A8_UNORM_SRGB = 91
B8G8R8X8_TYPELESS = 92
B8G8R8X8_UNORM_SRGB = 93
BC6H_TYPELESS = 94
BC6H_UF16 = 95
BC6H_SF16 = 96
BC7_TYPELESS = 97
BC7_UNORM = 98
BC7_UNORM_SRGB = 99
AYUV = 100
Y410 = 101
Y416 = 102
NV12 = 103
P010 = 104
P016 = 105
OPAQUE_420 = 106
YUY2 = 107
Y210 = 108
Y216 = 109
NV11 = 110
AI44 = 111
IA44 = 112
P8 = 113
A8P8 = 114
B4G4R4A4_UNORM = 115
P208 = 130
V208 = 131
V408 = 132
SAMPLER_FEEDBACK_MIN_MIP_OPAQUE = 189
SAMPLER_FEEDBACK_MIP_REGION_USED_OPAQUE = 190
class D3DFMT(IntEnum):
UNKNOWN = 0
R8G8B8 = 20
A8R8G8B8 = 21
X8R8G8B8 = 22
R5G6B5 = 23
X1R5G5B5 = 24
A1R5G5B5 = 25
A4R4G4B4 = 26
R3G3B2 = 27
A8 = 28
A8R3G3B2 = 29
X4R4G4B4 = 30
A2B10G10R10 = 31
A8B8G8R8 = 32
X8B8G8R8 = 33
G16R16 = 34
A2R10G10B10 = 35
A16B16G16R16 = 36
A8P8 = 40
P8 = 41
L8 = 50
A8L8 = 51
A4L4 = 52
V8U8 = 60
L6V5U5 = 61
X8L8V8U8 = 62
Q8W8V8U8 = 63
V16U16 = 64
A2W10V10U10 = 67
D16_LOCKABLE = 70
D32 = 71
D15S1 = 73
D24S8 = 75
D24X8 = 77
D24X4S4 = 79
D16 = 80
D32F_LOCKABLE = 82
D24FS8 = 83
D32_LOCKABLE = 84
S8_LOCKABLE = 85
L16 = 81
VERTEXDATA = 100
INDEX16 = 101
INDEX32 = 102
Q16W16V16U16 = 110
R16F = 111
G16R16F = 112
A16B16G16R16F = 113
R32F = 114
G32R32F = 115
A32B32G32R32F = 116
CxV8U8 = 117
A1 = 118
A2B10G10R10_XR_BIAS = 119
BINARYBUFFER = 199
UYVY = i32(b"UYVY")
R8G8_B8G8 = i32(b"RGBG")
YUY2 = i32(b"YUY2")
G8R8_G8B8 = i32(b"GRGB")
DXT1 = i32(b"DXT1")
DXT2 = i32(b"DXT2")
DXT3 = i32(b"DXT3")
DXT4 = i32(b"DXT4")
DXT5 = i32(b"DXT5")
DX10 = i32(b"DX10")
BC4S = i32(b"BC4S")
BC4U = i32(b"BC4U")
BC5S = i32(b"BC5S")
BC5U = i32(b"BC5U")
ATI1 = i32(b"ATI1")
ATI2 = i32(b"ATI2")
MULTI2_ARGB8 = i32(b"MET1")
# Backward compatibility layer
module = sys.modules[__name__]
for item in DDSD:
assert item.name is not None
setattr(module, f"DDSD_{item.name}", item.value)
for item1 in DDSCAPS:
assert item1.name is not None
setattr(module, f"DDSCAPS_{item1.name}", item1.value)
for item2 in DDSCAPS2:
assert item2.name is not None
setattr(module, f"DDSCAPS2_{item2.name}", item2.value)
for item3 in DDPF:
assert item3.name is not None
setattr(module, f"DDPF_{item3.name}", item3.value)
DDS_FOURCC = DDPF.FOURCC
DDS_RGB = DDPF.RGB
DDS_RGBA = DDPF.RGB | DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
DDS_LUMINANCE = DDPF.LUMINANCE
DDS_LUMINANCEA = DDPF.LUMINANCE | DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
DDS_ALPHA = DDPF.ALPHA
DDS_PAL8 = DDPF.PALETTEINDEXED8
DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_TEXTURE = DDSD.CAPS | DDSD.HEIGHT | DDSD.WIDTH | DDSD.PIXELFORMAT
DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_MIPMAP = DDSD.MIPMAPCOUNT
DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_VOLUME = DDSD.DEPTH
DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_PITCH = DDSD.PITCH
DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_LINEARSIZE = DDSD.LINEARSIZE
DDS_HEIGHT = DDSD.HEIGHT
DDS_WIDTH = DDSD.WIDTH
DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_TEXTURE = DDSCAPS.TEXTURE
DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_MIPMAP = DDSCAPS.COMPLEX | DDSCAPS.MIPMAP
DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_CUBEMAP = DDSCAPS.COMPLEX
DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX
DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX
DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY
DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY
DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ
DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ
DXT1_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT1
DXT3_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT3
DXT5_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT5
DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS
DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM
DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB
DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_TYPELESS
DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_UNORM
DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_SNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_SNORM
DXGI_FORMAT_BC6H_UF16 = DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_UF16
DXGI_FORMAT_BC6H_SF16 = DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_SF16
DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_TYPELESS
DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM
DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_UNORM_SRGB = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB
class DdsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "DDS"
format_description = "DirectDraw Surface"
def _open(self) -> None:
if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
msg = "not a DDS file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
(header_size,) = struct.unpack("<I", self.fp.read(4))
if header_size != 124:
msg = f"Unsupported header size {repr(header_size)}"
raise OSError(msg)
header_bytes = self.fp.read(header_size - 4)
if len(header_bytes) != 120:
msg = f"Incomplete header: {len(header_bytes)} bytes"
raise OSError(msg)
header = io.BytesIO(header_bytes)
flags, height, width = struct.unpack("<3I", header.read(12))
self._size = (width, height)
extents = (0, 0) + self.size
pitch, depth, mipmaps = struct.unpack("<3I", header.read(12))
struct.unpack("<11I", header.read(44)) # reserved
# pixel format
pfsize, pfflags, fourcc, bitcount = struct.unpack("<4I", header.read(16))
n = 0
rawmode = None
if pfflags & DDPF.RGB:
# Texture contains uncompressed RGB data
if pfflags & DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS:
self._mode = "RGBA"
mask_count = 4
else:
self._mode = "RGB"
mask_count = 3
masks = struct.unpack(f"<{mask_count}I", header.read(mask_count * 4))
self.tile = [("dds_rgb", extents, 0, (bitcount, masks))]
return
elif pfflags & DDPF.LUMINANCE:
if bitcount == 8:
self._mode = "L"
elif bitcount == 16 and pfflags & DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS:
self._mode = "LA"
else:
msg = f"Unsupported bitcount {bitcount} for {pfflags}"
raise OSError(msg)
elif pfflags & DDPF.PALETTEINDEXED8:
self._mode = "P"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGBA", self.fp.read(1024))
self.palette.mode = "RGBA"
elif pfflags & DDPF.FOURCC:
offset = header_size + 4
if fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT1:
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.pixel_format = "DXT1"
n = 1
elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT3:
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.pixel_format = "DXT3"
n = 2
elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT5:
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.pixel_format = "DXT5"
n = 3
elif fourcc in (D3DFMT.BC4U, D3DFMT.ATI1):
self._mode = "L"
self.pixel_format = "BC4"
n = 4
elif fourcc == D3DFMT.BC5S:
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC5S"
n = 5
elif fourcc in (D3DFMT.BC5U, D3DFMT.ATI2):
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC5"
n = 5
elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DX10:
offset += 20
# ignoring flags which pertain to volume textures and cubemaps
(dxgi_format,) = struct.unpack("<I", self.fp.read(4))
self.fp.read(16)
if dxgi_format in (
DXGI_FORMAT.BC1_UNORM,
DXGI_FORMAT.BC1_TYPELESS,
):
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.pixel_format = "BC1"
n = 1
elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC4_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC4_UNORM):
self._mode = "L"
self.pixel_format = "BC4"
n = 4
elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_UNORM):
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC5"
n = 5
elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_SNORM:
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC5S"
n = 5
elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_UF16:
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC6H"
n = 6
elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_SF16:
self._mode = "RGB"
self.pixel_format = "BC6HS"
n = 6
elif dxgi_format in (
DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_TYPELESS,
DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM,
DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB,
):
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.pixel_format = "BC7"
n = 7
if dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB:
self.info["gamma"] = 1 / 2.2
elif dxgi_format in (
DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS,
DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB,
):
self._mode = "RGBA"
if dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB:
self.info["gamma"] = 1 / 2.2
else:
msg = f"Unimplemented DXGI format {dxgi_format}"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
else:
msg = f"Unimplemented pixel format {repr(fourcc)}"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
else:
msg = f"Unknown pixel format flags {pfflags}"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
if n:
self.tile = [
ImageFile._Tile("bcn", extents, offset, (n, self.pixel_format))
]
else:
self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", extents, 0, rawmode or self.mode)]
def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
pass
class DdsRgbDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
_pulls_fd = True
def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
assert self.fd is not None
bitcount, masks = self.args
# Some masks will be padded with zeros, e.g. R 0b11 G 0b1100
# Calculate how many zeros each mask is padded with
mask_offsets = []
# And the maximum value of each channel without the padding
mask_totals = []
for mask in masks:
offset = 0
if mask != 0:
while mask >> (offset + 1) << (offset + 1) == mask:
offset += 1
mask_offsets.append(offset)
mask_totals.append(mask >> offset)
data = bytearray()
bytecount = bitcount // 8
dest_length = self.state.xsize * self.state.ysize * len(masks)
while len(data) < dest_length:
value = int.from_bytes(self.fd.read(bytecount), "little")
for i, mask in enumerate(masks):
masked_value = value & mask
# Remove the zero padding, and scale it to 8 bits
data += o8(
int(((masked_value >> mask_offsets[i]) / mask_totals[i]) * 255)
)
self.set_as_raw(data)
return -1, 0
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
if im.mode not in ("RGB", "RGBA", "L", "LA"):
msg = f"cannot write mode {im.mode} as DDS"
raise OSError(msg)
alpha = im.mode[-1] == "A"
if im.mode[0] == "L":
pixel_flags = DDPF.LUMINANCE
rawmode = im.mode
if alpha:
rgba_mask = [0x000000FF, 0x000000FF, 0x000000FF]
else:
rgba_mask = [0xFF000000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF000000]
else:
pixel_flags = DDPF.RGB
rawmode = im.mode[::-1]
rgba_mask = [0x00FF0000, 0x0000FF00, 0x000000FF]
if alpha:
r, g, b, a = im.split()
im = Image.merge("RGBA", (a, r, g, b))
if alpha:
pixel_flags |= DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
rgba_mask.append(0xFF000000 if alpha else 0)
flags = DDSD.CAPS | DDSD.HEIGHT | DDSD.WIDTH | DDSD.PITCH | DDSD.PIXELFORMAT
bitcount = len(im.getbands()) * 8
pitch = (im.width * bitcount + 7) // 8
fp.write(
o32(DDS_MAGIC)
+ struct.pack(
"<7I",
124, # header size
flags, # flags
im.height,
im.width,
pitch,
0, # depth
0, # mipmaps
)
+ struct.pack("11I", *((0,) * 11)) # reserved
# pfsize, pfflags, fourcc, bitcount
+ struct.pack("<4I", 32, pixel_flags, 0, bitcount)
+ struct.pack("<4I", *rgba_mask) # dwRGBABitMask
+ struct.pack("<5I", DDSCAPS.TEXTURE, 0, 0, 0, 0)
)
ImageFile._save(
im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))]
)
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == b"DDS "
Image.register_open(DdsImageFile.format, DdsImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_decoder("dds_rgb", DdsRgbDecoder)
Image.register_save(DdsImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(DdsImageFile.format, ".dds")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# EPS file handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created (0.1)
# 1996-05-18 fl Don't choke on "atend" fields, Ghostscript interface (0.2)
# 1996-08-22 fl Don't choke on floating point BoundingBox values
# 1996-08-23 fl Handle files from Macintosh (0.3)
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.4)
# 2003-09-07 fl Check gs.close status (from Federico Di Gregorio) (0.5)
# 2014-05-07 e Handling of EPS with binary preview and fixed resolution
# resizing
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import io
import os
import re
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from ._deprecate import deprecate
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
split = re.compile(r"^%%([^:]*):[ \t]*(.*)[ \t]*$")
field = re.compile(r"^%[%!\w]([^:]*)[ \t]*$")
gs_binary: str | bool | None = None
gs_windows_binary = None
def has_ghostscript() -> bool:
global gs_binary, gs_windows_binary
if gs_binary is None:
if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
if gs_windows_binary is None:
import shutil
for binary in ("gswin32c", "gswin64c", "gs"):
if shutil.which(binary) is not None:
gs_windows_binary = binary
break
else:
gs_windows_binary = False
gs_binary = gs_windows_binary
else:
try:
subprocess.check_call(["gs", "--version"], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
gs_binary = "gs"
except OSError:
gs_binary = False
return gs_binary is not False
def Ghostscript(tile, size, fp, scale=1, transparency=False):
"""Render an image using Ghostscript"""
global gs_binary
if not has_ghostscript():
msg = "Unable to locate Ghostscript on paths"
raise OSError(msg)
# Unpack decoder tile
decoder, tile, offset, data = tile[0]
length, bbox = data
# Hack to support hi-res rendering
scale = int(scale) or 1
width = size[0] * scale
height = size[1] * scale
# resolution is dependent on bbox and size
res_x = 72.0 * width / (bbox[2] - bbox[0])
res_y = 72.0 * height / (bbox[3] - bbox[1])
out_fd, outfile = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(out_fd)
infile_temp = None
if hasattr(fp, "name") and os.path.exists(fp.name):
infile = fp.name
else:
in_fd, infile_temp = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(in_fd)
infile = infile_temp
# Ignore length and offset!
# Ghostscript can read it
# Copy whole file to read in Ghostscript
with open(infile_temp, "wb") as f:
# fetch length of fp
fp.seek(0, io.SEEK_END)
fsize = fp.tell()
# ensure start position
# go back
fp.seek(0)
lengthfile = fsize
while lengthfile > 0:
s = fp.read(min(lengthfile, 100 * 1024))
if not s:
break
lengthfile -= len(s)
f.write(s)
device = "pngalpha" if transparency else "ppmraw"
# Build Ghostscript command
command = [
gs_binary,
"-q", # quiet mode
f"-g{width:d}x{height:d}", # set output geometry (pixels)
f"-r{res_x:f}x{res_y:f}", # set input DPI (dots per inch)
"-dBATCH", # exit after processing
"-dNOPAUSE", # don't pause between pages
"-dSAFER", # safe mode
f"-sDEVICE={device}",
f"-sOutputFile={outfile}", # output file
# adjust for image origin
"-c",
f"{-bbox[0]} {-bbox[1]} translate",
"-f",
infile, # input file
# showpage (see https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698272)
"-c",
"showpage",
]
# push data through Ghostscript
try:
startupinfo = None
if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
subprocess.check_call(command, startupinfo=startupinfo)
out_im = Image.open(outfile)
out_im.load()
finally:
try:
os.unlink(outfile)
if infile_temp:
os.unlink(infile_temp)
except OSError:
pass
im = out_im.im.copy()
out_im.close()
return im
class PSFile:
"""
Wrapper for bytesio object that treats either CR or LF as end of line.
This class is no longer used internally, but kept for backwards compatibility.
"""
def __init__(self, fp):
deprecate(
"PSFile",
11,
action="If you need the functionality of this class "
"you will need to implement it yourself.",
)
self.fp = fp
self.char = None
def seek(self, offset, whence=io.SEEK_SET):
self.char = None
self.fp.seek(offset, whence)
def readline(self) -> str:
s = [self.char or b""]
self.char = None
c = self.fp.read(1)
while (c not in b"\r\n") and len(c):
s.append(c)
c = self.fp.read(1)
self.char = self.fp.read(1)
# line endings can be 1 or 2 of \r \n, in either order
if self.char in b"\r\n":
self.char = None
return b"".join(s).decode("latin-1")
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == b"%!PS" or (len(prefix) >= 4 and i32(prefix) == 0xC6D3D0C5)
##
# Image plugin for Encapsulated PostScript. This plugin supports only
# a few variants of this format.
class EpsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""EPS File Parser for the Python Imaging Library"""
format = "EPS"
format_description = "Encapsulated Postscript"
mode_map = {1: "L", 2: "LAB", 3: "RGB", 4: "CMYK"}
def _open(self) -> None:
(length, offset) = self._find_offset(self.fp)
# go to offset - start of "%!PS"
self.fp.seek(offset)
self._mode = "RGB"
self._size = None
byte_arr = bytearray(255)
bytes_mv = memoryview(byte_arr)
bytes_read = 0
reading_header_comments = True
reading_trailer_comments = False
trailer_reached = False
def check_required_header_comments() -> None:
"""
The EPS specification requires that some headers exist.
This should be checked when the header comments formally end,
when image data starts, or when the file ends, whichever comes first.
"""
if "PS-Adobe" not in self.info:
msg = 'EPS header missing "%!PS-Adobe" comment'
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if "BoundingBox" not in self.info:
msg = 'EPS header missing "%%BoundingBox" comment'
raise SyntaxError(msg)
def _read_comment(s: str) -> bool:
nonlocal reading_trailer_comments
try:
m = split.match(s)
except re.error as e:
msg = "not an EPS file"
raise SyntaxError(msg) from e
if not m:
return False
k, v = m.group(1, 2)
self.info[k] = v
if k == "BoundingBox":
if v == "(atend)":
reading_trailer_comments = True
elif not self._size or (trailer_reached and reading_trailer_comments):
try:
# Note: The DSC spec says that BoundingBox
# fields should be integers, but some drivers
# put floating point values there anyway.
box = [int(float(i)) for i in v.split()]
self._size = box[2] - box[0], box[3] - box[1]
self.tile = [("eps", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, (length, box))]
except Exception:
pass
return True
while True:
byte = self.fp.read(1)
if byte == b"":
# if we didn't read a byte we must be at the end of the file
if bytes_read == 0:
if reading_header_comments:
check_required_header_comments()
break
elif byte in b"\r\n":
# if we read a line ending character, ignore it and parse what
# we have already read. if we haven't read any other characters,
# continue reading
if bytes_read == 0:
continue
else:
# ASCII/hexadecimal lines in an EPS file must not exceed
# 255 characters, not including line ending characters
if bytes_read >= 255:
# only enforce this for lines starting with a "%",
# otherwise assume it's binary data
if byte_arr[0] == ord("%"):
msg = "not an EPS file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
else:
if reading_header_comments:
check_required_header_comments()
reading_header_comments = False
# reset bytes_read so we can keep reading
# data until the end of the line
bytes_read = 0
byte_arr[bytes_read] = byte[0]
bytes_read += 1
continue
if reading_header_comments:
# Load EPS header
# if this line doesn't start with a "%",
# or does start with "%%EndComments",
# then we've reached the end of the header/comments
if byte_arr[0] != ord("%") or bytes_mv[:13] == b"%%EndComments":
check_required_header_comments()
reading_header_comments = False
continue
s = str(bytes_mv[:bytes_read], "latin-1")
if not _read_comment(s):
m = field.match(s)
if m:
k = m.group(1)
if k[:8] == "PS-Adobe":
self.info["PS-Adobe"] = k[9:]
else:
self.info[k] = ""
elif s[0] == "%":
# handle non-DSC PostScript comments that some
# tools mistakenly put in the Comments section
pass
else:
msg = "bad EPS header"
raise OSError(msg)
elif bytes_mv[:11] == b"%ImageData:":
# Check for an "ImageData" descriptor
# https://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/#50577413_pgfId-1035096
# Values:
# columns
# rows
# bit depth (1 or 8)
# mode (1: L, 2: LAB, 3: RGB, 4: CMYK)
# number of padding channels
# block size (number of bytes per row per channel)
# binary/ascii (1: binary, 2: ascii)
# data start identifier (the image data follows after a single line
# consisting only of this quoted value)
image_data_values = byte_arr[11:bytes_read].split(None, 7)
columns, rows, bit_depth, mode_id = (
int(value) for value in image_data_values[:4]
)
if bit_depth == 1:
self._mode = "1"
elif bit_depth == 8:
try:
self._mode = self.mode_map[mode_id]
except ValueError:
break
else:
break
self._size = columns, rows
return
elif bytes_mv[:5] == b"%%EOF":
break
elif trailer_reached and reading_trailer_comments:
# Load EPS trailer
s = str(bytes_mv[:bytes_read], "latin-1")
_read_comment(s)
elif bytes_mv[:9] == b"%%Trailer":
trailer_reached = True
bytes_read = 0
if not self._size:
msg = "cannot determine EPS bounding box"
raise OSError(msg)
def _find_offset(self, fp):
s = fp.read(4)
if s == b"%!PS":
# for HEAD without binary preview
fp.seek(0, io.SEEK_END)
length = fp.tell()
offset = 0
elif i32(s) == 0xC6D3D0C5:
# FIX for: Some EPS file not handled correctly / issue #302
# EPS can contain binary data
# or start directly with latin coding
# more info see:
# https://web.archive.org/web/20160528181353/http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf
s = fp.read(8)
offset = i32(s)
length = i32(s, 4)
else:
msg = "not an EPS file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
return length, offset
def load(self, scale=1, transparency=False):
# Load EPS via Ghostscript
if self.tile:
self.im = Ghostscript(self.tile, self.size, self.fp, scale, transparency)
self._mode = self.im.mode
self._size = self.im.size
self.tile = []
return Image.Image.load(self)
def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
# we can't incrementally load, so force ImageFile.parser to
# use our custom load method by defining this method.
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes, eps: int = 1) -> None:
"""EPS Writer for the Python Imaging Library."""
# make sure image data is available
im.load()
# determine PostScript image mode
if im.mode == "L":
operator = (8, 1, b"image")
elif im.mode == "RGB":
operator = (8, 3, b"false 3 colorimage")
elif im.mode == "CMYK":
operator = (8, 4, b"false 4 colorimage")
else:
msg = "image mode is not supported"
raise ValueError(msg)
if eps:
# write EPS header
fp.write(b"%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0\n")
fp.write(b"%%Creator: PIL 0.1 EpsEncode\n")
# fp.write("%%CreationDate: %s"...)
fp.write(b"%%%%BoundingBox: 0 0 %d %d\n" % im.size)
fp.write(b"%%Pages: 1\n")
fp.write(b"%%EndComments\n")
fp.write(b"%%Page: 1 1\n")
fp.write(b"%%ImageData: %d %d " % im.size)
fp.write(b'%d %d 0 1 1 "%s"\n' % operator)
# image header
fp.write(b"gsave\n")
fp.write(b"10 dict begin\n")
fp.write(b"/buf %d string def\n" % (im.size[0] * operator[1]))
fp.write(b"%d %d scale\n" % im.size)
fp.write(b"%d %d 8\n" % im.size) # <= bits
fp.write(b"[%d 0 0 -%d 0 %d]\n" % (im.size[0], im.size[1], im.size[1]))
fp.write(b"{ currentfile buf readhexstring pop } bind\n")
fp.write(operator[2] + b"\n")
if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
fp.flush()
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("eps", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, None)])
fp.write(b"\n%%%%EndBinary\n")
fp.write(b"grestore end\n")
if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
fp.flush()
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open(EpsImageFile.format, EpsImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(EpsImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extensions(EpsImageFile.format, [".ps", ".eps"])
Image.register_mime(EpsImageFile.format, "application/postscript")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# EXIF tags
#
# Copyright (c) 2003 by Secret Labs AB
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
This module provides constants and clear-text names for various
well-known EXIF tags.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from enum import IntEnum
class Base(IntEnum):
# possibly incomplete
InteropIndex = 0x0001
ProcessingSoftware = 0x000B
NewSubfileType = 0x00FE
SubfileType = 0x00FF
ImageWidth = 0x0100
ImageLength = 0x0101
BitsPerSample = 0x0102
Compression = 0x0103
PhotometricInterpretation = 0x0106
Thresholding = 0x0107
CellWidth = 0x0108
CellLength = 0x0109
FillOrder = 0x010A
DocumentName = 0x010D
ImageDescription = 0x010E
Make = 0x010F
Model = 0x0110
StripOffsets = 0x0111
Orientation = 0x0112
SamplesPerPixel = 0x0115
RowsPerStrip = 0x0116
StripByteCounts = 0x0117
MinSampleValue = 0x0118
MaxSampleValue = 0x0119
XResolution = 0x011A
YResolution = 0x011B
PlanarConfiguration = 0x011C
PageName = 0x011D
FreeOffsets = 0x0120
FreeByteCounts = 0x0121
GrayResponseUnit = 0x0122
GrayResponseCurve = 0x0123
T4Options = 0x0124
T6Options = 0x0125
ResolutionUnit = 0x0128
PageNumber = 0x0129
TransferFunction = 0x012D
Software = 0x0131
DateTime = 0x0132
Artist = 0x013B
HostComputer = 0x013C
Predictor = 0x013D
WhitePoint = 0x013E
PrimaryChromaticities = 0x013F
ColorMap = 0x0140
HalftoneHints = 0x0141
TileWidth = 0x0142
TileLength = 0x0143
TileOffsets = 0x0144
TileByteCounts = 0x0145
SubIFDs = 0x014A
InkSet = 0x014C
InkNames = 0x014D
NumberOfInks = 0x014E
DotRange = 0x0150
TargetPrinter = 0x0151
ExtraSamples = 0x0152
SampleFormat = 0x0153
SMinSampleValue = 0x0154
SMaxSampleValue = 0x0155
TransferRange = 0x0156
ClipPath = 0x0157
XClipPathUnits = 0x0158
YClipPathUnits = 0x0159
Indexed = 0x015A
JPEGTables = 0x015B
OPIProxy = 0x015F
JPEGProc = 0x0200
JpegIFOffset = 0x0201
JpegIFByteCount = 0x0202
JpegRestartInterval = 0x0203
JpegLosslessPredictors = 0x0205
JpegPointTransforms = 0x0206
JpegQTables = 0x0207
JpegDCTables = 0x0208
JpegACTables = 0x0209
YCbCrCoefficients = 0x0211
YCbCrSubSampling = 0x0212
YCbCrPositioning = 0x0213
ReferenceBlackWhite = 0x0214
XMLPacket = 0x02BC
RelatedImageFileFormat = 0x1000
RelatedImageWidth = 0x1001
RelatedImageLength = 0x1002
Rating = 0x4746
RatingPercent = 0x4749
ImageID = 0x800D
CFARepeatPatternDim = 0x828D
BatteryLevel = 0x828F
Copyright = 0x8298
ExposureTime = 0x829A
FNumber = 0x829D
IPTCNAA = 0x83BB
ImageResources = 0x8649
ExifOffset = 0x8769
InterColorProfile = 0x8773
ExposureProgram = 0x8822
SpectralSensitivity = 0x8824
GPSInfo = 0x8825
ISOSpeedRatings = 0x8827
OECF = 0x8828
Interlace = 0x8829
TimeZoneOffset = 0x882A
SelfTimerMode = 0x882B
SensitivityType = 0x8830
StandardOutputSensitivity = 0x8831
RecommendedExposureIndex = 0x8832
ISOSpeed = 0x8833
ISOSpeedLatitudeyyy = 0x8834
ISOSpeedLatitudezzz = 0x8835
ExifVersion = 0x9000
DateTimeOriginal = 0x9003
DateTimeDigitized = 0x9004
OffsetTime = 0x9010
OffsetTimeOriginal = 0x9011
OffsetTimeDigitized = 0x9012
ComponentsConfiguration = 0x9101
CompressedBitsPerPixel = 0x9102
ShutterSpeedValue = 0x9201
ApertureValue = 0x9202
BrightnessValue = 0x9203
ExposureBiasValue = 0x9204
MaxApertureValue = 0x9205
SubjectDistance = 0x9206
MeteringMode = 0x9207
LightSource = 0x9208
Flash = 0x9209
FocalLength = 0x920A
Noise = 0x920D
ImageNumber = 0x9211
SecurityClassification = 0x9212
ImageHistory = 0x9213
TIFFEPStandardID = 0x9216
MakerNote = 0x927C
UserComment = 0x9286
SubsecTime = 0x9290
SubsecTimeOriginal = 0x9291
SubsecTimeDigitized = 0x9292
AmbientTemperature = 0x9400
Humidity = 0x9401
Pressure = 0x9402
WaterDepth = 0x9403
Acceleration = 0x9404
CameraElevationAngle = 0x9405
XPTitle = 0x9C9B
XPComment = 0x9C9C
XPAuthor = 0x9C9D
XPKeywords = 0x9C9E
XPSubject = 0x9C9F
FlashPixVersion = 0xA000
ColorSpace = 0xA001
ExifImageWidth = 0xA002
ExifImageHeight = 0xA003
RelatedSoundFile = 0xA004
ExifInteroperabilityOffset = 0xA005
FlashEnergy = 0xA20B
SpatialFrequencyResponse = 0xA20C
FocalPlaneXResolution = 0xA20E
FocalPlaneYResolution = 0xA20F
FocalPlaneResolutionUnit = 0xA210
SubjectLocation = 0xA214
ExposureIndex = 0xA215
SensingMethod = 0xA217
FileSource = 0xA300
SceneType = 0xA301
CFAPattern = 0xA302
CustomRendered = 0xA401
ExposureMode = 0xA402
WhiteBalance = 0xA403
DigitalZoomRatio = 0xA404
FocalLengthIn35mmFilm = 0xA405
SceneCaptureType = 0xA406
GainControl = 0xA407
Contrast = 0xA408
Saturation = 0xA409
Sharpness = 0xA40A
DeviceSettingDescription = 0xA40B
SubjectDistanceRange = 0xA40C
ImageUniqueID = 0xA420
CameraOwnerName = 0xA430
BodySerialNumber = 0xA431
LensSpecification = 0xA432
LensMake = 0xA433
LensModel = 0xA434
LensSerialNumber = 0xA435
CompositeImage = 0xA460
CompositeImageCount = 0xA461
CompositeImageExposureTimes = 0xA462
Gamma = 0xA500
PrintImageMatching = 0xC4A5
DNGVersion = 0xC612
DNGBackwardVersion = 0xC613
UniqueCameraModel = 0xC614
LocalizedCameraModel = 0xC615
CFAPlaneColor = 0xC616
CFALayout = 0xC617
LinearizationTable = 0xC618
BlackLevelRepeatDim = 0xC619
BlackLevel = 0xC61A
BlackLevelDeltaH = 0xC61B
BlackLevelDeltaV = 0xC61C
WhiteLevel = 0xC61D
DefaultScale = 0xC61E
DefaultCropOrigin = 0xC61F
DefaultCropSize = 0xC620
ColorMatrix1 = 0xC621
ColorMatrix2 = 0xC622
CameraCalibration1 = 0xC623
CameraCalibration2 = 0xC624
ReductionMatrix1 = 0xC625
ReductionMatrix2 = 0xC626
AnalogBalance = 0xC627
AsShotNeutral = 0xC628
AsShotWhiteXY = 0xC629
BaselineExposure = 0xC62A
BaselineNoise = 0xC62B
BaselineSharpness = 0xC62C
BayerGreenSplit = 0xC62D
LinearResponseLimit = 0xC62E
CameraSerialNumber = 0xC62F
LensInfo = 0xC630
ChromaBlurRadius = 0xC631
AntiAliasStrength = 0xC632
ShadowScale = 0xC633
DNGPrivateData = 0xC634
MakerNoteSafety = 0xC635
CalibrationIlluminant1 = 0xC65A
CalibrationIlluminant2 = 0xC65B
BestQualityScale = 0xC65C
RawDataUniqueID = 0xC65D
OriginalRawFileName = 0xC68B
OriginalRawFileData = 0xC68C
ActiveArea = 0xC68D
MaskedAreas = 0xC68E
AsShotICCProfile = 0xC68F
AsShotPreProfileMatrix = 0xC690
CurrentICCProfile = 0xC691
CurrentPreProfileMatrix = 0xC692
ColorimetricReference = 0xC6BF
CameraCalibrationSignature = 0xC6F3
ProfileCalibrationSignature = 0xC6F4
AsShotProfileName = 0xC6F6
NoiseReductionApplied = 0xC6F7
ProfileName = 0xC6F8
ProfileHueSatMapDims = 0xC6F9
ProfileHueSatMapData1 = 0xC6FA
ProfileHueSatMapData2 = 0xC6FB
ProfileToneCurve = 0xC6FC
ProfileEmbedPolicy = 0xC6FD
ProfileCopyright = 0xC6FE
ForwardMatrix1 = 0xC714
ForwardMatrix2 = 0xC715
PreviewApplicationName = 0xC716
PreviewApplicationVersion = 0xC717
PreviewSettingsName = 0xC718
PreviewSettingsDigest = 0xC719
PreviewColorSpace = 0xC71A
PreviewDateTime = 0xC71B
RawImageDigest = 0xC71C
OriginalRawFileDigest = 0xC71D
SubTileBlockSize = 0xC71E
RowInterleaveFactor = 0xC71F
ProfileLookTableDims = 0xC725
ProfileLookTableData = 0xC726
OpcodeList1 = 0xC740
OpcodeList2 = 0xC741
OpcodeList3 = 0xC74E
NoiseProfile = 0xC761
"""Maps EXIF tags to tag names."""
TAGS = {
**{i.value: i.name for i in Base},
0x920C: "SpatialFrequencyResponse",
0x9214: "SubjectLocation",
0x9215: "ExposureIndex",
0x828E: "CFAPattern",
0x920B: "FlashEnergy",
0x9216: "TIFF/EPStandardID",
}
class GPS(IntEnum):
GPSVersionID = 0
GPSLatitudeRef = 1
GPSLatitude = 2
GPSLongitudeRef = 3
GPSLongitude = 4
GPSAltitudeRef = 5
GPSAltitude = 6
GPSTimeStamp = 7
GPSSatellites = 8
GPSStatus = 9
GPSMeasureMode = 10
GPSDOP = 11
GPSSpeedRef = 12
GPSSpeed = 13
GPSTrackRef = 14
GPSTrack = 15
GPSImgDirectionRef = 16
GPSImgDirection = 17
GPSMapDatum = 18
GPSDestLatitudeRef = 19
GPSDestLatitude = 20
GPSDestLongitudeRef = 21
GPSDestLongitude = 22
GPSDestBearingRef = 23
GPSDestBearing = 24
GPSDestDistanceRef = 25
GPSDestDistance = 26
GPSProcessingMethod = 27
GPSAreaInformation = 28
GPSDateStamp = 29
GPSDifferential = 30
GPSHPositioningError = 31
"""Maps EXIF GPS tags to tag names."""
GPSTAGS = {i.value: i.name for i in GPS}
class Interop(IntEnum):
InteropIndex = 1
InteropVersion = 2
RelatedImageFileFormat = 4096
RelatedImageWidth = 4097
RelatedImageHeight = 4098
class IFD(IntEnum):
Exif = 34665
GPSInfo = 34853
Makernote = 37500
Interop = 40965
IFD1 = -1
class LightSource(IntEnum):
Unknown = 0
Daylight = 1
Fluorescent = 2
Tungsten = 3
Flash = 4
Fine = 9
Cloudy = 10
Shade = 11
DaylightFluorescent = 12
DayWhiteFluorescent = 13
CoolWhiteFluorescent = 14
WhiteFluorescent = 15
StandardLightA = 17
StandardLightB = 18
StandardLightC = 19
D55 = 20
D65 = 21
D75 = 22
D50 = 23
ISO = 24
Other = 255

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# FITS file handling
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import gzip
import math
from . import Image, ImageFile
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:6] == b"SIMPLE"
class FitsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FITS"
format_description = "FITS"
def _open(self) -> None:
assert self.fp is not None
headers: dict[bytes, bytes] = {}
header_in_progress = False
decoder_name = ""
while True:
header = self.fp.read(80)
if not header:
msg = "Truncated FITS file"
raise OSError(msg)
keyword = header[:8].strip()
if keyword in (b"SIMPLE", b"XTENSION"):
header_in_progress = True
elif headers and not header_in_progress:
# This is now a data unit
break
elif keyword == b"END":
# Seek to the end of the header unit
self.fp.seek(math.ceil(self.fp.tell() / 2880) * 2880)
if not decoder_name:
decoder_name, offset, args = self._parse_headers(headers)
header_in_progress = False
continue
if decoder_name:
# Keep going to read past the headers
continue
value = header[8:].split(b"/")[0].strip()
if value.startswith(b"="):
value = value[1:].strip()
if not headers and (not _accept(keyword) or value != b"T"):
msg = "Not a FITS file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
headers[keyword] = value
if not decoder_name:
msg = "No image data"
raise ValueError(msg)
offset += self.fp.tell() - 80
self.tile = [(decoder_name, (0, 0) + self.size, offset, args)]
def _get_size(
self, headers: dict[bytes, bytes], prefix: bytes
) -> tuple[int, int] | None:
naxis = int(headers[prefix + b"NAXIS"])
if naxis == 0:
return None
if naxis == 1:
return 1, int(headers[prefix + b"NAXIS1"])
else:
return int(headers[prefix + b"NAXIS1"]), int(headers[prefix + b"NAXIS2"])
def _parse_headers(
self, headers: dict[bytes, bytes]
) -> tuple[str, int, tuple[str | int, ...]]:
prefix = b""
decoder_name = "raw"
offset = 0
if (
headers.get(b"XTENSION") == b"'BINTABLE'"
and headers.get(b"ZIMAGE") == b"T"
and headers[b"ZCMPTYPE"] == b"'GZIP_1 '"
):
no_prefix_size = self._get_size(headers, prefix) or (0, 0)
number_of_bits = int(headers[b"BITPIX"])
offset = no_prefix_size[0] * no_prefix_size[1] * (number_of_bits // 8)
prefix = b"Z"
decoder_name = "fits_gzip"
size = self._get_size(headers, prefix)
if not size:
return "", 0, ()
self._size = size
number_of_bits = int(headers[prefix + b"BITPIX"])
if number_of_bits == 8:
self._mode = "L"
elif number_of_bits == 16:
self._mode = "I;16"
elif number_of_bits == 32:
self._mode = "I"
elif number_of_bits in (-32, -64):
self._mode = "F"
args: tuple[str | int, ...]
if decoder_name == "raw":
args = (self.mode, 0, -1)
else:
args = (number_of_bits,)
return decoder_name, offset, args
class FitsGzipDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
_pulls_fd = True
def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
assert self.fd is not None
value = gzip.decompress(self.fd.read())
rows = []
offset = 0
number_of_bits = min(self.args[0] // 8, 4)
for y in range(self.state.ysize):
row = bytearray()
for x in range(self.state.xsize):
row += value[offset + (4 - number_of_bits) : offset + 4]
offset += 4
rows.append(row)
self.set_as_raw(bytes([pixel for row in rows[::-1] for pixel in row]))
return -1, 0
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(FitsImageFile.format, FitsImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_decoder("fits_gzip", FitsGzipDecoder)
Image.register_extensions(FitsImageFile.format, [".fit", ".fits"])

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# FLI/FLC file handling.
#
# History:
# 95-09-01 fl Created
# 97-01-03 fl Fixed parser, setup decoder tile
# 98-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-98.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import os
from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
from ._binary import i16le as i16
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from ._binary import o8
#
# decoder
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return (
len(prefix) >= 6
and i16(prefix, 4) in [0xAF11, 0xAF12]
and i16(prefix, 14) in [0, 3] # flags
)
##
# Image plugin for the FLI/FLC animation format. Use the <b>seek</b>
# method to load individual frames.
class FliImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FLI"
format_description = "Autodesk FLI/FLC Animation"
_close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
def _open(self):
# HEAD
s = self.fp.read(128)
if not (_accept(s) and s[20:22] == b"\x00\x00"):
msg = "not an FLI/FLC file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
# frames
self.n_frames = i16(s, 6)
self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1
# image characteristics
self._mode = "P"
self._size = i16(s, 8), i16(s, 10)
# animation speed
duration = i32(s, 16)
magic = i16(s, 4)
if magic == 0xAF11:
duration = (duration * 1000) // 70
self.info["duration"] = duration
# look for palette
palette = [(a, a, a) for a in range(256)]
s = self.fp.read(16)
self.__offset = 128
if i16(s, 4) == 0xF100:
# prefix chunk; ignore it
self.__offset = self.__offset + i32(s)
self.fp.seek(self.__offset)
s = self.fp.read(16)
if i16(s, 4) == 0xF1FA:
# look for palette chunk
number_of_subchunks = i16(s, 6)
chunk_size = None
for _ in range(number_of_subchunks):
if chunk_size is not None:
self.fp.seek(chunk_size - 6, os.SEEK_CUR)
s = self.fp.read(6)
chunk_type = i16(s, 4)
if chunk_type in (4, 11):
self._palette(palette, 2 if chunk_type == 11 else 0)
break
chunk_size = i32(s)
if not chunk_size:
break
palette = [o8(r) + o8(g) + o8(b) for (r, g, b) in palette]
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", b"".join(palette))
# set things up to decode first frame
self.__frame = -1
self._fp = self.fp
self.__rewind = self.fp.tell()
self.seek(0)
def _palette(self, palette, shift):
# load palette
i = 0
for e in range(i16(self.fp.read(2))):
s = self.fp.read(2)
i = i + s[0]
n = s[1]
if n == 0:
n = 256
s = self.fp.read(n * 3)
for n in range(0, len(s), 3):
r = s[n] << shift
g = s[n + 1] << shift
b = s[n + 2] << shift
palette[i] = (r, g, b)
i += 1
def seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
if not self._seek_check(frame):
return
if frame < self.__frame:
self._seek(0)
for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):
self._seek(f)
def _seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
if frame == 0:
self.__frame = -1
self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)
self.__offset = 128
else:
# ensure that the previous frame was loaded
self.load()
if frame != self.__frame + 1:
msg = f"cannot seek to frame {frame}"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.__frame = frame
# move to next frame
self.fp = self._fp
self.fp.seek(self.__offset)
s = self.fp.read(4)
if not s:
msg = "missing frame size"
raise EOFError(msg)
framesize = i32(s)
self.decodermaxblock = framesize
self.tile = [("fli", (0, 0) + self.size, self.__offset, None)]
self.__offset += framesize
def tell(self) -> int:
return self.__frame
#
# registry
Image.register_open(FliImageFile.format, FliImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extensions(FliImageFile.format, [".fli", ".flc"])

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# base class for raster font file parsers
#
# history:
# 1997-06-05 fl created
# 1997-08-19 fl restrict image width
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-1998 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1997-1998 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import os
from typing import BinaryIO
from . import Image, _binary
WIDTH = 800
def puti16(
fp: BinaryIO, values: tuple[int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int]
) -> None:
"""Write network order (big-endian) 16-bit sequence"""
for v in values:
if v < 0:
v += 65536
fp.write(_binary.o16be(v))
class FontFile:
"""Base class for raster font file handlers."""
bitmap: Image.Image | None = None
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.info: dict[bytes, bytes | int] = {}
self.glyph: list[
tuple[
tuple[int, int],
tuple[int, int, int, int],
tuple[int, int, int, int],
Image.Image,
]
| None
] = [None] * 256
def __getitem__(self, ix: int) -> (
tuple[
tuple[int, int],
tuple[int, int, int, int],
tuple[int, int, int, int],
Image.Image,
]
| None
):
return self.glyph[ix]
def compile(self) -> None:
"""Create metrics and bitmap"""
if self.bitmap:
return
# create bitmap large enough to hold all data
h = w = maxwidth = 0
lines = 1
for glyph in self.glyph:
if glyph:
d, dst, src, im = glyph
h = max(h, src[3] - src[1])
w = w + (src[2] - src[0])
if w > WIDTH:
lines += 1
w = src[2] - src[0]
maxwidth = max(maxwidth, w)
xsize = maxwidth
ysize = lines * h
if xsize == 0 and ysize == 0:
return
self.ysize = h
# paste glyphs into bitmap
self.bitmap = Image.new("1", (xsize, ysize))
self.metrics: list[
tuple[tuple[int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int]]
| None
] = [None] * 256
x = y = 0
for i in range(256):
glyph = self[i]
if glyph:
d, dst, src, im = glyph
xx = src[2] - src[0]
x0, y0 = x, y
x = x + xx
if x > WIDTH:
x, y = 0, y + h
x0, y0 = x, y
x = xx
s = src[0] + x0, src[1] + y0, src[2] + x0, src[3] + y0
self.bitmap.paste(im.crop(src), s)
self.metrics[i] = d, dst, s
def save(self, filename: str) -> None:
"""Save font"""
self.compile()
# font data
if not self.bitmap:
msg = "No bitmap created"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.bitmap.save(os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ".pbm", "PNG")
# font metrics
with open(os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ".pil", "wb") as fp:
fp.write(b"PILfont\n")
fp.write(f";;;;;;{self.ysize};\n".encode("ascii")) # HACK!!!
fp.write(b"DATA\n")
for id in range(256):
m = self.metrics[id]
if not m:
puti16(fp, (0,) * 10)
else:
puti16(fp, m[0] + m[1] + m[2])

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#
# THIS IS WORK IN PROGRESS
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# FlashPix support for PIL
#
# History:
# 97-01-25 fl Created (reads uncompressed RGB images only)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import olefile
from . import Image, ImageFile
from ._binary import i32le as i32
# we map from colour field tuples to (mode, rawmode) descriptors
MODES = {
# opacity
(0x00007FFE,): ("A", "L"),
# monochrome
(0x00010000,): ("L", "L"),
(0x00018000, 0x00017FFE): ("RGBA", "LA"),
# photo YCC
(0x00020000, 0x00020001, 0x00020002): ("RGB", "YCC;P"),
(0x00028000, 0x00028001, 0x00028002, 0x00027FFE): ("RGBA", "YCCA;P"),
# standard RGB (NIFRGB)
(0x00030000, 0x00030001, 0x00030002): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(0x00038000, 0x00038001, 0x00038002, 0x00037FFE): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
}
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:8] == olefile.MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for the FlashPix images.
class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FPX"
format_description = "FlashPix"
def _open(self):
#
# read the OLE directory and see if this is a likely
# to be a FlashPix file
try:
self.ole = olefile.OleFileIO(self.fp)
except OSError as e:
msg = "not an FPX file; invalid OLE file"
raise SyntaxError(msg) from e
if self.ole.root.clsid != "56616700-C154-11CE-8553-00AA00A1F95B":
msg = "not an FPX file; bad root CLSID"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self._open_index(1)
def _open_index(self, index: int = 1) -> None:
#
# get the Image Contents Property Set
prop = self.ole.getproperties(
[f"Data Object Store {index:06d}", "\005Image Contents"]
)
# size (highest resolution)
self._size = prop[0x1000002], prop[0x1000003]
size = max(self.size)
i = 1
while size > 64:
size = size // 2
i += 1
self.maxid = i - 1
# mode. instead of using a single field for this, flashpix
# requires you to specify the mode for each channel in each
# resolution subimage, and leaves it to the decoder to make
# sure that they all match. for now, we'll cheat and assume
# that this is always the case.
id = self.maxid << 16
s = prop[0x2000002 | id]
bands = i32(s, 4)
if bands > 4:
msg = "Invalid number of bands"
raise OSError(msg)
# note: for now, we ignore the "uncalibrated" flag
colors = tuple(i32(s, 8 + i * 4) & 0x7FFFFFFF for i in range(bands))
self._mode, self.rawmode = MODES[colors]
# load JPEG tables, if any
self.jpeg = {}
for i in range(256):
id = 0x3000001 | (i << 16)
if id in prop:
self.jpeg[i] = prop[id]
self._open_subimage(1, self.maxid)
def _open_subimage(self, index: int = 1, subimage: int = 0) -> None:
#
# setup tile descriptors for a given subimage
stream = [
f"Data Object Store {index:06d}",
f"Resolution {subimage:04d}",
"Subimage 0000 Header",
]
fp = self.ole.openstream(stream)
# skip prefix
fp.read(28)
# header stream
s = fp.read(36)
size = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)
# tilecount = i32(s, 12)
tilesize = i32(s, 16), i32(s, 20)
# channels = i32(s, 24)
offset = i32(s, 28)
length = i32(s, 32)
if size != self.size:
msg = "subimage mismatch"
raise OSError(msg)
# get tile descriptors
fp.seek(28 + offset)
s = fp.read(i32(s, 12) * length)
x = y = 0
xsize, ysize = size
xtile, ytile = tilesize
self.tile = []
for i in range(0, len(s), length):
x1 = min(xsize, x + xtile)
y1 = min(ysize, y + ytile)
compression = i32(s, i + 8)
if compression == 0:
self.tile.append(
(
"raw",
(x, y, x1, y1),
i32(s, i) + 28,
(self.rawmode,),
)
)
elif compression == 1:
# FIXME: the fill decoder is not implemented
self.tile.append(
(
"fill",
(x, y, x1, y1),
i32(s, i) + 28,
(self.rawmode, s[12:16]),
)
)
elif compression == 2:
internal_color_conversion = s[14]
jpeg_tables = s[15]
rawmode = self.rawmode
if internal_color_conversion:
# The image is stored as usual (usually YCbCr).
if rawmode == "RGBA":
# For "RGBA", data is stored as YCbCrA based on
# negative RGB. The following trick works around
# this problem :
jpegmode, rawmode = "YCbCrK", "CMYK"
else:
jpegmode = None # let the decoder decide
else:
# The image is stored as defined by rawmode
jpegmode = rawmode
self.tile.append(
(
"jpeg",
(x, y, x1, y1),
i32(s, i) + 28,
(rawmode, jpegmode),
)
)
# FIXME: jpeg tables are tile dependent; the prefix
# data must be placed in the tile descriptor itself!
if jpeg_tables:
self.tile_prefix = self.jpeg[jpeg_tables]
else:
msg = "unknown/invalid compression"
raise OSError(msg)
x = x + xtile
if x >= xsize:
x, y = 0, y + ytile
if y >= ysize:
break # isn't really required
self.stream = stream
self._fp = self.fp
self.fp = None
def load(self):
if not self.fp:
self.fp = self.ole.openstream(self.stream[:2] + ["Subimage 0000 Data"])
return ImageFile.ImageFile.load(self)
def close(self) -> None:
self.ole.close()
super().close()
def __exit__(self, *args: object) -> None:
self.ole.close()
super().__exit__()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open(FpxImageFile.format, FpxImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(FpxImageFile.format, ".fpx")

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"""
A Pillow loader for .ftc and .ftu files (FTEX)
Jerome Leclanche <jerome@leclan.ch>
The contents of this file are hereby released in the public domain (CC0)
Full text of the CC0 license:
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Independence War 2: Edge Of Chaos - Texture File Format - 16 October 2001
The textures used for 3D objects in Independence War 2: Edge Of Chaos are in a
packed custom format called FTEX. This file format uses file extensions FTC
and FTU.
* FTC files are compressed textures (using standard texture compression).
* FTU files are not compressed.
Texture File Format
The FTC and FTU texture files both use the same format. This
has the following structure:
{header}
{format_directory}
{data}
Where:
{header} = {
u32:magic,
u32:version,
u32:width,
u32:height,
u32:mipmap_count,
u32:format_count
}
* The "magic" number is "FTEX".
* "width" and "height" are the dimensions of the texture.
* "mipmap_count" is the number of mipmaps in the texture.
* "format_count" is the number of texture formats (different versions of the
same texture) in this file.
{format_directory} = format_count * { u32:format, u32:where }
The format value is 0 for DXT1 compressed textures and 1 for 24-bit RGB
uncompressed textures.
The texture data for a format starts at the position "where" in the file.
Each set of texture data in the file has the following structure:
{data} = format_count * { u32:mipmap_size, mipmap_size * { u8 } }
* "mipmap_size" is the number of bytes in that mip level. For compressed
textures this is the size of the texture data compressed with DXT1. For 24 bit
uncompressed textures, this is 3 * width * height. Following this are the image
bytes for that mipmap level.
Note: All data is stored in little-Endian (Intel) byte order.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import struct
from enum import IntEnum
from io import BytesIO
from . import Image, ImageFile
MAGIC = b"FTEX"
class Format(IntEnum):
DXT1 = 0
UNCOMPRESSED = 1
class FtexImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FTEX"
format_description = "Texture File Format (IW2:EOC)"
def _open(self) -> None:
if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
msg = "not an FTEX file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
struct.unpack("<i", self.fp.read(4)) # version
self._size = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
mipmap_count, format_count = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
self._mode = "RGB"
# Only support single-format files.
# I don't know of any multi-format file.
assert format_count == 1
format, where = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
self.fp.seek(where)
(mipmap_size,) = struct.unpack("<i", self.fp.read(4))
data = self.fp.read(mipmap_size)
if format == Format.DXT1:
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.tile = [("bcn", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, 1)]
elif format == Format.UNCOMPRESSED:
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, ("RGB", 0, 1))]
else:
msg = f"Invalid texture compression format: {repr(format)}"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.fp.close()
self.fp = BytesIO(data)
def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
pass
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == MAGIC
Image.register_open(FtexImageFile.format, FtexImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extensions(FtexImageFile.format, [".ftc", ".ftu"])

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
#
# load a GIMP brush file
#
# History:
# 96-03-14 fl Created
# 16-01-08 es Version 2
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
# Copyright (c) Eric Soroos 2016.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
#
# See https://github.com/GNOME/gimp/blob/mainline/devel-docs/gbr.txt for
# format documentation.
#
# This code Interprets version 1 and 2 .gbr files.
# Version 1 files are obsolete, and should not be used for new
# brushes.
# Version 2 files are saved by GIMP v2.8 (at least)
# Version 3 files have a format specifier of 18 for 16bit floats in
# the color depth field. This is currently unsupported by Pillow.
from __future__ import annotations
from . import Image, ImageFile
from ._binary import i32be as i32
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return len(prefix) >= 8 and i32(prefix, 0) >= 20 and i32(prefix, 4) in (1, 2)
##
# Image plugin for the GIMP brush format.
class GbrImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "GBR"
format_description = "GIMP brush file"
def _open(self) -> None:
header_size = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if header_size < 20:
msg = "not a GIMP brush"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
version = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if version not in (1, 2):
msg = f"Unsupported GIMP brush version: {version}"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
width = i32(self.fp.read(4))
height = i32(self.fp.read(4))
color_depth = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if width <= 0 or height <= 0:
msg = "not a GIMP brush"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if color_depth not in (1, 4):
msg = f"Unsupported GIMP brush color depth: {color_depth}"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if version == 1:
comment_length = header_size - 20
else:
comment_length = header_size - 28
magic_number = self.fp.read(4)
if magic_number != b"GIMP":
msg = "not a GIMP brush, bad magic number"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.info["spacing"] = i32(self.fp.read(4))
comment = self.fp.read(comment_length)[:-1]
if color_depth == 1:
self._mode = "L"
else:
self._mode = "RGBA"
self._size = width, height
self.info["comment"] = comment
# Image might not be small
Image._decompression_bomb_check(self.size)
# Data is an uncompressed block of w * h * bytes/pixel
self._data_size = width * height * color_depth
def load(self):
if not self.im:
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
self.frombytes(self.fp.read(self._data_size))
return Image.Image.load(self)
#
# registry
Image.register_open(GbrImageFile.format, GbrImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(GbrImageFile.format, ".gbr")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# GD file handling
#
# History:
# 1996-04-12 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
.. note::
This format cannot be automatically recognized, so the
class is not registered for use with :py:func:`PIL.Image.open()`. To open a
gd file, use the :py:func:`PIL.GdImageFile.open()` function instead.
.. warning::
THE GD FORMAT IS NOT DESIGNED FOR DATA INTERCHANGE. This
implementation is provided for convenience and demonstrational
purposes only.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import IO
from . import ImageFile, ImagePalette, UnidentifiedImageError
from ._binary import i16be as i16
from ._binary import i32be as i32
from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
class GdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
Image plugin for the GD uncompressed format. Note that this format
is not supported by the standard :py:func:`PIL.Image.open()` function. To use
this plugin, you have to import the :py:mod:`PIL.GdImageFile` module and
use the :py:func:`PIL.GdImageFile.open()` function.
"""
format = "GD"
format_description = "GD uncompressed images"
def _open(self) -> None:
# Header
assert self.fp is not None
s = self.fp.read(1037)
if i16(s) not in [65534, 65535]:
msg = "Not a valid GD 2.x .gd file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self._mode = "L" # FIXME: "P"
self._size = i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)
true_color = s[6]
true_color_offset = 2 if true_color else 0
# transparency index
tindex = i32(s, 7 + true_color_offset)
if tindex < 256:
self.info["transparency"] = tindex
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"XBGR", s[7 + true_color_offset + 4 : 7 + true_color_offset + 4 + 256 * 4]
)
self.tile = [
(
"raw",
(0, 0) + self.size,
7 + true_color_offset + 4 + 256 * 4,
("L", 0, 1),
)
]
def open(fp: StrOrBytesPath | IO[bytes], mode: str = "r") -> GdImageFile:
"""
Load texture from a GD image file.
:param fp: GD file name, or an opened file handle.
:param mode: Optional mode. In this version, if the mode argument
is given, it must be "r".
:returns: An image instance.
:raises OSError: If the image could not be read.
"""
if mode != "r":
msg = "bad mode"
raise ValueError(msg)
try:
return GdImageFile(fp)
except SyntaxError as e:
msg = "cannot identify this image file"
raise UnidentifiedImageError(msg) from e

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#
# Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# stuff to read (and render) GIMP gradient files
#
# History:
# 97-08-23 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
Stuff to translate curve segments to palette values (derived from
the corresponding code in GIMP, written by Federico Mena Quintero.
See the GIMP distribution for more information.)
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from math import log, pi, sin, sqrt
from typing import IO, Callable
from ._binary import o8
EPSILON = 1e-10
"""""" # Enable auto-doc for data member
def linear(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
if pos <= middle:
if middle < EPSILON:
return 0.0
else:
return 0.5 * pos / middle
else:
pos = pos - middle
middle = 1.0 - middle
if middle < EPSILON:
return 1.0
else:
return 0.5 + 0.5 * pos / middle
def curved(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
return pos ** (log(0.5) / log(max(middle, EPSILON)))
def sine(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
return (sin((-pi / 2.0) + pi * linear(middle, pos)) + 1.0) / 2.0
def sphere_increasing(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
return sqrt(1.0 - (linear(middle, pos) - 1.0) ** 2)
def sphere_decreasing(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
return 1.0 - sqrt(1.0 - linear(middle, pos) ** 2)
SEGMENTS = [linear, curved, sine, sphere_increasing, sphere_decreasing]
"""""" # Enable auto-doc for data member
class GradientFile:
gradient: (
list[
tuple[
float,
float,
float,
list[float],
list[float],
Callable[[float, float], float],
]
]
| None
) = None
def getpalette(self, entries: int = 256) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
assert self.gradient is not None
palette = []
ix = 0
x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
for i in range(entries):
x = i / (entries - 1)
while x1 < x:
ix += 1
x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
w = x1 - x0
if w < EPSILON:
scale = segment(0.5, 0.5)
else:
scale = segment((xm - x0) / w, (x - x0) / w)
# expand to RGBA
r = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[0] - rgb0[0]) * scale + rgb0[0]) + 0.5))
g = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[1] - rgb0[1]) * scale + rgb0[1]) + 0.5))
b = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[2] - rgb0[2]) * scale + rgb0[2]) + 0.5))
a = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[3] - rgb0[3]) * scale + rgb0[3]) + 0.5))
# add to palette
palette.append(r + g + b + a)
return b"".join(palette), "RGBA"
class GimpGradientFile(GradientFile):
"""File handler for GIMP's gradient format."""
def __init__(self, fp: IO[bytes]) -> None:
if fp.readline()[:13] != b"GIMP Gradient":
msg = "not a GIMP gradient file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
line = fp.readline()
# GIMP 1.2 gradient files don't contain a name, but GIMP 1.3 files do
if line.startswith(b"Name: "):
line = fp.readline().strip()
count = int(line)
self.gradient = []
for i in range(count):
s = fp.readline().split()
w = [float(x) for x in s[:11]]
x0, x1 = w[0], w[2]
xm = w[1]
rgb0 = w[3:7]
rgb1 = w[7:11]
segment = SEGMENTS[int(s[11])]
cspace = int(s[12])
if cspace != 0:
msg = "cannot handle HSV colour space"
raise OSError(msg)
self.gradient.append((x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment))

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#
# Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# stuff to read GIMP palette files
#
# History:
# 1997-08-23 fl Created
# 2004-09-07 fl Support GIMP 2.0 palette files.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2004. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997-2004.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import re
from typing import IO
from ._binary import o8
class GimpPaletteFile:
"""File handler for GIMP's palette format."""
rawmode = "RGB"
def __init__(self, fp: IO[bytes]) -> None:
palette = [o8(i) * 3 for i in range(256)]
if fp.readline()[:12] != b"GIMP Palette":
msg = "not a GIMP palette file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
for i in range(256):
s = fp.readline()
if not s:
break
# skip fields and comment lines
if re.match(rb"\w+:|#", s):
continue
if len(s) > 100:
msg = "bad palette file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
v = tuple(map(int, s.split()[:3]))
if len(v) != 3:
msg = "bad palette entry"
raise ValueError(msg)
palette[i] = o8(v[0]) + o8(v[1]) + o8(v[2])
self.palette = b"".join(palette)
def getpalette(self) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
return self.palette, self.rawmode

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# GRIB stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
def register_handler(handler: ImageFile.StubHandler | None) -> None:
"""
Install application-specific GRIB image handler.
:param handler: Handler object.
"""
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == b"GRIB" and prefix[7] == 1
class GribStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "GRIB"
format_description = "GRIB"
def _open(self) -> None:
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
msg = "Not a GRIB file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self._mode = "F"
self._size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self) -> ImageFile.StubHandler | None:
return _handler
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
if _handler is None or not hasattr(_handler, "save"):
msg = "GRIB save handler not installed"
raise OSError(msg)
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(GribStubImageFile.format, GribStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(GribStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(GribStubImageFile.format, ".grib")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# HDF5 stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 2000-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
def register_handler(handler: ImageFile.StubHandler | None) -> None:
"""
Install application-specific HDF5 image handler.
:param handler: Handler object.
"""
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:8] == b"\x89HDF\r\n\x1a\n"
class HDF5StubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "HDF5"
format_description = "HDF5"
def _open(self) -> None:
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
msg = "Not an HDF file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self._mode = "F"
self._size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self) -> ImageFile.StubHandler | None:
return _handler
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
if _handler is None or not hasattr(_handler, "save"):
msg = "HDF5 save handler not installed"
raise OSError(msg)
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(HDF5StubImageFile.format, HDF5StubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(HDF5StubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extensions(HDF5StubImageFile.format, [".h5", ".hdf"])

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# macOS icns file decoder, based on icns.py by Bob Ippolito.
#
# history:
# 2004-10-09 fl Turned into a PIL plugin; removed 2.3 dependencies.
# 2020-04-04 Allow saving on all operating systems.
#
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Bob Ippolito.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Secret Labs.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Fredrik Lundh.
# Copyright (c) 2014 by Alastair Houghton.
# Copyright (c) 2020 by Pan Jing.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import io
import os
import struct
import sys
from typing import IO
from . import Image, ImageFile, PngImagePlugin, features
enable_jpeg2k = features.check_codec("jpg_2000")
if enable_jpeg2k:
from . import Jpeg2KImagePlugin
MAGIC = b"icns"
HEADERSIZE = 8
def nextheader(fobj):
return struct.unpack(">4sI", fobj.read(HEADERSIZE))
def read_32t(fobj, start_length, size):
# The 128x128 icon seems to have an extra header for some reason.
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
sig = fobj.read(4)
if sig != b"\x00\x00\x00\x00":
msg = "Unknown signature, expecting 0x00000000"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
return read_32(fobj, (start + 4, length - 4), size)
def read_32(fobj, start_length, size):
"""
Read a 32bit RGB icon resource. Seems to be either uncompressed or
an RLE packbits-like scheme.
"""
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
pixel_size = (size[0] * size[2], size[1] * size[2])
sizesq = pixel_size[0] * pixel_size[1]
if length == sizesq * 3:
# uncompressed ("RGBRGBGB")
indata = fobj.read(length)
im = Image.frombuffer("RGB", pixel_size, indata, "raw", "RGB", 0, 1)
else:
# decode image
im = Image.new("RGB", pixel_size, None)
for band_ix in range(3):
data = []
bytesleft = sizesq
while bytesleft > 0:
byte = fobj.read(1)
if not byte:
break
byte = byte[0]
if byte & 0x80:
blocksize = byte - 125
byte = fobj.read(1)
for i in range(blocksize):
data.append(byte)
else:
blocksize = byte + 1
data.append(fobj.read(blocksize))
bytesleft -= blocksize
if bytesleft <= 0:
break
if bytesleft != 0:
msg = f"Error reading channel [{repr(bytesleft)} left]"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
band = Image.frombuffer("L", pixel_size, b"".join(data), "raw", "L", 0, 1)
im.im.putband(band.im, band_ix)
return {"RGB": im}
def read_mk(fobj, start_length, size):
# Alpha masks seem to be uncompressed
start = start_length[0]
fobj.seek(start)
pixel_size = (size[0] * size[2], size[1] * size[2])
sizesq = pixel_size[0] * pixel_size[1]
band = Image.frombuffer("L", pixel_size, fobj.read(sizesq), "raw", "L", 0, 1)
return {"A": band}
def read_png_or_jpeg2000(fobj, start_length, size):
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
sig = fobj.read(12)
if sig[:8] == b"\x89PNG\x0d\x0a\x1a\x0a":
fobj.seek(start)
im = PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(fobj)
Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
return {"RGBA": im}
elif (
sig[:4] == b"\xff\x4f\xff\x51"
or sig[:4] == b"\x0d\x0a\x87\x0a"
or sig == b"\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP \x0d\x0a\x87\x0a"
):
if not enable_jpeg2k:
msg = (
"Unsupported icon subimage format (rebuild PIL "
"with JPEG 2000 support to fix this)"
)
raise ValueError(msg)
# j2k, jpc or j2c
fobj.seek(start)
jp2kstream = fobj.read(length)
f = io.BytesIO(jp2kstream)
im = Jpeg2KImagePlugin.Jpeg2KImageFile(f)
Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
if im.mode != "RGBA":
im = im.convert("RGBA")
return {"RGBA": im}
else:
msg = "Unsupported icon subimage format"
raise ValueError(msg)
class IcnsFile:
SIZES = {
(512, 512, 2): [(b"ic10", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(512, 512, 1): [(b"ic09", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(256, 256, 2): [(b"ic14", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(256, 256, 1): [(b"ic08", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(128, 128, 2): [(b"ic13", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(128, 128, 1): [
(b"ic07", read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b"it32", read_32t),
(b"t8mk", read_mk),
],
(64, 64, 1): [(b"icp6", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(32, 32, 2): [(b"ic12", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(48, 48, 1): [(b"ih32", read_32), (b"h8mk", read_mk)],
(32, 32, 1): [
(b"icp5", read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b"il32", read_32),
(b"l8mk", read_mk),
],
(16, 16, 2): [(b"ic11", read_png_or_jpeg2000)],
(16, 16, 1): [
(b"icp4", read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b"is32", read_32),
(b"s8mk", read_mk),
],
}
def __init__(self, fobj):
"""
fobj is a file-like object as an icns resource
"""
# signature : (start, length)
self.dct = dct = {}
self.fobj = fobj
sig, filesize = nextheader(fobj)
if not _accept(sig):
msg = "not an icns file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
i = HEADERSIZE
while i < filesize:
sig, blocksize = nextheader(fobj)
if blocksize <= 0:
msg = "invalid block header"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
i += HEADERSIZE
blocksize -= HEADERSIZE
dct[sig] = (i, blocksize)
fobj.seek(blocksize, io.SEEK_CUR)
i += blocksize
def itersizes(self):
sizes = []
for size, fmts in self.SIZES.items():
for fmt, reader in fmts:
if fmt in self.dct:
sizes.append(size)
break
return sizes
def bestsize(self):
sizes = self.itersizes()
if not sizes:
msg = "No 32bit icon resources found"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
return max(sizes)
def dataforsize(self, size):
"""
Get an icon resource as {channel: array}. Note that
the arrays are bottom-up like windows bitmaps and will likely
need to be flipped or transposed in some way.
"""
dct = {}
for code, reader in self.SIZES[size]:
desc = self.dct.get(code)
if desc is not None:
dct.update(reader(self.fobj, desc, size))
return dct
def getimage(self, size=None):
if size is None:
size = self.bestsize()
if len(size) == 2:
size = (size[0], size[1], 1)
channels = self.dataforsize(size)
im = channels.get("RGBA", None)
if im:
return im
im = channels.get("RGB").copy()
try:
im.putalpha(channels["A"])
except KeyError:
pass
return im
##
# Image plugin for Mac OS icons.
class IcnsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
PIL image support for Mac OS .icns files.
Chooses the best resolution, but will possibly load
a different size image if you mutate the size attribute
before calling 'load'.
The info dictionary has a key 'sizes' that is a list
of sizes that the icns file has.
"""
format = "ICNS"
format_description = "Mac OS icns resource"
def _open(self) -> None:
self.icns = IcnsFile(self.fp)
self._mode = "RGBA"
self.info["sizes"] = self.icns.itersizes()
self.best_size = self.icns.bestsize()
self.size = (
self.best_size[0] * self.best_size[2],
self.best_size[1] * self.best_size[2],
)
@property
def size(self):
return self._size
@size.setter
def size(self, value):
info_size = value
if info_size not in self.info["sizes"] and len(info_size) == 2:
info_size = (info_size[0], info_size[1], 1)
if (
info_size not in self.info["sizes"]
and len(info_size) == 3
and info_size[2] == 1
):
simple_sizes = [
(size[0] * size[2], size[1] * size[2]) for size in self.info["sizes"]
]
if value in simple_sizes:
info_size = self.info["sizes"][simple_sizes.index(value)]
if info_size not in self.info["sizes"]:
msg = "This is not one of the allowed sizes of this image"
raise ValueError(msg)
self._size = value
def load(self):
if len(self.size) == 3:
self.best_size = self.size
self.size = (
self.best_size[0] * self.best_size[2],
self.best_size[1] * self.best_size[2],
)
px = Image.Image.load(self)
if self.im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
# Already loaded
return px
self.load_prepare()
# This is likely NOT the best way to do it, but whatever.
im = self.icns.getimage(self.best_size)
# If this is a PNG or JPEG 2000, it won't be loaded yet
px = im.load()
self.im = im.im
self._mode = im.mode
self.size = im.size
return px
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
"""
Saves the image as a series of PNG files,
that are then combined into a .icns file.
"""
if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
fp.flush()
sizes = {
b"ic07": 128,
b"ic08": 256,
b"ic09": 512,
b"ic10": 1024,
b"ic11": 32,
b"ic12": 64,
b"ic13": 256,
b"ic14": 512,
}
provided_images = {im.width: im for im in im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])}
size_streams = {}
for size in set(sizes.values()):
image = (
provided_images[size]
if size in provided_images
else im.resize((size, size))
)
temp = io.BytesIO()
image.save(temp, "png")
size_streams[size] = temp.getvalue()
entries = []
for type, size in sizes.items():
stream = size_streams[size]
entries.append((type, HEADERSIZE + len(stream), stream))
# Header
fp.write(MAGIC)
file_length = HEADERSIZE # Header
file_length += HEADERSIZE + 8 * len(entries) # TOC
file_length += sum(entry[1] for entry in entries)
fp.write(struct.pack(">i", file_length))
# TOC
fp.write(b"TOC ")
fp.write(struct.pack(">i", HEADERSIZE + len(entries) * HEADERSIZE))
for entry in entries:
fp.write(entry[0])
fp.write(struct.pack(">i", entry[1]))
# Data
for entry in entries:
fp.write(entry[0])
fp.write(struct.pack(">i", entry[1]))
fp.write(entry[2])
if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
fp.flush()
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == MAGIC
Image.register_open(IcnsImageFile.format, IcnsImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension(IcnsImageFile.format, ".icns")
Image.register_save(IcnsImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_mime(IcnsImageFile.format, "image/icns")
if __name__ == "__main__":
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("Syntax: python3 IcnsImagePlugin.py [file]")
sys.exit()
with open(sys.argv[1], "rb") as fp:
imf = IcnsImageFile(fp)
for size in imf.info["sizes"]:
width, height, scale = imf.size = size
imf.save(f"out-{width}-{height}-{scale}.png")
with Image.open(sys.argv[1]) as im:
im.save("out.png")
if sys.platform == "windows":
os.startfile("out.png")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Windows Icon support for PIL
#
# History:
# 96-05-27 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
# <casadebender@gmail.com>.
# https://code.google.com/archive/p/casadebender/wikis/Win32IconImagePlugin.wiki
#
# Icon format references:
# * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICO_(file_format)
# * https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms997538.aspx
from __future__ import annotations
import warnings
from io import BytesIO
from math import ceil, log
from typing import IO
from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image, ImageFile, PngImagePlugin
from ._binary import i16le as i16
from ._binary import i32le as i32
from ._binary import o8
from ._binary import o16le as o16
from ._binary import o32le as o32
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
_MAGIC = b"\0\0\1\0"
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
fp.write(_MAGIC) # (2+2)
bmp = im.encoderinfo.get("bitmap_format") == "bmp"
sizes = im.encoderinfo.get(
"sizes",
[(16, 16), (24, 24), (32, 32), (48, 48), (64, 64), (128, 128), (256, 256)],
)
frames = []
provided_ims = [im] + im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])
width, height = im.size
for size in sorted(set(sizes)):
if size[0] > width or size[1] > height or size[0] > 256 or size[1] > 256:
continue
for provided_im in provided_ims:
if provided_im.size != size:
continue
frames.append(provided_im)
if bmp:
bits = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[provided_im.mode][1]
bits_used = [bits]
for other_im in provided_ims:
if other_im.size != size:
continue
bits = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[other_im.mode][1]
if bits not in bits_used:
# Another image has been supplied for this size
# with a different bit depth
frames.append(other_im)
bits_used.append(bits)
break
else:
# TODO: invent a more convenient method for proportional scalings
frame = provided_im.copy()
frame.thumbnail(size, Image.Resampling.LANCZOS, reducing_gap=None)
frames.append(frame)
fp.write(o16(len(frames))) # idCount(2)
offset = fp.tell() + len(frames) * 16
for frame in frames:
width, height = frame.size
# 0 means 256
fp.write(o8(width if width < 256 else 0)) # bWidth(1)
fp.write(o8(height if height < 256 else 0)) # bHeight(1)
bits, colors = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[frame.mode][1:] if bmp else (32, 0)
fp.write(o8(colors)) # bColorCount(1)
fp.write(b"\0") # bReserved(1)
fp.write(b"\0\0") # wPlanes(2)
fp.write(o16(bits)) # wBitCount(2)
image_io = BytesIO()
if bmp:
frame.save(image_io, "dib")
if bits != 32:
and_mask = Image.new("1", size)
ImageFile._save(
and_mask, image_io, [("raw", (0, 0) + size, 0, ("1", 0, -1))]
)
else:
frame.save(image_io, "png")
image_io.seek(0)
image_bytes = image_io.read()
if bmp:
image_bytes = image_bytes[:8] + o32(height * 2) + image_bytes[12:]
bytes_len = len(image_bytes)
fp.write(o32(bytes_len)) # dwBytesInRes(4)
fp.write(o32(offset)) # dwImageOffset(4)
current = fp.tell()
fp.seek(offset)
fp.write(image_bytes)
offset = offset + bytes_len
fp.seek(current)
def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
return prefix[:4] == _MAGIC
class IcoFile:
def __init__(self, buf):
"""
Parse image from file-like object containing ico file data
"""
# check magic
s = buf.read(6)
if not _accept(s):
msg = "not an ICO file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.buf = buf
self.entry = []
# Number of items in file
self.nb_items = i16(s, 4)
# Get headers for each item
for i in range(self.nb_items):
s = buf.read(16)
icon_header = {
"width": s[0],
"height": s[1],
"nb_color": s[2], # No. of colors in image (0 if >=8bpp)
"reserved": s[3],
"planes": i16(s, 4),
"bpp": i16(s, 6),
"size": i32(s, 8),
"offset": i32(s, 12),
}
# See Wikipedia
for j in ("width", "height"):
if not icon_header[j]:
icon_header[j] = 256
# See Wikipedia notes about color depth.
# We need this just to differ images with equal sizes
icon_header["color_depth"] = (
icon_header["bpp"]
or (
icon_header["nb_color"] != 0
and ceil(log(icon_header["nb_color"], 2))
)
or 256
)
icon_header["dim"] = (icon_header["width"], icon_header["height"])
icon_header["square"] = icon_header["width"] * icon_header["height"]
self.entry.append(icon_header)
self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x["color_depth"])
# ICO images are usually squares
self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x["square"], reverse=True)
def sizes(self):
"""
Get a list of all available icon sizes and color depths.
"""
return {(h["width"], h["height"]) for h in self.entry}
def getentryindex(self, size, bpp=False):
for i, h in enumerate(self.entry):
if size == h["dim"] and (bpp is False or bpp == h["color_depth"]):
return i
return 0
def getimage(self, size, bpp=False):
"""
Get an image from the icon
"""
return self.frame(self.getentryindex(size, bpp))
def frame(self, idx: int) -> Image.Image:
"""
Get an image from frame idx
"""
header = self.entry[idx]
self.buf.seek(header["offset"])
data = self.buf.read(8)
self.buf.seek(header["offset"])
im: Image.Image
if data[:8] == PngImagePlugin._MAGIC:
# png frame
im = PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(self.buf)
Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
else:
# XOR + AND mask bmp frame
im = BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(self.buf)
Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
# change tile dimension to only encompass XOR image
im._size = (im.size[0], int(im.size[1] / 2))
d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
im.tile[0] = d, (0, 0) + im.size, o, a
# figure out where AND mask image starts
bpp = header["bpp"]
if 32 == bpp:
# 32-bit color depth icon image allows semitransparent areas
# PIL's DIB format ignores transparency bits, recover them.
# The DIB is packed in BGRX byte order where X is the alpha
# channel.
# Back up to start of bmp data
self.buf.seek(o)
# extract every 4th byte (eg. 3,7,11,15,...)
alpha_bytes = self.buf.read(im.size[0] * im.size[1] * 4)[3::4]
# convert to an 8bpp grayscale image
mask = Image.frombuffer(
"L", # 8bpp
im.size, # (w, h)
alpha_bytes, # source chars
"raw", # raw decoder
("L", 0, -1), # 8bpp inverted, unpadded, reversed
)
else:
# get AND image from end of bitmap
w = im.size[0]
if (w % 32) > 0:
# bitmap row data is aligned to word boundaries
w += 32 - (im.size[0] % 32)
# the total mask data is
# padded row size * height / bits per char
total_bytes = int((w * im.size[1]) / 8)
and_mask_offset = header["offset"] + header["size"] - total_bytes
self.buf.seek(and_mask_offset)
mask_data = self.buf.read(total_bytes)
# convert raw data to image
mask = Image.frombuffer(
"1", # 1 bpp
im.size, # (w, h)
mask_data, # source chars
"raw", # raw decoder
("1;I", int(w / 8), -1), # 1bpp inverted, padded, reversed
)
# now we have two images, im is XOR image and mask is AND image
# apply mask image as alpha channel
im = im.convert("RGBA")
im.putalpha(mask)
return im
##
# Image plugin for Windows Icon files.
class IcoImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
PIL read-only image support for Microsoft Windows .ico files.
By default the largest resolution image in the file will be loaded. This
can be changed by altering the 'size' attribute before calling 'load'.
The info dictionary has a key 'sizes' that is a list of the sizes available
in the icon file.
Handles classic, XP and Vista icon formats.
When saving, PNG compression is used. Support for this was only added in
Windows Vista. If you are unable to view the icon in Windows, convert the
image to "RGBA" mode before saving.
This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
<casadebender@gmail.com>.
https://code.google.com/archive/p/casadebender/wikis/Win32IconImagePlugin.wiki
"""
format = "ICO"
format_description = "Windows Icon"
def _open(self) -> None:
self.ico = IcoFile(self.fp)
self.info["sizes"] = self.ico.sizes()
self.size = self.ico.entry[0]["dim"]
self.load()
@property
def size(self):
return self._size
@size.setter
def size(self, value):
if value not in self.info["sizes"]:
msg = "This is not one of the allowed sizes of this image"
raise ValueError(msg)
self._size = value
def load(self):
if self.im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
# Already loaded
return Image.Image.load(self)
im = self.ico.getimage(self.size)
# if tile is PNG, it won't really be loaded yet
im.load()
self.im = im.im
self.pyaccess = None
self._mode = im.mode
if im.palette:
self.palette = im.palette
if im.size != self.size:
warnings.warn("Image was not the expected size")
index = self.ico.getentryindex(self.size)
sizes = list(self.info["sizes"])
sizes[index] = im.size
self.info["sizes"] = set(sizes)
self.size = im.size
def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
# Flag the ImageFile.Parser so that it
# just does all the decode at the end.
pass
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open(IcoImageFile.format, IcoImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(IcoImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(IcoImageFile.format, ".ico")
Image.register_mime(IcoImageFile.format, "image/x-icon")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# IFUNC IM file handling for PIL
#
# history:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created.
# 1997-01-03 fl Save palette images
# 1997-01-08 fl Added sequence support
# 1997-01-23 fl Added P and RGB save support
# 1997-05-31 fl Read floating point images
# 1997-06-22 fl Save floating point images
# 1997-08-27 fl Read and save 1-bit images
# 1998-06-25 fl Added support for RGB+LUT images
# 1998-07-02 fl Added support for YCC images
# 1998-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
# 1998-12-29 fl Added I;16 support
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.7)
# 2003-09-26 fl Added LA/PA support
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2001 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import os
import re
from typing import IO, Any
from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Standard tags
COMMENT = "Comment"
DATE = "Date"
EQUIPMENT = "Digitalization equipment"
FRAMES = "File size (no of images)"
LUT = "Lut"
NAME = "Name"
SCALE = "Scale (x,y)"
SIZE = "Image size (x*y)"
MODE = "Image type"
TAGS = {
COMMENT: 0,
DATE: 0,
EQUIPMENT: 0,
FRAMES: 0,
LUT: 0,
NAME: 0,
SCALE: 0,
SIZE: 0,
MODE: 0,
}
OPEN = {
# ifunc93/p3cfunc formats
"0 1 image": ("1", "1"),
"L 1 image": ("1", "1"),
"Greyscale image": ("L", "L"),
"Grayscale image": ("L", "L"),
"RGB image": ("RGB", "RGB;L"),
"RLB image": ("RGB", "RLB"),
"RYB image": ("RGB", "RLB"),
"B1 image": ("1", "1"),
"B2 image": ("P", "P;2"),
"B4 image": ("P", "P;4"),
"X 24 image": ("RGB", "RGB"),
"L 32 S image": ("I", "I;32"),
"L 32 F image": ("F", "F;32"),
# old p3cfunc formats
"RGB3 image": ("RGB", "RGB;T"),
"RYB3 image": ("RGB", "RYB;T"),
# extensions
"LA image": ("LA", "LA;L"),
"PA image": ("LA", "PA;L"),
"RGBA image": ("RGBA", "RGBA;L"),
"RGBX image": ("RGB", "RGBX;L"),
"CMYK image": ("CMYK", "CMYK;L"),
"YCC image": ("YCbCr", "YCbCr;L"),
}
# ifunc95 extensions
for i in ["8", "8S", "16", "16S", "32", "32F"]:
OPEN[f"L {i} image"] = ("F", f"F;{i}")
OPEN[f"L*{i} image"] = ("F", f"F;{i}")
for i in ["16", "16L", "16B"]:
OPEN[f"L {i} image"] = (f"I;{i}", f"I;{i}")
OPEN[f"L*{i} image"] = (f"I;{i}", f"I;{i}")
for i in ["32S"]:
OPEN[f"L {i} image"] = ("I", f"I;{i}")
OPEN[f"L*{i} image"] = ("I", f"I;{i}")
for j in range(2, 33):
OPEN[f"L*{j} image"] = ("F", f"F;{j}")
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read IM directory
split = re.compile(rb"^([A-Za-z][^:]*):[ \t]*(.*)[ \t]*$")
def number(s: Any) -> float:
try:
return int(s)
except ValueError:
return float(s)
##
# Image plugin for the IFUNC IM file format.
class ImImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "IM"
format_description = "IFUNC Image Memory"
_close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
def _open(self) -> None:
# Quick rejection: if there's not an LF among the first
# 100 bytes, this is (probably) not a text header.
if b"\n" not in self.fp.read(100):
msg = "not an IM file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
self.fp.seek(0)
n = 0
# Default values
self.info[MODE] = "L"
self.info[SIZE] = (512, 512)
self.info[FRAMES] = 1
self.rawmode = "L"
while True:
s = self.fp.read(1)
# Some versions of IFUNC uses \n\r instead of \r\n...
if s == b"\r":
continue
if not s or s == b"\0" or s == b"\x1A":
break
# FIXME: this may read whole file if not a text file
s = s + self.fp.readline()
if len(s) > 100:
msg = "not an IM file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if s[-2:] == b"\r\n":
s = s[:-2]
elif s[-1:] == b"\n":
s = s[:-1]
try:
m = split.match(s)
except re.error as e:
msg = "not an IM file"
raise SyntaxError(msg) from e
if m:
k, v = m.group(1, 2)
# Don't know if this is the correct encoding,
# but a decent guess (I guess)
k = k.decode("latin-1", "replace")
v = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")
# Convert value as appropriate
if k in [FRAMES, SCALE, SIZE]:
v = v.replace("*", ",")
v = tuple(map(number, v.split(",")))
if len(v) == 1:
v = v[0]
elif k == MODE and v in OPEN:
v, self.rawmode = OPEN[v]
# Add to dictionary. Note that COMMENT tags are
# combined into a list of strings.
if k == COMMENT:
if k in self.info:
self.info[k].append(v)
else:
self.info[k] = [v]
else:
self.info[k] = v
if k in TAGS:
n += 1
else:
msg = f"Syntax error in IM header: {s.decode('ascii', 'replace')}"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if not n:
msg = "Not an IM file"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
# Basic attributes
self._size = self.info[SIZE]
self._mode = self.info[MODE]
# Skip forward to start of image data
while s and s[:1] != b"\x1A":
s = self.fp.read(1)
if not s:
msg = "File truncated"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
if LUT in self.info:
# convert lookup table to palette or lut attribute
palette = self.fp.read(768)
greyscale = 1 # greyscale palette
linear = 1 # linear greyscale palette
for i in range(256):
if palette[i] == palette[i + 256] == palette[i + 512]:
if palette[i] != i:
linear = 0
else:
greyscale = 0
if self.mode in ["L", "LA", "P", "PA"]:
if greyscale:
if not linear:
self.lut = list(palette[:256])
else:
if self.mode in ["L", "P"]:
self._mode = self.rawmode = "P"
elif self.mode in ["LA", "PA"]:
self._mode = "PA"
self.rawmode = "PA;L"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", palette)
elif self.mode == "RGB":
if not greyscale or not linear:
self.lut = list(palette)
self.frame = 0
self.__offset = offs = self.fp.tell()
self._fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
if self.rawmode[:2] == "F;":
# ifunc95 formats
try:
# use bit decoder (if necessary)
bits = int(self.rawmode[2:])
if bits not in [8, 16, 32]:
self.tile = [("bit", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (bits, 8, 3, 0, -1))]
return
except ValueError:
pass
if self.rawmode in ["RGB;T", "RYB;T"]:
# Old LabEye/3PC files. Would be very surprised if anyone
# ever stumbled upon such a file ;-)
size = self.size[0] * self.size[1]
self.tile = [
("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, ("G", 0, -1)),
("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + size, ("R", 0, -1)),
("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + 2 * size, ("B", 0, -1)),
]
else:
# LabEye/IFUNC files
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
@property
def n_frames(self) -> int:
return self.info[FRAMES]
@property
def is_animated(self) -> bool:
return self.info[FRAMES] > 1
def seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
if not self._seek_check(frame):
return
self.frame = frame
if self.mode == "1":
bits = 1
else:
bits = 8 * len(self.mode)
size = ((self.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8) * self.size[1]
offs = self.__offset + frame * size
self.fp = self._fp
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
def tell(self) -> int:
return self.frame
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Save IM files
SAVE = {
# mode: (im type, raw mode)
"1": ("0 1", "1"),
"L": ("Greyscale", "L"),
"LA": ("LA", "LA;L"),
"P": ("Greyscale", "P"),
"PA": ("LA", "PA;L"),
"I": ("L 32S", "I;32S"),
"I;16": ("L 16", "I;16"),
"I;16L": ("L 16L", "I;16L"),
"I;16B": ("L 16B", "I;16B"),
"F": ("L 32F", "F;32F"),
"RGB": ("RGB", "RGB;L"),
"RGBA": ("RGBA", "RGBA;L"),
"RGBX": ("RGBX", "RGBX;L"),
"CMYK": ("CMYK", "CMYK;L"),
"YCbCr": ("YCC", "YCbCr;L"),
}
def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
try:
image_type, rawmode = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError as e:
msg = f"Cannot save {im.mode} images as IM"
raise ValueError(msg) from e
frames = im.encoderinfo.get("frames", 1)
fp.write(f"Image type: {image_type} image\r\n".encode("ascii"))
if filename:
# Each line must be 100 characters or less,
# or: SyntaxError("not an IM file")
# 8 characters are used for "Name: " and "\r\n"
# Keep just the filename, ditch the potentially overlong path
if isinstance(filename, bytes):
filename = filename.decode("ascii")
name, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filename))
name = "".join([name[: 92 - len(ext)], ext])
fp.write(f"Name: {name}\r\n".encode("ascii"))
fp.write(("Image size (x*y): %d*%d\r\n" % im.size).encode("ascii"))
fp.write(f"File size (no of images): {frames}\r\n".encode("ascii"))
if im.mode in ["P", "PA"]:
fp.write(b"Lut: 1\r\n")
fp.write(b"\000" * (511 - fp.tell()) + b"\032")
if im.mode in ["P", "PA"]:
im_palette = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")
colors = len(im_palette) // 3
palette = b""
for i in range(3):
palette += im_palette[colors * i : colors * (i + 1)]
palette += b"\x00" * (256 - colors)
fp.write(palette) # 768 bytes
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, -1))])
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(ImImageFile.format, ImImageFile)
Image.register_save(ImImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(ImImageFile.format, ".im")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard channel operations
#
# History:
# 1996-03-24 fl Created
# 1996-08-13 fl Added logical operations (for "1" images)
# 2000-10-12 fl Added offset method (from Image.py)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2000 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-2000 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from . import Image
def constant(image: Image.Image, value: int) -> Image.Image:
"""Fill a channel with a given gray level.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.new("L", image.size, value)
def duplicate(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Copy a channel. Alias for :py:meth:`PIL.Image.Image.copy`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return image.copy()
def invert(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Invert an image (channel). ::
out = MAX - image
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image.load()
return image._new(image.im.chop_invert())
def lighter(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image containing
the lighter values. ::
out = max(image1, image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_lighter(image2.im))
def darker(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image containing
the darker values. ::
out = min(image1, image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_darker(image2.im))
def difference(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns the absolute value of the pixel-by-pixel difference between the two
images. ::
out = abs(image1 - image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_difference(image2.im))
def multiply(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Superimposes two images on top of each other.
If you multiply an image with a solid black image, the result is black. If
you multiply with a solid white image, the image is unaffected. ::
out = image1 * image2 / MAX
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_multiply(image2.im))
def screen(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Superimposes two inverted images on top of each other. ::
out = MAX - ((MAX - image1) * (MAX - image2) / MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_screen(image2.im))
def soft_light(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Soft Light algorithm
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_soft_light(image2.im))
def hard_light(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Hard Light algorithm
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_hard_light(image2.im))
def overlay(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Overlay algorithm
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_overlay(image2.im))
def add(
image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, scale: float = 1.0, offset: float = 0
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Adds two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the
offset. If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0. ::
out = ((image1 + image2) / scale + offset)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add(image2.im, scale, offset))
def subtract(
image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, scale: float = 1.0, offset: float = 0
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Subtracts two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the offset.
If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0. ::
out = ((image1 - image2) / scale + offset)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract(image2.im, scale, offset))
def add_modulo(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Add two images, without clipping the result. ::
out = ((image1 + image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add_modulo(image2.im))
def subtract_modulo(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Subtract two images, without clipping the result. ::
out = ((image1 - image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract_modulo(image2.im))
def logical_and(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Logical AND between two images.
Both of the images must have mode "1". If you would like to perform a
logical AND on an image with a mode other than "1", try
:py:meth:`~PIL.ImageChops.multiply` instead, using a black-and-white mask
as the second image. ::
out = ((image1 and image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_and(image2.im))
def logical_or(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Logical OR between two images.
Both of the images must have mode "1". ::
out = ((image1 or image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_or(image2.im))
def logical_xor(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""Logical XOR between two images.
Both of the images must have mode "1". ::
out = ((bool(image1) != bool(image2)) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_xor(image2.im))
def blend(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, alpha: float) -> Image.Image:
"""Blend images using constant transparency weight. Alias for
:py:func:`PIL.Image.blend`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.blend(image1, image2, alpha)
def composite(
image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, mask: Image.Image
) -> Image.Image:
"""Create composite using transparency mask. Alias for
:py:func:`PIL.Image.composite`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.composite(image1, image2, mask)
def offset(image: Image.Image, xoffset: int, yoffset: int | None = None) -> Image.Image:
"""Returns a copy of the image where data has been offset by the given
distances. Data wraps around the edges. If ``yoffset`` is omitted, it
is assumed to be equal to ``xoffset``.
:param image: Input image.
:param xoffset: The horizontal distance.
:param yoffset: The vertical distance. If omitted, both
distances are set to the same value.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
if yoffset is None:
yoffset = xoffset
image.load()
return image._new(image.im.offset(xoffset, yoffset))

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# map CSS3-style colour description strings to RGB
#
# History:
# 2002-10-24 fl Added support for CSS-style color strings
# 2002-12-15 fl Added RGBA support
# 2004-03-27 fl Fixed remaining int() problems for Python 1.5.2
# 2004-07-19 fl Fixed gray/grey spelling issues
# 2009-03-05 fl Fixed rounding error in grayscale calculation
#
# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import re
from functools import lru_cache
from . import Image
@lru_cache
def getrgb(color: str) -> tuple[int, int, int] | tuple[int, int, int, int]:
"""
Convert a color string to an RGB or RGBA tuple. If the string cannot be
parsed, this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError` exception.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.4
:param color: A color string
:return: ``(red, green, blue[, alpha])``
"""
if len(color) > 100:
msg = "color specifier is too long"
raise ValueError(msg)
color = color.lower()
rgb = colormap.get(color, None)
if rgb:
if isinstance(rgb, tuple):
return rgb
rgb_tuple = getrgb(rgb)
assert len(rgb_tuple) == 3
colormap[color] = rgb_tuple
return rgb_tuple
# check for known string formats
if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{3}$", color):
return int(color[1] * 2, 16), int(color[2] * 2, 16), int(color[3] * 2, 16)
if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{4}$", color):
return (
int(color[1] * 2, 16),
int(color[2] * 2, 16),
int(color[3] * 2, 16),
int(color[4] * 2, 16),
)
if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{6}$", color):
return int(color[1:3], 16), int(color[3:5], 16), int(color[5:7], 16)
if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{8}$", color):
return (
int(color[1:3], 16),
int(color[3:5], 16),
int(color[5:7], 16),
int(color[7:9], 16),
)
m = re.match(r"rgb\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$", color)
if m:
return int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3))
m = re.match(r"rgb\(\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*\)$", color)
if m:
return (
int((int(m.group(1)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
int((int(m.group(2)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
int((int(m.group(3)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
)
m = re.match(
r"hsl\(\s*(\d+\.?\d*)\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*\)$", color
)
if m:
from colorsys import hls_to_rgb
rgb_floats = hls_to_rgb(
float(m.group(1)) / 360.0,
float(m.group(3)) / 100.0,
float(m.group(2)) / 100.0,
)
return (
int(rgb_floats[0] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb_floats[1] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb_floats[2] * 255 + 0.5),
)
m = re.match(
r"hs[bv]\(\s*(\d+\.?\d*)\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*\)$", color
)
if m:
from colorsys import hsv_to_rgb
rgb_floats = hsv_to_rgb(
float(m.group(1)) / 360.0,
float(m.group(2)) / 100.0,
float(m.group(3)) / 100.0,
)
return (
int(rgb_floats[0] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb_floats[1] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb_floats[2] * 255 + 0.5),
)
m = re.match(r"rgba\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$", color)
if m:
return int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3)), int(m.group(4))
msg = f"unknown color specifier: {repr(color)}"
raise ValueError(msg)
@lru_cache
def getcolor(color: str, mode: str) -> int | tuple[int, ...]:
"""
Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageColor.getrgb` for most modes. However, if
``mode`` is HSV, converts the RGB value to a HSV value, or if ``mode`` is
not color or a palette image, converts the RGB value to a grayscale value.
If the string cannot be parsed, this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError`
exception.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.4
:param color: A color string
:param mode: Convert result to this mode
:return: ``graylevel, (graylevel, alpha) or (red, green, blue[, alpha])``
"""
# same as getrgb, but converts the result to the given mode
rgb, alpha = getrgb(color), 255
if len(rgb) == 4:
alpha = rgb[3]
rgb = rgb[:3]
if mode == "HSV":
from colorsys import rgb_to_hsv
r, g, b = rgb
h, s, v = rgb_to_hsv(r / 255, g / 255, b / 255)
return int(h * 255), int(s * 255), int(v * 255)
elif Image.getmodebase(mode) == "L":
r, g, b = rgb
# ITU-R Recommendation 601-2 for nonlinear RGB
# scaled to 24 bits to match the convert's implementation.
graylevel = (r * 19595 + g * 38470 + b * 7471 + 0x8000) >> 16
if mode[-1] == "A":
return graylevel, alpha
return graylevel
elif mode[-1] == "A":
return rgb + (alpha,)
return rgb
colormap: dict[str, str | tuple[int, int, int]] = {
# X11 colour table from https://drafts.csswg.org/css-color-4/, with
# gray/grey spelling issues fixed. This is a superset of HTML 4.0
# colour names used in CSS 1.
"aliceblue": "#f0f8ff",
"antiquewhite": "#faebd7",
"aqua": "#00ffff",
"aquamarine": "#7fffd4",
"azure": "#f0ffff",
"beige": "#f5f5dc",
"bisque": "#ffe4c4",
"black": "#000000",
"blanchedalmond": "#ffebcd",
"blue": "#0000ff",
"blueviolet": "#8a2be2",
"brown": "#a52a2a",
"burlywood": "#deb887",
"cadetblue": "#5f9ea0",
"chartreuse": "#7fff00",
"chocolate": "#d2691e",
"coral": "#ff7f50",
"cornflowerblue": "#6495ed",
"cornsilk": "#fff8dc",
"crimson": "#dc143c",
"cyan": "#00ffff",
"darkblue": "#00008b",
"darkcyan": "#008b8b",
"darkgoldenrod": "#b8860b",
"darkgray": "#a9a9a9",
"darkgrey": "#a9a9a9",
"darkgreen": "#006400",
"darkkhaki": "#bdb76b",
"darkmagenta": "#8b008b",
"darkolivegreen": "#556b2f",
"darkorange": "#ff8c00",
"darkorchid": "#9932cc",
"darkred": "#8b0000",
"darksalmon": "#e9967a",
"darkseagreen": "#8fbc8f",
"darkslateblue": "#483d8b",
"darkslategray": "#2f4f4f",
"darkslategrey": "#2f4f4f",
"darkturquoise": "#00ced1",
"darkviolet": "#9400d3",
"deeppink": "#ff1493",
"deepskyblue": "#00bfff",
"dimgray": "#696969",
"dimgrey": "#696969",
"dodgerblue": "#1e90ff",
"firebrick": "#b22222",
"floralwhite": "#fffaf0",
"forestgreen": "#228b22",
"fuchsia": "#ff00ff",
"gainsboro": "#dcdcdc",
"ghostwhite": "#f8f8ff",
"gold": "#ffd700",
"goldenrod": "#daa520",
"gray": "#808080",
"grey": "#808080",
"green": "#008000",
"greenyellow": "#adff2f",
"honeydew": "#f0fff0",
"hotpink": "#ff69b4",
"indianred": "#cd5c5c",
"indigo": "#4b0082",
"ivory": "#fffff0",
"khaki": "#f0e68c",
"lavender": "#e6e6fa",
"lavenderblush": "#fff0f5",
"lawngreen": "#7cfc00",
"lemonchiffon": "#fffacd",
"lightblue": "#add8e6",
"lightcoral": "#f08080",
"lightcyan": "#e0ffff",
"lightgoldenrodyellow": "#fafad2",
"lightgreen": "#90ee90",
"lightgray": "#d3d3d3",
"lightgrey": "#d3d3d3",
"lightpink": "#ffb6c1",
"lightsalmon": "#ffa07a",
"lightseagreen": "#20b2aa",
"lightskyblue": "#87cefa",
"lightslategray": "#778899",
"lightslategrey": "#778899",
"lightsteelblue": "#b0c4de",
"lightyellow": "#ffffe0",
"lime": "#00ff00",
"limegreen": "#32cd32",
"linen": "#faf0e6",
"magenta": "#ff00ff",
"maroon": "#800000",
"mediumaquamarine": "#66cdaa",
"mediumblue": "#0000cd",
"mediumorchid": "#ba55d3",
"mediumpurple": "#9370db",
"mediumseagreen": "#3cb371",
"mediumslateblue": "#7b68ee",
"mediumspringgreen": "#00fa9a",
"mediumturquoise": "#48d1cc",
"mediumvioletred": "#c71585",
"midnightblue": "#191970",
"mintcream": "#f5fffa",
"mistyrose": "#ffe4e1",
"moccasin": "#ffe4b5",
"navajowhite": "#ffdead",
"navy": "#000080",
"oldlace": "#fdf5e6",
"olive": "#808000",
"olivedrab": "#6b8e23",
"orange": "#ffa500",
"orangered": "#ff4500",
"orchid": "#da70d6",
"palegoldenrod": "#eee8aa",
"palegreen": "#98fb98",
"paleturquoise": "#afeeee",
"palevioletred": "#db7093",
"papayawhip": "#ffefd5",
"peachpuff": "#ffdab9",
"peru": "#cd853f",
"pink": "#ffc0cb",
"plum": "#dda0dd",
"powderblue": "#b0e0e6",
"purple": "#800080",
"rebeccapurple": "#663399",
"red": "#ff0000",
"rosybrown": "#bc8f8f",
"royalblue": "#4169e1",
"saddlebrown": "#8b4513",
"salmon": "#fa8072",
"sandybrown": "#f4a460",
"seagreen": "#2e8b57",
"seashell": "#fff5ee",
"sienna": "#a0522d",
"silver": "#c0c0c0",
"skyblue": "#87ceeb",
"slateblue": "#6a5acd",
"slategray": "#708090",
"slategrey": "#708090",
"snow": "#fffafa",
"springgreen": "#00ff7f",
"steelblue": "#4682b4",
"tan": "#d2b48c",
"teal": "#008080",
"thistle": "#d8bfd8",
"tomato": "#ff6347",
"turquoise": "#40e0d0",
"violet": "#ee82ee",
"wheat": "#f5deb3",
"white": "#ffffff",
"whitesmoke": "#f5f5f5",
"yellow": "#ffff00",
"yellowgreen": "#9acd32",
}

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# WCK-style drawing interface operations
#
# History:
# 2003-12-07 fl created
# 2005-05-15 fl updated; added to PIL as ImageDraw2
# 2005-05-15 fl added text support
# 2005-05-20 fl added arc/chord/pieslice support
#
# Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
(Experimental) WCK-style drawing interface operations
.. seealso:: :py:mod:`PIL.ImageDraw`
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import BinaryIO
from . import Image, ImageColor, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImagePath
from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
class Pen:
"""Stores an outline color and width."""
def __init__(self, color: str, width: int = 1, opacity: int = 255) -> None:
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
self.width = width
class Brush:
"""Stores a fill color"""
def __init__(self, color: str, opacity: int = 255) -> None:
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
class Font:
"""Stores a TrueType font and color"""
def __init__(
self, color: str, file: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO, size: float = 12
) -> None:
# FIXME: add support for bitmap fonts
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
self.font = ImageFont.truetype(file, size)
class Draw:
"""
(Experimental) WCK-style drawing interface
"""
def __init__(
self,
image: Image.Image | str,
size: tuple[int, int] | list[int] | None = None,
color: float | tuple[float, ...] | str | None = None,
) -> None:
if isinstance(image, str):
if size is None:
msg = "If image argument is mode string, size must be a list or tuple"
raise ValueError(msg)
image = Image.new(image, size, color)
self.draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
self.image = image
self.transform = None
def flush(self) -> Image.Image:
return self.image
def render(self, op, xy, pen, brush=None):
# handle color arguments
outline = fill = None
width = 1
if isinstance(pen, Pen):
outline = pen.color
width = pen.width
elif isinstance(brush, Pen):
outline = brush.color
width = brush.width
if isinstance(brush, Brush):
fill = brush.color
elif isinstance(pen, Brush):
fill = pen.color
# handle transformation
if self.transform:
xy = ImagePath.Path(xy)
xy.transform(self.transform)
# render the item
if op == "line":
self.draw.line(xy, fill=outline, width=width)
else:
getattr(self.draw, op)(xy, fill=fill, outline=outline)
def settransform(self, offset):
"""Sets a transformation offset."""
(xoffset, yoffset) = offset
self.transform = (1, 0, xoffset, 0, 1, yoffset)
def arc(self, xy, start, end, *options):
"""
Draws an arc (a portion of a circle outline) between the start and end
angles, inside the given bounding box.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.arc`
"""
self.render("arc", xy, start, end, *options)
def chord(self, xy, start, end, *options):
"""
Same as :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageDraw2.Draw.arc`, but connects the end points
with a straight line.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.chord`
"""
self.render("chord", xy, start, end, *options)
def ellipse(self, xy, *options):
"""
Draws an ellipse inside the given bounding box.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.ellipse`
"""
self.render("ellipse", xy, *options)
def line(self, xy, *options):
"""
Draws a line between the coordinates in the ``xy`` list.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.line`
"""
self.render("line", xy, *options)
def pieslice(self, xy, start, end, *options):
"""
Same as arc, but also draws straight lines between the end points and the
center of the bounding box.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.pieslice`
"""
self.render("pieslice", xy, start, end, *options)
def polygon(self, xy, *options):
"""
Draws a polygon.
The polygon outline consists of straight lines between the given
coordinates, plus a straight line between the last and the first
coordinate.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.polygon`
"""
self.render("polygon", xy, *options)
def rectangle(self, xy, *options):
"""
Draws a rectangle.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.rectangle`
"""
self.render("rectangle", xy, *options)
def text(self, xy, text, font):
"""
Draws the string at the given position.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.text`
"""
if self.transform:
xy = ImagePath.Path(xy)
xy.transform(self.transform)
self.draw.text(xy, text, font=font.font, fill=font.color)
def textbbox(self, xy, text, font):
"""
Returns bounding box (in pixels) of given text.
:return: ``(left, top, right, bottom)`` bounding box
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.textbbox`
"""
if self.transform:
xy = ImagePath.Path(xy)
xy.transform(self.transform)
return self.draw.textbbox(xy, text, font=font.font)
def textlength(self, text, font):
"""
Returns length (in pixels) of given text.
This is the amount by which following text should be offset.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.textlength`
"""
return self.draw.textlength(text, font=font.font)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# image enhancement classes
#
# For a background, see "Image Processing By Interpolation and
# Extrapolation", Paul Haeberli and Douglas Voorhies. Available
# at http://www.graficaobscura.com/interp/index.html
#
# History:
# 1996-03-23 fl Created
# 2009-06-16 fl Fixed mean calculation
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from . import Image, ImageFilter, ImageStat
class _Enhance:
image: Image.Image
degenerate: Image.Image
def enhance(self, factor: float) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns an enhanced image.
:param factor: A floating point value controlling the enhancement.
Factor 1.0 always returns a copy of the original image,
lower factors mean less color (brightness, contrast,
etc), and higher values more. There are no restrictions
on this value.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.blend(self.degenerate, self.image, factor)
class Color(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image color balance.
This class can be used to adjust the colour balance of an image, in
a manner similar to the controls on a colour TV set. An enhancement
factor of 0.0 gives a black and white image. A factor of 1.0 gives
the original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image: Image.Image) -> None:
self.image = image
self.intermediate_mode = "L"
if "A" in image.getbands():
self.intermediate_mode = "LA"
self.degenerate = image.convert(self.intermediate_mode).convert(image.mode)
class Contrast(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image contrast.
This class can be used to control the contrast of an image, similar
to the contrast control on a TV set. An enhancement factor of 0.0
gives a solid gray image. A factor of 1.0 gives the original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image: Image.Image) -> None:
self.image = image
mean = int(ImageStat.Stat(image.convert("L")).mean[0] + 0.5)
self.degenerate = Image.new("L", image.size, mean).convert(image.mode)
if "A" in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.getchannel("A"))
class Brightness(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image brightness.
This class can be used to control the brightness of an image. An
enhancement factor of 0.0 gives a black image. A factor of 1.0 gives the
original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image: Image.Image) -> None:
self.image = image
self.degenerate = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, 0)
if "A" in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.getchannel("A"))
class Sharpness(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image sharpness.
This class can be used to adjust the sharpness of an image. An
enhancement factor of 0.0 gives a blurred image, a factor of 1.0 gives the
original image, and a factor of 2.0 gives a sharpened image.
"""
def __init__(self, image: Image.Image) -> None:
self.image = image
self.degenerate = image.filter(ImageFilter.SMOOTH)
if "A" in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.getchannel("A"))

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@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# base class for image file handlers
#
# history:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1996-03-11 fl Fixed load mechanism.
# 1996-04-15 fl Added pcx/xbm decoders.
# 1996-04-30 fl Added encoders.
# 1996-12-14 fl Added load helpers
# 1997-01-11 fl Use encode_to_file where possible
# 1997-08-27 fl Flush output in _save
# 1998-03-05 fl Use memory mapping for some modes
# 1999-02-04 fl Use memory mapping also for "I;16" and "I;16B"
# 1999-05-31 fl Added image parser
# 2000-10-12 fl Set readonly flag on memory-mapped images
# 2002-03-20 fl Use better messages for common decoder errors
# 2003-04-21 fl Fall back on mmap/map_buffer if map is not available
# 2003-10-30 fl Added StubImageFile class
# 2004-02-25 fl Made incremental parser more robust
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import abc
import io
import itertools
import struct
import sys
from typing import IO, Any, NamedTuple
from . import Image
from ._deprecate import deprecate
from ._util import is_path
MAXBLOCK = 65536
SAFEBLOCK = 1024 * 1024
LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = False
"""Whether or not to load truncated image files. User code may change this."""
ERRORS = {
-1: "image buffer overrun error",
-2: "decoding error",
-3: "unknown error",
-8: "bad configuration",
-9: "out of memory error",
}
"""
Dict of known error codes returned from :meth:`.PyDecoder.decode`,
:meth:`.PyEncoder.encode` :meth:`.PyEncoder.encode_to_pyfd` and
:meth:`.PyEncoder.encode_to_file`.
"""
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
def _get_oserror(error: int, *, encoder: bool) -> OSError:
try:
msg = Image.core.getcodecstatus(error)
except AttributeError:
msg = ERRORS.get(error)
if not msg:
msg = f"{'encoder' if encoder else 'decoder'} error {error}"
msg += f" when {'writing' if encoder else 'reading'} image file"
return OSError(msg)
def raise_oserror(error: int) -> OSError:
deprecate(
"raise_oserror",
12,
action="It is only useful for translating error codes returned by a codec's "
"decode() method, which ImageFile already does automatically.",
)
raise _get_oserror(error, encoder=False)
def _tilesort(t):
# sort on offset
return t[2]
class _Tile(NamedTuple):
codec_name: str
extents: tuple[int, int, int, int]
offset: int
args: tuple[Any, ...] | str | None
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# ImageFile base class
class ImageFile(Image.Image):
"""Base class for image file format handlers."""
def __init__(self, fp=None, filename=None):
super().__init__()
self._min_frame = 0
self.custom_mimetype = None
self.tile = None
""" A list of tile descriptors, or ``None`` """
self.readonly = 1 # until we know better
self.decoderconfig = ()
self.decodermaxblock = MAXBLOCK
if is_path(fp):
# filename
self.fp = open(fp, "rb")
self.filename = fp
self._exclusive_fp = True
else:
# stream
self.fp = fp
self.filename = filename
# can be overridden
self._exclusive_fp = None
try:
try:
self._open()
except (
IndexError, # end of data
TypeError, # end of data (ord)
KeyError, # unsupported mode
EOFError, # got header but not the first frame
struct.error,
) as v:
raise SyntaxError(v) from v
if not self.mode or self.size[0] <= 0 or self.size[1] <= 0:
msg = "not identified by this driver"
raise SyntaxError(msg)
except BaseException:
# close the file only if we have opened it this constructor
if self._exclusive_fp:
self.fp.close()
raise
def get_format_mimetype(self) -> str | None:
if self.custom_mimetype:
return self.custom_mimetype
if self.format is not None:
return Image.MIME.get(self.format.upper())
return None
def __setstate__(self, state):
self.tile = []
super().__setstate__(state)
def verify(self) -> None:
"""Check file integrity"""
# raise exception if something's wrong. must be called
# directly after open, and closes file when finished.
if self._exclusive_fp:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None
def load(self):
"""Load image data based on tile list"""
if self.tile is None:
msg = "cannot load this image"
raise OSError(msg)
pixel = Image.Image.load(self)
if not self.tile:
return pixel
self.map = None
use_mmap = self.filename and len(self.tile) == 1
# As of pypy 2.1.0, memory mapping was failing here.
use_mmap = use_mmap and not hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info")
readonly = 0
# look for read/seek overrides
try:
read = self.load_read
# don't use mmap if there are custom read/seek functions
use_mmap = False
except AttributeError:
read = self.fp.read
try:
seek = self.load_seek
use_mmap = False
except AttributeError:
seek = self.fp.seek
if use_mmap:
# try memory mapping
decoder_name, extents, offset, args = self.tile[0]
if isinstance(args, str):
args = (args, 0, 1)
if (
decoder_name == "raw"
and len(args) >= 3
and args[0] == self.mode
and args[0] in Image._MAPMODES
):
try:
# use mmap, if possible
import mmap
with open(self.filename) as fp:
self.map = mmap.mmap(fp.fileno(), 0, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ)
if offset + self.size[1] * args[1] > self.map.size():
msg = "buffer is not large enough"
raise OSError(msg)
self.im = Image.core.map_buffer(
self.map, self.size, decoder_name, offset, args
)
readonly = 1
# After trashing self.im,
# we might need to reload the palette data.
if self.palette:
self.palette.dirty = 1
except (AttributeError, OSError, ImportError):
self.map = None
self.load_prepare()
err_code = -3 # initialize to unknown error
if not self.map:
# sort tiles in file order
self.tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
try:
# FIXME: This is a hack to handle TIFF's JpegTables tag.
prefix = self.tile_prefix
except AttributeError:
prefix = b""
# Remove consecutive duplicates that only differ by their offset
self.tile = [
list(tiles)[-1]
for _, tiles in itertools.groupby(
self.tile, lambda tile: (tile[0], tile[1], tile[3])
)
]
for decoder_name, extents, offset, args in self.tile:
seek(offset)
decoder = Image._getdecoder(
self.mode, decoder_name, args, self.decoderconfig
)
try:
decoder.setimage(self.im, extents)
if decoder.pulls_fd:
decoder.setfd(self.fp)
err_code = decoder.decode(b"")[1]
else:
b = prefix
while True:
try:
s = read(self.decodermaxblock)
except (IndexError, struct.error) as e:
# truncated png/gif
if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
break
else:
msg = "image file is truncated"
raise OSError(msg) from e
if not s: # truncated jpeg
if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
break
else:
msg = (
"image file is truncated "
f"({len(b)} bytes not processed)"
)
raise OSError(msg)
b = b + s
n, err_code = decoder.decode(b)
if n < 0:
break
b = b[n:]
finally:
# Need to cleanup here to prevent leaks
decoder.cleanup()
self.tile = []
self.readonly = readonly
self.load_end()
if self._exclusive_fp and self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None
if not self.map and not LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and err_code < 0:
# still raised if decoder fails to return anything
raise _get_oserror(err_code, encoder=False)
return Image.Image.load(self)
def load_prepare(self) -> None:
# create image memory if necessary
if not self.im or self.im.mode != self.mode or self.im.size != self.size:
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
# create palette (optional)
if self.mode == "P":
Image.Image.load(self)
def load_end(self) -> None:
# may be overridden
pass
# may be defined for contained formats
# def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
# pass
# may be defined for blocked formats (e.g. PNG)
# def load_read(self, read_bytes: int) -> bytes:
# pass
def _seek_check(self, frame):
if (
frame < self._min_frame
# Only check upper limit on frames if additional seek operations
# are not required to do so
or (
not (hasattr(self, "_n_frames") and self._n_frames is None)
and frame >= self.n_frames + self._min_frame
)
):
msg = "attempt to seek outside sequence"
raise EOFError(msg)
return self.tell() != frame
class StubHandler:
def open(self, im: StubImageFile) -> None:
pass
@abc.abstractmethod
def load(self, im: StubImageFile) -> Image.Image:
pass
class StubImageFile(ImageFile):
"""
Base class for stub image loaders.
A stub loader is an image loader that can identify files of a
certain format, but relies on external code to load the file.
"""
def _open(self) -> None:
msg = "StubImageFile subclass must implement _open"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
def load(self):
loader = self._load()
if loader is None:
msg = f"cannot find loader for this {self.format} file"
raise OSError(msg)
image = loader.load(self)
assert image is not None
# become the other object (!)
self.__class__ = image.__class__
self.__dict__ = image.__dict__
return image.load()
def _load(self) -> StubHandler | None:
"""(Hook) Find actual image loader."""
msg = "StubImageFile subclass must implement _load"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
class Parser:
"""
Incremental image parser. This class implements the standard
feed/close consumer interface.
"""
incremental = None
image: Image.Image | None = None
data = None
decoder = None
offset = 0
finished = 0
def reset(self) -> None:
"""
(Consumer) Reset the parser. Note that you can only call this
method immediately after you've created a parser; parser
instances cannot be reused.
"""
assert self.data is None, "cannot reuse parsers"
def feed(self, data):
"""
(Consumer) Feed data to the parser.
:param data: A string buffer.
:exception OSError: If the parser failed to parse the image file.
"""
# collect data
if self.finished:
return
if self.data is None:
self.data = data
else:
self.data = self.data + data
# parse what we have
if self.decoder:
if self.offset > 0:
# skip header
skip = min(len(self.data), self.offset)
self.data = self.data[skip:]
self.offset = self.offset - skip
if self.offset > 0 or not self.data:
return
n, e = self.decoder.decode(self.data)
if n < 0:
# end of stream
self.data = None
self.finished = 1
if e < 0:
# decoding error
self.image = None
raise _get_oserror(e, encoder=False)
else:
# end of image
return
self.data = self.data[n:]
elif self.image:
# if we end up here with no decoder, this file cannot
# be incrementally parsed. wait until we've gotten all
# available data
pass
else:
# attempt to open this file
try:
with io.BytesIO(self.data) as fp:
im = Image.open(fp)
except OSError:
pass # not enough data
else:
flag = hasattr(im, "load_seek") or hasattr(im, "load_read")
if flag or len(im.tile) != 1:
# custom load code, or multiple tiles
self.decode = None
else:
# initialize decoder
im.load_prepare()
d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
im.tile = []
self.decoder = Image._getdecoder(im.mode, d, a, im.decoderconfig)
self.decoder.setimage(im.im, e)
# calculate decoder offset
self.offset = o
if self.offset <= len(self.data):
self.data = self.data[self.offset :]
self.offset = 0
self.image = im
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, *args: object) -> None:
self.close()
def close(self):
"""
(Consumer) Close the stream.
:returns: An image object.
:exception OSError: If the parser failed to parse the image file either
because it cannot be identified or cannot be
decoded.
"""
# finish decoding
if self.decoder:
# get rid of what's left in the buffers
self.feed(b"")
self.data = self.decoder = None
if not self.finished:
msg = "image was incomplete"
raise OSError(msg)
if not self.image:
msg = "cannot parse this image"
raise OSError(msg)
if self.data:
# incremental parsing not possible; reopen the file
# not that we have all data
with io.BytesIO(self.data) as fp:
try:
self.image = Image.open(fp)
finally:
self.image.load()
return self.image
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _save(im, fp, tile, bufsize=0) -> None:
"""Helper to save image based on tile list
:param im: Image object.
:param fp: File object.
:param tile: Tile list.
:param bufsize: Optional buffer size
"""
im.load()
if not hasattr(im, "encoderconfig"):
im.encoderconfig = ()
tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
# FIXME: make MAXBLOCK a configuration parameter
# It would be great if we could have the encoder specify what it needs
# But, it would need at least the image size in most cases. RawEncode is
# a tricky case.
bufsize = max(MAXBLOCK, bufsize, im.size[0] * 4) # see RawEncode.c
try:
fh = fp.fileno()
fp.flush()
_encode_tile(im, fp, tile, bufsize, fh)
except (AttributeError, io.UnsupportedOperation) as exc:
_encode_tile(im, fp, tile, bufsize, None, exc)
if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
fp.flush()
def _encode_tile(im, fp, tile: list[_Tile], bufsize, fh, exc=None):
for encoder_name, extents, offset, args in tile:
if offset > 0:
fp.seek(offset)
encoder = Image._getencoder(im.mode, encoder_name, args, im.encoderconfig)
try:
encoder.setimage(im.im, extents)
if encoder.pushes_fd:
encoder.setfd(fp)
errcode = encoder.encode_to_pyfd()[1]
else:
if exc:
# compress to Python file-compatible object
while True:
errcode, data = encoder.encode(bufsize)[1:]
fp.write(data)
if errcode:
break
else:
# slight speedup: compress to real file object
errcode = encoder.encode_to_file(fh, bufsize)
if errcode < 0:
raise _get_oserror(errcode, encoder=True) from exc
finally:
encoder.cleanup()
def _safe_read(fp, size):
"""
Reads large blocks in a safe way. Unlike fp.read(n), this function
doesn't trust the user. If the requested size is larger than
SAFEBLOCK, the file is read block by block.
:param fp: File handle. Must implement a <b>read</b> method.
:param size: Number of bytes to read.
:returns: A string containing <i>size</i> bytes of data.
Raises an OSError if the file is truncated and the read cannot be completed
"""
if size <= 0:
return b""
if size <= SAFEBLOCK:
data = fp.read(size)
if len(data) < size:
msg = "Truncated File Read"
raise OSError(msg)
return data
data = []
remaining_size = size
while remaining_size > 0:
block = fp.read(min(remaining_size, SAFEBLOCK))
if not block:
break
data.append(block)
remaining_size -= len(block)
if sum(len(d) for d in data) < size:
msg = "Truncated File Read"
raise OSError(msg)
return b"".join(data)
class PyCodecState:
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.xsize = 0
self.ysize = 0
self.xoff = 0
self.yoff = 0
def extents(self) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
return self.xoff, self.yoff, self.xoff + self.xsize, self.yoff + self.ysize
class PyCodec:
fd: IO[bytes] | None
def __init__(self, mode, *args):
self.im = None
self.state = PyCodecState()
self.fd = None
self.mode = mode
self.init(args)
def init(self, args):
"""
Override to perform codec specific initialization
:param args: Array of args items from the tile entry
:returns: None
"""
self.args = args
def cleanup(self) -> None:
"""
Override to perform codec specific cleanup
:returns: None
"""
pass
def setfd(self, fd):
"""
Called from ImageFile to set the Python file-like object
:param fd: A Python file-like object
:returns: None
"""
self.fd = fd
def setimage(self, im, extents: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = None) -> None:
"""
Called from ImageFile to set the core output image for the codec
:param im: A core image object
:param extents: a 4 tuple of (x0, y0, x1, y1) defining the rectangle
for this tile
:returns: None
"""
# following c code
self.im = im
if extents:
(x0, y0, x1, y1) = extents
else:
(x0, y0, x1, y1) = (0, 0, 0, 0)
if x0 == 0 and x1 == 0:
self.state.xsize, self.state.ysize = self.im.size
else:
self.state.xoff = x0
self.state.yoff = y0
self.state.xsize = x1 - x0
self.state.ysize = y1 - y0
if self.state.xsize <= 0 or self.state.ysize <= 0:
msg = "Size cannot be negative"
raise ValueError(msg)
if (
self.state.xsize + self.state.xoff > self.im.size[0]
or self.state.ysize + self.state.yoff > self.im.size[1]
):
msg = "Tile cannot extend outside image"
raise ValueError(msg)
class PyDecoder(PyCodec):
"""
Python implementation of a format decoder. Override this class and
add the decoding logic in the :meth:`decode` method.
See :ref:`Writing Your Own File Codec in Python<file-codecs-py>`
"""
_pulls_fd = False
@property
def pulls_fd(self) -> bool:
return self._pulls_fd
def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
"""
Override to perform the decoding process.
:param buffer: A bytes object with the data to be decoded.
:returns: A tuple of ``(bytes consumed, errcode)``.
If finished with decoding return -1 for the bytes consumed.
Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
"""
msg = "unavailable in base decoder"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
def set_as_raw(self, data: bytes, rawmode=None) -> None:
"""
Convenience method to set the internal image from a stream of raw data
:param data: Bytes to be set
:param rawmode: The rawmode to be used for the decoder.
If not specified, it will default to the mode of the image
:returns: None
"""
if not rawmode:
rawmode = self.mode
d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, "raw", rawmode)
assert self.im is not None
d.setimage(self.im, self.state.extents())
s = d.decode(data)
if s[0] >= 0:
msg = "not enough image data"
raise ValueError(msg)
if s[1] != 0:
msg = "cannot decode image data"
raise ValueError(msg)
class PyEncoder(PyCodec):
"""
Python implementation of a format encoder. Override this class and
add the decoding logic in the :meth:`encode` method.
See :ref:`Writing Your Own File Codec in Python<file-codecs-py>`
"""
_pushes_fd = False
@property
def pushes_fd(self) -> bool:
return self._pushes_fd
def encode(self, bufsize: int) -> tuple[int, int, bytes]:
"""
Override to perform the encoding process.
:param bufsize: Buffer size.
:returns: A tuple of ``(bytes encoded, errcode, bytes)``.
If finished with encoding return 1 for the error code.
Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
"""
msg = "unavailable in base encoder"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
def encode_to_pyfd(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
"""
If ``pushes_fd`` is ``True``, then this method will be used,
and ``encode()`` will only be called once.
:returns: A tuple of ``(bytes consumed, errcode)``.
Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
"""
if not self.pushes_fd:
return 0, -8 # bad configuration
bytes_consumed, errcode, data = self.encode(0)
if data:
assert self.fd is not None
self.fd.write(data)
return bytes_consumed, errcode
def encode_to_file(self, fh, bufsize):
"""
:param fh: File handle.
:param bufsize: Buffer size.
:returns: If finished successfully, return 0.
Otherwise, return an error code. Err codes are from
:data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
"""
errcode = 0
while errcode == 0:
status, errcode, buf = self.encode(bufsize)
if status > 0:
fh.write(buf[status:])
return errcode

View File

@ -0,0 +1,604 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard filters
#
# History:
# 1995-11-27 fl Created
# 2002-06-08 fl Added rank and mode filters
# 2003-09-15 fl Fixed rank calculation in rank filter; added expand call
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2002 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import abc
import functools
from types import ModuleType
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Sequence, cast
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from . import _imaging
from ._typing import NumpyArray
class Filter:
@abc.abstractmethod
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
pass
class MultibandFilter(Filter):
pass
class BuiltinFilter(MultibandFilter):
filterargs: tuple[Any, ...]
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
if image.mode == "P":
msg = "cannot filter palette images"
raise ValueError(msg)
return image.filter(*self.filterargs)
class Kernel(BuiltinFilter):
"""
Create a convolution kernel. This only supports 3x3 and 5x5 integer and floating
point kernels.
Kernels can only be applied to "L" and "RGB" images.
:param size: Kernel size, given as (width, height). This must be (3,3) or (5,5).
:param kernel: A sequence containing kernel weights. The kernel will be flipped
vertically before being applied to the image.
:param scale: Scale factor. If given, the result for each pixel is divided by this
value. The default is the sum of the kernel weights.
:param offset: Offset. If given, this value is added to the result, after it has
been divided by the scale factor.
"""
name = "Kernel"
def __init__(
self,
size: tuple[int, int],
kernel: Sequence[float],
scale: float | None = None,
offset: float = 0,
) -> None:
if scale is None:
# default scale is sum of kernel
scale = functools.reduce(lambda a, b: a + b, kernel)
if size[0] * size[1] != len(kernel):
msg = "not enough coefficients in kernel"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.filterargs = size, scale, offset, kernel
class RankFilter(Filter):
"""
Create a rank filter. The rank filter sorts all pixels in
a window of the given size, and returns the ``rank``'th value.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
:param rank: What pixel value to pick. Use 0 for a min filter,
``size * size / 2`` for a median filter, ``size * size - 1``
for a max filter, etc.
"""
name = "Rank"
def __init__(self, size: int, rank: int) -> None:
self.size = size
self.rank = rank
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
if image.mode == "P":
msg = "cannot filter palette images"
raise ValueError(msg)
image = image.expand(self.size // 2, self.size // 2)
return image.rankfilter(self.size, self.rank)
class MedianFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a median filter. Picks the median pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Median"
def __init__(self, size: int = 3) -> None:
self.size = size
self.rank = size * size // 2
class MinFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a min filter. Picks the lowest pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Min"
def __init__(self, size: int = 3) -> None:
self.size = size
self.rank = 0
class MaxFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a max filter. Picks the largest pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Max"
def __init__(self, size: int = 3) -> None:
self.size = size
self.rank = size * size - 1
class ModeFilter(Filter):
"""
Create a mode filter. Picks the most frequent pixel value in a box with the
given size. Pixel values that occur only once or twice are ignored; if no
pixel value occurs more than twice, the original pixel value is preserved.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Mode"
def __init__(self, size: int = 3) -> None:
self.size = size
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
return image.modefilter(self.size)
class GaussianBlur(MultibandFilter):
"""Blurs the image with a sequence of extended box filters, which
approximates a Gaussian kernel. For details on accuracy see
<https://www.mia.uni-saarland.de/Publications/gwosdek-ssvm11.pdf>
:param radius: Standard deviation of the Gaussian kernel. Either a sequence of two
numbers for x and y, or a single number for both.
"""
name = "GaussianBlur"
def __init__(self, radius: float | Sequence[float] = 2) -> None:
self.radius = radius
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
xy = self.radius
if isinstance(xy, (int, float)):
xy = (xy, xy)
if xy == (0, 0):
return image.copy()
return image.gaussian_blur(xy)
class BoxBlur(MultibandFilter):
"""Blurs the image by setting each pixel to the average value of the pixels
in a square box extending radius pixels in each direction.
Supports float radius of arbitrary size. Uses an optimized implementation
which runs in linear time relative to the size of the image
for any radius value.
:param radius: Size of the box in a direction. Either a sequence of two numbers for
x and y, or a single number for both.
Radius 0 does not blur, returns an identical image.
Radius 1 takes 1 pixel in each direction, i.e. 9 pixels in total.
"""
name = "BoxBlur"
def __init__(self, radius: float | Sequence[float]) -> None:
xy = radius if isinstance(radius, (tuple, list)) else (radius, radius)
if xy[0] < 0 or xy[1] < 0:
msg = "radius must be >= 0"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.radius = radius
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
xy = self.radius
if isinstance(xy, (int, float)):
xy = (xy, xy)
if xy == (0, 0):
return image.copy()
return image.box_blur(xy)
class UnsharpMask(MultibandFilter):
"""Unsharp mask filter.
See Wikipedia's entry on `digital unsharp masking`_ for an explanation of
the parameters.
:param radius: Blur Radius
:param percent: Unsharp strength, in percent
:param threshold: Threshold controls the minimum brightness change that
will be sharpened
.. _digital unsharp masking: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsharp_masking#Digital_unsharp_masking
"""
name = "UnsharpMask"
def __init__(
self, radius: float = 2, percent: int = 150, threshold: int = 3
) -> None:
self.radius = radius
self.percent = percent
self.threshold = threshold
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
return image.unsharp_mask(self.radius, self.percent, self.threshold)
class BLUR(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Blur"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (5, 5), 16, 0, (
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
)
# fmt: on
class CONTOUR(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Contour"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 255, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 8, -1,
-1, -1, -1,
)
# fmt: on
class DETAIL(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Detail"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 6, 0, (
0, -1, 0,
-1, 10, -1,
0, -1, 0,
)
# fmt: on
class EDGE_ENHANCE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Edge-enhance"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 2, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 10, -1,
-1, -1, -1,
)
# fmt: on
class EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Edge-enhance More"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 9, -1,
-1, -1, -1,
)
# fmt: on
class EMBOSS(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Emboss"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 128, (
-1, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0,
)
# fmt: on
class FIND_EDGES(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Find Edges"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 8, -1,
-1, -1, -1,
)
# fmt: on
class SHARPEN(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Sharpen"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 16, 0, (
-2, -2, -2,
-2, 32, -2,
-2, -2, -2,
)
# fmt: on
class SMOOTH(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Smooth"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (3, 3), 13, 0, (
1, 1, 1,
1, 5, 1,
1, 1, 1,
)
# fmt: on
class SMOOTH_MORE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Smooth More"
# fmt: off
filterargs = (5, 5), 100, 0, (
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 5, 5, 5, 1,
1, 5, 44, 5, 1,
1, 5, 5, 5, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
)
# fmt: on
class Color3DLUT(MultibandFilter):
"""Three-dimensional color lookup table.
Transforms 3-channel pixels using the values of the channels as coordinates
in the 3D lookup table and interpolating the nearest elements.
This method allows you to apply almost any color transformation
in constant time by using pre-calculated decimated tables.
.. versionadded:: 5.2.0
:param size: Size of the table. One int or tuple of (int, int, int).
Minimal size in any dimension is 2, maximum is 65.
:param table: Flat lookup table. A list of ``channels * size**3``
float elements or a list of ``size**3`` channels-sized
tuples with floats. Channels are changed first,
then first dimension, then second, then third.
Value 0.0 corresponds lowest value of output, 1.0 highest.
:param channels: Number of channels in the table. Could be 3 or 4.
Default is 3.
:param target_mode: A mode for the result image. Should have not less
than ``channels`` channels. Default is ``None``,
which means that mode wouldn't be changed.
"""
name = "Color 3D LUT"
def __init__(
self,
size: int | tuple[int, int, int],
table: Sequence[float] | Sequence[Sequence[int]] | NumpyArray,
channels: int = 3,
target_mode: str | None = None,
**kwargs: bool,
) -> None:
if channels not in (3, 4):
msg = "Only 3 or 4 output channels are supported"
raise ValueError(msg)
self.size = size = self._check_size(size)
self.channels = channels
self.mode = target_mode
# Hidden flag `_copy_table=False` could be used to avoid extra copying
# of the table if the table is specially made for the constructor.
copy_table = kwargs.get("_copy_table", True)
items = size[0] * size[1] * size[2]
wrong_size = False
numpy: ModuleType | None = None
if hasattr(table, "shape"):
try:
import numpy
except ImportError:
pass
if numpy and isinstance(table, numpy.ndarray):
numpy_table: NumpyArray = table
if copy_table:
numpy_table = numpy_table.copy()
if numpy_table.shape in [
(items * channels,),
(items, channels),
(size[2], size[1], size[0], channels),
]:
table = numpy_table.reshape(items * channels)
else:
wrong_size = True
else:
if copy_table:
table = list(table)
# Convert to a flat list
if table and isinstance(table[0], (list, tuple)):
raw_table = cast(Sequence[Sequence[int]], table)
flat_table: list[int] = []
for pixel in raw_table:
if len(pixel) != channels:
msg = (
"The elements of the table should "
f"have a length of {channels}."
)
raise ValueError(msg)
flat_table.extend(pixel)
table = flat_table
if wrong_size or len(table) != items * channels:
msg = (
"The table should have either channels * size**3 float items "
"or size**3 items of channels-sized tuples with floats. "
f"Table should be: {channels}x{size[0]}x{size[1]}x{size[2]}. "
f"Actual length: {len(table)}"
)
raise ValueError(msg)
self.table = table
@staticmethod
def _check_size(size: Any) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
try:
_, _, _ = size
except ValueError as e:
msg = "Size should be either an integer or a tuple of three integers."
raise ValueError(msg) from e
except TypeError:
size = (size, size, size)
size = tuple(int(x) for x in size)
for size_1d in size:
if not 2 <= size_1d <= 65:
msg = "Size should be in [2, 65] range."
raise ValueError(msg)
return size
@classmethod
def generate(
cls,
size: int | tuple[int, int, int],
callback: Callable[[float, float, float], tuple[float, ...]],
channels: int = 3,
target_mode: str | None = None,
) -> Color3DLUT:
"""Generates new LUT using provided callback.
:param size: Size of the table. Passed to the constructor.
:param callback: Function with three parameters which correspond
three color channels. Will be called ``size**3``
times with values from 0.0 to 1.0 and should return
a tuple with ``channels`` elements.
:param channels: The number of channels which should return callback.
:param target_mode: Passed to the constructor of the resulting
lookup table.
"""
size_1d, size_2d, size_3d = cls._check_size(size)
if channels not in (3, 4):
msg = "Only 3 or 4 output channels are supported"
raise ValueError(msg)
table: list[float] = [0] * (size_1d * size_2d * size_3d * channels)
idx_out = 0
for b in range(size_3d):
for g in range(size_2d):
for r in range(size_1d):
table[idx_out : idx_out + channels] = callback(
r / (size_1d - 1), g / (size_2d - 1), b / (size_3d - 1)
)
idx_out += channels
return cls(
(size_1d, size_2d, size_3d),
table,
channels=channels,
target_mode=target_mode,
_copy_table=False,
)
def transform(
self,
callback: Callable[..., tuple[float, ...]],
with_normals: bool = False,
channels: int | None = None,
target_mode: str | None = None,
) -> Color3DLUT:
"""Transforms the table values using provided callback and returns
a new LUT with altered values.
:param callback: A function which takes old lookup table values
and returns a new set of values. The number
of arguments which function should take is
``self.channels`` or ``3 + self.channels``
if ``with_normals`` flag is set.
Should return a tuple of ``self.channels`` or
``channels`` elements if it is set.
:param with_normals: If true, ``callback`` will be called with
coordinates in the color cube as the first
three arguments. Otherwise, ``callback``
will be called only with actual color values.
:param channels: The number of channels in the resulting lookup table.
:param target_mode: Passed to the constructor of the resulting
lookup table.
"""
if channels not in (None, 3, 4):
msg = "Only 3 or 4 output channels are supported"
raise ValueError(msg)
ch_in = self.channels
ch_out = channels or ch_in
size_1d, size_2d, size_3d = self.size
table = [0] * (size_1d * size_2d * size_3d * ch_out)
idx_in = 0
idx_out = 0
for b in range(size_3d):
for g in range(size_2d):
for r in range(size_1d):
values = self.table[idx_in : idx_in + ch_in]
if with_normals:
values = callback(
r / (size_1d - 1),
g / (size_2d - 1),
b / (size_3d - 1),
*values,
)
else:
values = callback(*values)
table[idx_out : idx_out + ch_out] = values
idx_in += ch_in
idx_out += ch_out
return type(self)(
self.size,
table,
channels=ch_out,
target_mode=target_mode or self.mode,
_copy_table=False,
)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
r = [
f"{self.__class__.__name__} from {self.table.__class__.__name__}",
"size={:d}x{:d}x{:d}".format(*self.size),
f"channels={self.channels:d}",
]
if self.mode:
r.append(f"target_mode={self.mode}")
return "<{}>".format(" ".join(r))
def filter(self, image: _imaging.ImagingCore) -> _imaging.ImagingCore:
from . import Image
return image.color_lut_3d(
self.mode or image.mode,
Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
self.channels,
self.size[0],
self.size[1],
self.size[2],
self.table,
)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# screen grabber
#
# History:
# 2001-04-26 fl created
# 2001-09-17 fl use builtin driver, if present
# 2002-11-19 fl added grabclipboard support
#
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import io
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
from . import Image
def grab(
bbox: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = None,
include_layered_windows: bool = False,
all_screens: bool = False,
xdisplay: str | None = None,
) -> Image.Image:
im: Image.Image
if xdisplay is None:
if sys.platform == "darwin":
fh, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(".png")
os.close(fh)
args = ["screencapture"]
if bbox:
left, top, right, bottom = bbox
args += ["-R", f"{left},{top},{right-left},{bottom-top}"]
subprocess.call(args + ["-x", filepath])
im = Image.open(filepath)
im.load()
os.unlink(filepath)
if bbox:
im_resized = im.resize((right - left, bottom - top))
im.close()
return im_resized
return im
elif sys.platform == "win32":
offset, size, data = Image.core.grabscreen_win32(
include_layered_windows, all_screens
)
im = Image.frombytes(
"RGB",
size,
data,
# RGB, 32-bit line padding, origin lower left corner
"raw",
"BGR",
(size[0] * 3 + 3) & -4,
-1,
)
if bbox:
x0, y0 = offset
left, top, right, bottom = bbox
im = im.crop((left - x0, top - y0, right - x0, bottom - y0))
return im
# Cast to Optional[str] needed for Windows and macOS.
display_name: str | None = xdisplay
try:
if not Image.core.HAVE_XCB:
msg = "Pillow was built without XCB support"
raise OSError(msg)
size, data = Image.core.grabscreen_x11(display_name)
except OSError:
if (
display_name is None
and sys.platform not in ("darwin", "win32")
and shutil.which("gnome-screenshot")
):
fh, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(".png")
os.close(fh)
subprocess.call(["gnome-screenshot", "-f", filepath])
im = Image.open(filepath)
im.load()
os.unlink(filepath)
if bbox:
im_cropped = im.crop(bbox)
im.close()
return im_cropped
return im
else:
raise
else:
im = Image.frombytes("RGB", size, data, "raw", "BGRX", size[0] * 4, 1)
if bbox:
im = im.crop(bbox)
return im
def grabclipboard() -> Image.Image | list[str] | None:
if sys.platform == "darwin":
fh, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(".png")
os.close(fh)
commands = [
'set theFile to (open for access POSIX file "'
+ filepath
+ '" with write permission)',
"try",
" write (the clipboard as «class PNGf») to theFile",
"end try",
"close access theFile",
]
script = ["osascript"]
for command in commands:
script += ["-e", command]
subprocess.call(script)
im = None
if os.stat(filepath).st_size != 0:
im = Image.open(filepath)
im.load()
os.unlink(filepath)
return im
elif sys.platform == "win32":
fmt, data = Image.core.grabclipboard_win32()
if fmt == "file": # CF_HDROP
import struct
o = struct.unpack_from("I", data)[0]
if data[16] != 0:
files = data[o:].decode("utf-16le").split("\0")
else:
files = data[o:].decode("mbcs").split("\0")
return files[: files.index("")]
if isinstance(data, bytes):
data = io.BytesIO(data)
if fmt == "png":
from . import PngImagePlugin
return PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(data)
elif fmt == "DIB":
from . import BmpImagePlugin
return BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(data)
return None
else:
if os.getenv("WAYLAND_DISPLAY"):
session_type = "wayland"
elif os.getenv("DISPLAY"):
session_type = "x11"
else: # Session type check failed
session_type = None
if shutil.which("wl-paste") and session_type in ("wayland", None):
args = ["wl-paste", "-t", "image"]
elif shutil.which("xclip") and session_type in ("x11", None):
args = ["xclip", "-selection", "clipboard", "-t", "image/png", "-o"]
else:
msg = "wl-paste or xclip is required for ImageGrab.grabclipboard() on Linux"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
p = subprocess.run(args, capture_output=True)
if p.returncode != 0:
err = p.stderr
for silent_error in [
# wl-paste, when the clipboard is empty
b"Nothing is copied",
# Ubuntu/Debian wl-paste, when the clipboard is empty
b"No selection",
# Ubuntu/Debian wl-paste, when an image isn't available
b"No suitable type of content copied",
# wl-paste or Ubuntu/Debian xclip, when an image isn't available
b" not available",
# xclip, when an image isn't available
b"cannot convert ",
# xclip, when the clipboard isn't initialized
b"xclip: Error: There is no owner for the ",
]:
if silent_error in err:
return None
msg = f"{args[0]} error"
if err:
msg += f": {err.strip().decode()}"
raise ChildProcessError(msg)
data = io.BytesIO(p.stdout)
im = Image.open(data)
im.load()
return im

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@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# a simple math add-on for the Python Imaging Library
#
# History:
# 1999-02-15 fl Original PIL Plus release
# 2005-05-05 fl Simplified and cleaned up for PIL 1.1.6
# 2005-09-12 fl Fixed int() and float() for Python 2.4.1
#
# Copyright (c) 1999-2005 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2005 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import builtins
from types import CodeType
from typing import Any, Callable
from . import Image, _imagingmath
from ._deprecate import deprecate
class _Operand:
"""Wraps an image operand, providing standard operators"""
def __init__(self, im: Image.Image):
self.im = im
def __fixup(self, im1: _Operand | float) -> Image.Image:
# convert image to suitable mode
if isinstance(im1, _Operand):
# argument was an image.
if im1.im.mode in ("1", "L"):
return im1.im.convert("I")
elif im1.im.mode in ("I", "F"):
return im1.im
else:
msg = f"unsupported mode: {im1.im.mode}"
raise ValueError(msg)
else:
# argument was a constant
if isinstance(im1, (int, float)) and self.im.mode in ("1", "L", "I"):
return Image.new("I", self.im.size, im1)
else:
return Image.new("F", self.im.size, im1)
def apply(
self,
op: str,
im1: _Operand | float,
im2: _Operand | float | None = None,
mode: str | None = None,
) -> _Operand:
im_1 = self.__fixup(im1)
if im2 is None:
# unary operation
out = Image.new(mode or im_1.mode, im_1.size, None)
im_1.load()
try:
op = getattr(_imagingmath, f"{op}_{im_1.mode}")
except AttributeError as e:
msg = f"bad operand type for '{op}'"
raise TypeError(msg) from e
_imagingmath.unop(op, out.im.id, im_1.im.id)
else:
# binary operation
im_2 = self.__fixup(im2)
if im_1.mode != im_2.mode:
# convert both arguments to floating point
if im_1.mode != "F":
im_1 = im_1.convert("F")
if im_2.mode != "F":
im_2 = im_2.convert("F")
if im_1.size != im_2.size:
# crop both arguments to a common size
size = (
min(im_1.size[0], im_2.size[0]),
min(im_1.size[1], im_2.size[1]),
)
if im_1.size != size:
im_1 = im_1.crop((0, 0) + size)
if im_2.size != size:
im_2 = im_2.crop((0, 0) + size)
out = Image.new(mode or im_1.mode, im_1.size, None)
im_1.load()
im_2.load()
try:
op = getattr(_imagingmath, f"{op}_{im_1.mode}")
except AttributeError as e:
msg = f"bad operand type for '{op}'"
raise TypeError(msg) from e
_imagingmath.binop(op, out.im.id, im_1.im.id, im_2.im.id)
return _Operand(out)
# unary operators
def __bool__(self) -> bool:
# an image is "true" if it contains at least one non-zero pixel
return self.im.getbbox() is not None
def __abs__(self) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("abs", self)
def __pos__(self) -> _Operand:
return self
def __neg__(self) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("neg", self)
# binary operators
def __add__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("add", self, other)
def __radd__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("add", other, self)
def __sub__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("sub", self, other)
def __rsub__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("sub", other, self)
def __mul__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("mul", self, other)
def __rmul__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("mul", other, self)
def __truediv__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("div", self, other)
def __rtruediv__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("div", other, self)
def __mod__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("mod", self, other)
def __rmod__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("mod", other, self)
def __pow__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("pow", self, other)
def __rpow__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("pow", other, self)
# bitwise
def __invert__(self) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("invert", self)
def __and__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("and", self, other)
def __rand__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("and", other, self)
def __or__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("or", self, other)
def __ror__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("or", other, self)
def __xor__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("xor", self, other)
def __rxor__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("xor", other, self)
def __lshift__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("lshift", self, other)
def __rshift__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("rshift", self, other)
# logical
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.apply("eq", self, other)
def __ne__(self, other):
return self.apply("ne", self, other)
def __lt__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("lt", self, other)
def __le__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("le", self, other)
def __gt__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("gt", self, other)
def __ge__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("ge", self, other)
# conversions
def imagemath_int(self: _Operand) -> _Operand:
return _Operand(self.im.convert("I"))
def imagemath_float(self: _Operand) -> _Operand:
return _Operand(self.im.convert("F"))
# logical
def imagemath_equal(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("eq", self, other, mode="I")
def imagemath_notequal(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("ne", self, other, mode="I")
def imagemath_min(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("min", self, other)
def imagemath_max(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
return self.apply("max", self, other)
def imagemath_convert(self: _Operand, mode: str) -> _Operand:
return _Operand(self.im.convert(mode))
ops = {
"int": imagemath_int,
"float": imagemath_float,
"equal": imagemath_equal,
"notequal": imagemath_notequal,
"min": imagemath_min,
"max": imagemath_max,
"convert": imagemath_convert,
}
def lambda_eval(
expression: Callable[[dict[str, Any]], Any],
options: dict[str, Any] = {},
**kw: Any,
) -> Any:
"""
Returns the result of an image function.
:py:mod:`~PIL.ImageMath` only supports single-layer images. To process multi-band
images, use the :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.split` method or
:py:func:`~PIL.Image.merge` function.
:param expression: A function that receives a dictionary.
:param options: Values to add to the function's dictionary. You
can either use a dictionary, or one or more keyword
arguments.
:return: The expression result. This is usually an image object, but can
also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
depending on the expression.
"""
args: dict[str, Any] = ops.copy()
args.update(options)
args.update(kw)
for k, v in args.items():
if hasattr(v, "im"):
args[k] = _Operand(v)
out = expression(args)
try:
return out.im
except AttributeError:
return out
def unsafe_eval(
expression: str,
options: dict[str, Any] = {},
**kw: Any,
) -> Any:
"""
Evaluates an image expression. This uses Python's ``eval()`` function to process
the expression string, and carries the security risks of doing so. It is not
recommended to process expressions without considering this.
:py:meth:`~lambda_eval` is a more secure alternative.
:py:mod:`~PIL.ImageMath` only supports single-layer images. To process multi-band
images, use the :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.split` method or
:py:func:`~PIL.Image.merge` function.
:param expression: A string containing a Python-style expression.
:param options: Values to add to the evaluation context. You
can either use a dictionary, or one or more keyword
arguments.
:return: The evaluated expression. This is usually an image object, but can
also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
depending on the expression.
"""
# build execution namespace
args: dict[str, Any] = ops.copy()
for k in list(options.keys()) + list(kw.keys()):
if "__" in k or hasattr(builtins, k):
msg = f"'{k}' not allowed"
raise ValueError(msg)
args.update(options)
args.update(kw)
for k, v in args.items():
if hasattr(v, "im"):
args[k] = _Operand(v)
compiled_code = compile(expression, "<string>", "eval")
def scan(code: CodeType) -> None:
for const in code.co_consts:
if type(const) is type(compiled_code):
scan(const)
for name in code.co_names:
if name not in args and name != "abs":
msg = f"'{name}' not allowed"
raise ValueError(msg)
scan(compiled_code)
out = builtins.eval(expression, {"__builtins": {"abs": abs}}, args)
try:
return out.im
except AttributeError:
return out
def eval(
expression: str,
_dict: dict[str, Any] = {},
**kw: Any,
) -> Any:
"""
Evaluates an image expression.
Deprecated. Use lambda_eval() or unsafe_eval() instead.
:param expression: A string containing a Python-style expression.
:param _dict: Values to add to the evaluation context. You
can either use a dictionary, or one or more keyword
arguments.
:return: The evaluated expression. This is usually an image object, but can
also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
depending on the expression.
.. deprecated:: 10.3.0
"""
deprecate(
"ImageMath.eval",
12,
"ImageMath.lambda_eval or ImageMath.unsafe_eval",
)
return unsafe_eval(expression, _dict, **kw)

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@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard mode descriptors
#
# History:
# 2006-03-20 fl Added
#
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from functools import lru_cache
from typing import NamedTuple
from ._deprecate import deprecate
class ModeDescriptor(NamedTuple):
"""Wrapper for mode strings."""
mode: str
bands: tuple[str, ...]
basemode: str
basetype: str
typestr: str
def __str__(self) -> str:
return self.mode
@lru_cache
def getmode(mode: str) -> ModeDescriptor:
"""Gets a mode descriptor for the given mode."""
endian = "<" if sys.byteorder == "little" else ">"
modes = {
# core modes
# Bits need to be extended to bytes
"1": ("L", "L", ("1",), "|b1"),
"L": ("L", "L", ("L",), "|u1"),
"I": ("L", "I", ("I",), f"{endian}i4"),
"F": ("L", "F", ("F",), f"{endian}f4"),
"P": ("P", "L", ("P",), "|u1"),
"RGB": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B"), "|u1"),
"RGBX": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "X"), "|u1"),
"RGBA": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "A"), "|u1"),
"CMYK": ("RGB", "L", ("C", "M", "Y", "K"), "|u1"),
"YCbCr": ("RGB", "L", ("Y", "Cb", "Cr"), "|u1"),
# UNDONE - unsigned |u1i1i1
"LAB": ("RGB", "L", ("L", "A", "B"), "|u1"),
"HSV": ("RGB", "L", ("H", "S", "V"), "|u1"),
# extra experimental modes
"RGBa": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "a"), "|u1"),
"BGR;15": ("RGB", "L", ("B", "G", "R"), "|u1"),
"BGR;16": ("RGB", "L", ("B", "G", "R"), "|u1"),
"BGR;24": ("RGB", "L", ("B", "G", "R"), "|u1"),
"LA": ("L", "L", ("L", "A"), "|u1"),
"La": ("L", "L", ("L", "a"), "|u1"),
"PA": ("RGB", "L", ("P", "A"), "|u1"),
}
if mode in modes:
if mode in ("BGR;15", "BGR;16", "BGR;24"):
deprecate(mode, 12)
base_mode, base_type, bands, type_str = modes[mode]
return ModeDescriptor(mode, bands, base_mode, base_type, type_str)
mapping_modes = {
# I;16 == I;16L, and I;32 == I;32L
"I;16": "<u2",
"I;16S": "<i2",
"I;16L": "<u2",
"I;16LS": "<i2",
"I;16B": ">u2",
"I;16BS": ">i2",
"I;16N": f"{endian}u2",
"I;16NS": f"{endian}i2",
"I;32": "<u4",
"I;32B": ">u4",
"I;32L": "<u4",
"I;32S": "<i4",
"I;32BS": ">i4",
"I;32LS": "<i4",
}
type_str = mapping_modes[mode]
return ModeDescriptor(mode, ("I",), "L", "L", type_str)

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# A binary morphology add-on for the Python Imaging Library
#
# History:
# 2014-06-04 Initial version.
#
# Copyright (c) 2014 Dov Grobgeld <dov.grobgeld@gmail.com>
from __future__ import annotations
import re
from . import Image, _imagingmorph
LUT_SIZE = 1 << 9
# fmt: off
ROTATION_MATRIX = [
6, 3, 0,
7, 4, 1,
8, 5, 2,
]
MIRROR_MATRIX = [
2, 1, 0,
5, 4, 3,
8, 7, 6,
]
# fmt: on
class LutBuilder:
"""A class for building a MorphLut from a descriptive language
The input patterns is a list of a strings sequences like these::
4:(...
.1.
111)->1
(whitespaces including linebreaks are ignored). The option 4
describes a series of symmetry operations (in this case a
4-rotation), the pattern is described by:
- . or X - Ignore
- 1 - Pixel is on
- 0 - Pixel is off
The result of the operation is described after "->" string.
The default is to return the current pixel value, which is
returned if no other match is found.
Operations:
- 4 - 4 way rotation
- N - Negate
- 1 - Dummy op for no other operation (an op must always be given)
- M - Mirroring
Example::
lb = LutBuilder(patterns = ["4:(... .1. 111)->1"])
lut = lb.build_lut()
"""
def __init__(
self, patterns: list[str] | None = None, op_name: str | None = None
) -> None:
if patterns is not None:
self.patterns = patterns
else:
self.patterns = []
self.lut: bytearray | None = None
if op_name is not None:
known_patterns = {
"corner": ["1:(... ... ...)->0", "4:(00. 01. ...)->1"],
"dilation4": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1"],
"dilation8": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1", "4:(... .0. ..1)->1"],
"erosion4": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0"],
"erosion8": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0", "4:(... .1. ..0)->0"],
"edge": [
"1:(... ... ...)->0",
"4:(.0. .1. ...)->1",
"4:(01. .1. ...)->1",
],
}
if op_name not in known_patterns:
msg = f"Unknown pattern {op_name}!"
raise Exception(msg)
self.patterns = known_patterns[op_name]
def add_patterns(self, patterns: list[str]) -> None:
self.patterns += patterns
def build_default_lut(self) -> None:
symbols = [0, 1]
m = 1 << 4 # pos of current pixel
self.lut = bytearray(symbols[(i & m) > 0] for i in range(LUT_SIZE))
def get_lut(self) -> bytearray | None:
return self.lut
def _string_permute(self, pattern: str, permutation: list[int]) -> str:
"""string_permute takes a pattern and a permutation and returns the
string permuted according to the permutation list.
"""
assert len(permutation) == 9
return "".join(pattern[p] for p in permutation)
def _pattern_permute(
self, basic_pattern: str, options: str, basic_result: int
) -> list[tuple[str, int]]:
"""pattern_permute takes a basic pattern and its result and clones
the pattern according to the modifications described in the $options
parameter. It returns a list of all cloned patterns."""
patterns = [(basic_pattern, basic_result)]
# rotations
if "4" in options:
res = patterns[-1][1]
for i in range(4):
patterns.append(
(self._string_permute(patterns[-1][0], ROTATION_MATRIX), res)
)
# mirror
if "M" in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
patterns.append((self._string_permute(pattern, MIRROR_MATRIX), res))
# negate
if "N" in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
# Swap 0 and 1
pattern = pattern.replace("0", "Z").replace("1", "0").replace("Z", "1")
res = 1 - int(res)
patterns.append((pattern, res))
return patterns
def build_lut(self) -> bytearray:
"""Compile all patterns into a morphology lut.
TBD :Build based on (file) morphlut:modify_lut
"""
self.build_default_lut()
assert self.lut is not None
patterns = []
# Parse and create symmetries of the patterns strings
for p in self.patterns:
m = re.search(r"(\w*):?\s*\((.+?)\)\s*->\s*(\d)", p.replace("\n", ""))
if not m:
msg = 'Syntax error in pattern "' + p + '"'
raise Exception(msg)
options = m.group(1)
pattern = m.group(2)
result = int(m.group(3))
# Get rid of spaces
pattern = pattern.replace(" ", "").replace("\n", "")
patterns += self._pattern_permute(pattern, options, result)
# compile the patterns into regular expressions for speed
compiled_patterns = []
for pattern in patterns:
p = pattern[0].replace(".", "X").replace("X", "[01]")
compiled_patterns.append((re.compile(p), pattern[1]))
# Step through table and find patterns that match.
# Note that all the patterns are searched. The last one
# caught overrides
for i in range(LUT_SIZE):
# Build the bit pattern
bitpattern = bin(i)[2:]
bitpattern = ("0" * (9 - len(bitpattern)) + bitpattern)[::-1]
for pattern, r in compiled_patterns:
if pattern.match(bitpattern):
self.lut[i] = [0, 1][r]
return self.lut
class MorphOp:
"""A class for binary morphological operators"""
def __init__(
self,
lut: bytearray | None = None,
op_name: str | None = None,
patterns: list[str] | None = None,
) -> None:
"""Create a binary morphological operator"""
self.lut = lut
if op_name is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(op_name=op_name).build_lut()
elif patterns is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(patterns=patterns).build_lut()
def apply(self, image: Image.Image) -> tuple[int, Image.Image]:
"""Run a single morphological operation on an image
Returns a tuple of the number of changed pixels and the
morphed image"""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
outimage = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, None)
count = _imagingmorph.apply(bytes(self.lut), image.im.id, outimage.im.id)
return count, outimage
def match(self, image: Image.Image) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
"""Get a list of coordinates matching the morphological operation on
an image.
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
return _imagingmorph.match(bytes(self.lut), image.im.id)
def get_on_pixels(self, image: Image.Image) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
"""Get a list of all turned on pixels in a binary image
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
return _imagingmorph.get_on_pixels(image.im.id)
def load_lut(self, filename: str) -> None:
"""Load an operator from an mrl file"""
with open(filename, "rb") as f:
self.lut = bytearray(f.read())
if len(self.lut) != LUT_SIZE:
self.lut = None
msg = "Wrong size operator file!"
raise Exception(msg)
def save_lut(self, filename: str) -> None:
"""Save an operator to an mrl file"""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
with open(filename, "wb") as f:
f.write(self.lut)
def set_lut(self, lut: bytearray | None) -> None:
"""Set the lut from an external source"""
self.lut = lut

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard image operations
#
# History:
# 2001-10-20 fl Created
# 2001-10-23 fl Added autocontrast operator
# 2001-12-18 fl Added Kevin's fit operator
# 2004-03-14 fl Fixed potential division by zero in equalize
# 2005-05-05 fl Fixed equalize for low number of values
#
# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import functools
import operator
import re
from typing import Protocol, Sequence, cast
from . import ExifTags, Image, ImagePalette
#
# helpers
def _border(border: int | tuple[int, ...]) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
if isinstance(border, tuple):
if len(border) == 2:
left, top = right, bottom = border
elif len(border) == 4:
left, top, right, bottom = border
else:
left = top = right = bottom = border
return left, top, right, bottom
def _color(color: str | int | tuple[int, ...], mode: str) -> int | tuple[int, ...]:
if isinstance(color, str):
from . import ImageColor
color = ImageColor.getcolor(color, mode)
return color
def _lut(image: Image.Image, lut: list[int]) -> Image.Image:
if image.mode == "P":
# FIXME: apply to lookup table, not image data
msg = "mode P support coming soon"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
elif image.mode in ("L", "RGB"):
if image.mode == "RGB" and len(lut) == 256:
lut = lut + lut + lut
return image.point(lut)
else:
msg = f"not supported for mode {image.mode}"
raise OSError(msg)
#
# actions
def autocontrast(
image: Image.Image,
cutoff: float | tuple[float, float] = 0,
ignore: int | Sequence[int] | None = None,
mask: Image.Image | None = None,
preserve_tone: bool = False,
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Maximize (normalize) image contrast. This function calculates a
histogram of the input image (or mask region), removes ``cutoff`` percent of the
lightest and darkest pixels from the histogram, and remaps the image
so that the darkest pixel becomes black (0), and the lightest
becomes white (255).
:param image: The image to process.
:param cutoff: The percent to cut off from the histogram on the low and
high ends. Either a tuple of (low, high), or a single
number for both.
:param ignore: The background pixel value (use None for no background).
:param mask: Histogram used in contrast operation is computed using pixels
within the mask. If no mask is given the entire image is used
for histogram computation.
:param preserve_tone: Preserve image tone in Photoshop-like style autocontrast.
.. versionadded:: 8.2.0
:return: An image.
"""
if preserve_tone:
histogram = image.convert("L").histogram(mask)
else:
histogram = image.histogram(mask)
lut = []
for layer in range(0, len(histogram), 256):
h = histogram[layer : layer + 256]
if ignore is not None:
# get rid of outliers
if isinstance(ignore, int):
h[ignore] = 0
else:
for ix in ignore:
h[ix] = 0
if cutoff:
# cut off pixels from both ends of the histogram
if not isinstance(cutoff, tuple):
cutoff = (cutoff, cutoff)
# get number of pixels
n = 0
for ix in range(256):
n = n + h[ix]
# remove cutoff% pixels from the low end
cut = int(n * cutoff[0] // 100)
for lo in range(256):
if cut > h[lo]:
cut = cut - h[lo]
h[lo] = 0
else:
h[lo] -= cut
cut = 0
if cut <= 0:
break
# remove cutoff% samples from the high end
cut = int(n * cutoff[1] // 100)
for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
if cut > h[hi]:
cut = cut - h[hi]
h[hi] = 0
else:
h[hi] -= cut
cut = 0
if cut <= 0:
break
# find lowest/highest samples after preprocessing
for lo in range(256):
if h[lo]:
break
for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
if h[hi]:
break
if hi <= lo:
# don't bother
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
scale = 255.0 / (hi - lo)
offset = -lo * scale
for ix in range(256):
ix = int(ix * scale + offset)
if ix < 0:
ix = 0
elif ix > 255:
ix = 255
lut.append(ix)
return _lut(image, lut)
def colorize(
image: Image.Image,
black: str | tuple[int, ...],
white: str | tuple[int, ...],
mid: str | int | tuple[int, ...] | None = None,
blackpoint: int = 0,
whitepoint: int = 255,
midpoint: int = 127,
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Colorize grayscale image.
This function calculates a color wedge which maps all black pixels in
the source image to the first color and all white pixels to the
second color. If ``mid`` is specified, it uses three-color mapping.
The ``black`` and ``white`` arguments should be RGB tuples or color names;
optionally you can use three-color mapping by also specifying ``mid``.
Mapping positions for any of the colors can be specified
(e.g. ``blackpoint``), where these parameters are the integer
value corresponding to where the corresponding color should be mapped.
These parameters must have logical order, such that
``blackpoint <= midpoint <= whitepoint`` (if ``mid`` is specified).
:param image: The image to colorize.
:param black: The color to use for black input pixels.
:param white: The color to use for white input pixels.
:param mid: The color to use for midtone input pixels.
:param blackpoint: an int value [0, 255] for the black mapping.
:param whitepoint: an int value [0, 255] for the white mapping.
:param midpoint: an int value [0, 255] for the midtone mapping.
:return: An image.
"""
# Initial asserts
assert image.mode == "L"
if mid is None:
assert 0 <= blackpoint <= whitepoint <= 255
else:
assert 0 <= blackpoint <= midpoint <= whitepoint <= 255
# Define colors from arguments
rgb_black = cast(Sequence[int], _color(black, "RGB"))
rgb_white = cast(Sequence[int], _color(white, "RGB"))
rgb_mid = cast(Sequence[int], _color(mid, "RGB")) if mid is not None else None
# Empty lists for the mapping
red = []
green = []
blue = []
# Create the low-end values
for i in range(0, blackpoint):
red.append(rgb_black[0])
green.append(rgb_black[1])
blue.append(rgb_black[2])
# Create the mapping (2-color)
if rgb_mid is None:
range_map = range(0, whitepoint - blackpoint)
for i in range_map:
red.append(
rgb_black[0] + i * (rgb_white[0] - rgb_black[0]) // len(range_map)
)
green.append(
rgb_black[1] + i * (rgb_white[1] - rgb_black[1]) // len(range_map)
)
blue.append(
rgb_black[2] + i * (rgb_white[2] - rgb_black[2]) // len(range_map)
)
# Create the mapping (3-color)
else:
range_map1 = range(0, midpoint - blackpoint)
range_map2 = range(0, whitepoint - midpoint)
for i in range_map1:
red.append(
rgb_black[0] + i * (rgb_mid[0] - rgb_black[0]) // len(range_map1)
)
green.append(
rgb_black[1] + i * (rgb_mid[1] - rgb_black[1]) // len(range_map1)
)
blue.append(
rgb_black[2] + i * (rgb_mid[2] - rgb_black[2]) // len(range_map1)
)
for i in range_map2:
red.append(rgb_mid[0] + i * (rgb_white[0] - rgb_mid[0]) // len(range_map2))
green.append(
rgb_mid[1] + i * (rgb_white[1] - rgb_mid[1]) // len(range_map2)
)
blue.append(rgb_mid[2] + i * (rgb_white[2] - rgb_mid[2]) // len(range_map2))
# Create the high-end values
for i in range(0, 256 - whitepoint):
red.append(rgb_white[0])
green.append(rgb_white[1])
blue.append(rgb_white[2])
# Return converted image
image = image.convert("RGB")
return _lut(image, red + green + blue)
def contain(
image: Image.Image, size: tuple[int, int], method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns a resized version of the image, set to the maximum width and height
within the requested size, while maintaining the original aspect ratio.
:param image: The image to resize.
:param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
(width, height) tuple.
:param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
See :ref:`concept-filters`.
:return: An image.
"""
im_ratio = image.width / image.height
dest_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
if im_ratio != dest_ratio:
if im_ratio > dest_ratio:
new_height = round(image.height / image.width * size[0])
if new_height != size[1]:
size = (size[0], new_height)
else:
new_width = round(image.width / image.height * size[1])
if new_width != size[0]:
size = (new_width, size[1])
return image.resize(size, resample=method)
def cover(
image: Image.Image, size: tuple[int, int], method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns a resized version of the image, so that the requested size is
covered, while maintaining the original aspect ratio.
:param image: The image to resize.
:param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
(width, height) tuple.
:param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
See :ref:`concept-filters`.
:return: An image.
"""
im_ratio = image.width / image.height
dest_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
if im_ratio != dest_ratio:
if im_ratio < dest_ratio:
new_height = round(image.height / image.width * size[0])
if new_height != size[1]:
size = (size[0], new_height)
else:
new_width = round(image.width / image.height * size[1])
if new_width != size[0]:
size = (new_width, size[1])
return image.resize(size, resample=method)
def pad(
image: Image.Image,
size: tuple[int, int],
method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC,
color: str | int | tuple[int, ...] | None = None,
centering: tuple[float, float] = (0.5, 0.5),
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns a resized and padded version of the image, expanded to fill the
requested aspect ratio and size.
:param image: The image to resize and crop.
:param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
(width, height) tuple.
:param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
See :ref:`concept-filters`.
:param color: The background color of the padded image.
:param centering: Control the position of the original image within the
padded version.
(0.5, 0.5) will keep the image centered
(0, 0) will keep the image aligned to the top left
(1, 1) will keep the image aligned to the bottom
right
:return: An image.
"""
resized = contain(image, size, method)
if resized.size == size:
out = resized
else:
out = Image.new(image.mode, size, color)
if resized.palette:
out.putpalette(resized.getpalette())
if resized.width != size[0]:
x = round((size[0] - resized.width) * max(0, min(centering[0], 1)))
out.paste(resized, (x, 0))
else:
y = round((size[1] - resized.height) * max(0, min(centering[1], 1)))
out.paste(resized, (0, y))
return out
def crop(image: Image.Image, border: int = 0) -> Image.Image:
"""
Remove border from image. The same amount of pixels are removed
from all four sides. This function works on all image modes.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.crop`
:param image: The image to crop.
:param border: The number of pixels to remove.
:return: An image.
"""
left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
return image.crop((left, top, image.size[0] - right, image.size[1] - bottom))
def scale(
image: Image.Image, factor: float, resample: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns a rescaled image by a specific factor given in parameter.
A factor greater than 1 expands the image, between 0 and 1 contracts the
image.
:param image: The image to rescale.
:param factor: The expansion factor, as a float.
:param resample: Resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
See :ref:`concept-filters`.
:returns: An :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` object.
"""
if factor == 1:
return image.copy()
elif factor <= 0:
msg = "the factor must be greater than 0"
raise ValueError(msg)
else:
size = (round(factor * image.width), round(factor * image.height))
return image.resize(size, resample)
class SupportsGetMesh(Protocol):
"""
An object that supports the ``getmesh`` method, taking an image as an
argument, and returning a list of tuples. Each tuple contains two tuples,
the source box as a tuple of 4 integers, and a tuple of 8 integers for the
final quadrilateral, in order of top left, bottom left, bottom right, top
right.
"""
def getmesh(
self, image: Image.Image
) -> list[
tuple[tuple[int, int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int]]
]: ...
def deform(
image: Image.Image,
deformer: SupportsGetMesh,
resample: int = Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Deform the image.
:param image: The image to deform.
:param deformer: A deformer object. Any object that implements a
``getmesh`` method can be used.
:param resample: An optional resampling filter. Same values possible as
in the PIL.Image.transform function.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transform(
image.size, Image.Transform.MESH, deformer.getmesh(image), resample
)
def equalize(image: Image.Image, mask: Image.Image | None = None) -> Image.Image:
"""
Equalize the image histogram. This function applies a non-linear
mapping to the input image, in order to create a uniform
distribution of grayscale values in the output image.
:param image: The image to equalize.
:param mask: An optional mask. If given, only the pixels selected by
the mask are included in the analysis.
:return: An image.
"""
if image.mode == "P":
image = image.convert("RGB")
h = image.histogram(mask)
lut = []
for b in range(0, len(h), 256):
histo = [_f for _f in h[b : b + 256] if _f]
if len(histo) <= 1:
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
step = (functools.reduce(operator.add, histo) - histo[-1]) // 255
if not step:
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
n = step // 2
for i in range(256):
lut.append(n // step)
n = n + h[i + b]
return _lut(image, lut)
def expand(
image: Image.Image,
border: int | tuple[int, ...] = 0,
fill: str | int | tuple[int, ...] = 0,
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Add border to the image
:param image: The image to expand.
:param border: Border width, in pixels.
:param fill: Pixel fill value (a color value). Default is 0 (black).
:return: An image.
"""
left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
width = left + image.size[0] + right
height = top + image.size[1] + bottom
color = _color(fill, image.mode)
if image.palette:
palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette(palette=image.getpalette())
if isinstance(color, tuple) and (len(color) == 3 or len(color) == 4):
color = palette.getcolor(color)
else:
palette = None
out = Image.new(image.mode, (width, height), color)
if palette:
out.putpalette(palette.palette)
out.paste(image, (left, top))
return out
def fit(
image: Image.Image,
size: tuple[int, int],
method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC,
bleed: float = 0.0,
centering: tuple[float, float] = (0.5, 0.5),
) -> Image.Image:
"""
Returns a resized and cropped version of the image, cropped to the
requested aspect ratio and size.
This function was contributed by Kevin Cazabon.
:param image: The image to resize and crop.
:param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
(width, height) tuple.
:param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
See :ref:`concept-filters`.
:param bleed: Remove a border around the outside of the image from all
four edges. The value is a decimal percentage (use 0.01 for
one percent). The default value is 0 (no border).
Cannot be greater than or equal to 0.5.
:param centering: Control the cropping position. Use (0.5, 0.5) for
center cropping (e.g. if cropping the width, take 50% off
of the left side, and therefore 50% off the right side).
(0.0, 0.0) will crop from the top left corner (i.e. if
cropping the width, take all of the crop off of the right
side, and if cropping the height, take all of it off the
bottom). (1.0, 0.0) will crop from the bottom left
corner, etc. (i.e. if cropping the width, take all of the
crop off the left side, and if cropping the height take
none from the top, and therefore all off the bottom).
:return: An image.
"""
# by Kevin Cazabon, Feb 17/2000
# kevin@cazabon.com
# https://www.cazabon.com
centering_x, centering_y = centering
if not 0.0 <= centering_x <= 1.0:
centering_x = 0.5
if not 0.0 <= centering_y <= 1.0:
centering_y = 0.5
if not 0.0 <= bleed < 0.5:
bleed = 0.0
# calculate the area to use for resizing and cropping, subtracting
# the 'bleed' around the edges
# number of pixels to trim off on Top and Bottom, Left and Right
bleed_pixels = (bleed * image.size[0], bleed * image.size[1])
live_size = (
image.size[0] - bleed_pixels[0] * 2,
image.size[1] - bleed_pixels[1] * 2,
)
# calculate the aspect ratio of the live_size
live_size_ratio = live_size[0] / live_size[1]
# calculate the aspect ratio of the output image
output_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
# figure out if the sides or top/bottom will be cropped off
if live_size_ratio == output_ratio:
# live_size is already the needed ratio
crop_width = live_size[0]
crop_height = live_size[1]
elif live_size_ratio >= output_ratio:
# live_size is wider than what's needed, crop the sides
crop_width = output_ratio * live_size[1]
crop_height = live_size[1]
else:
# live_size is taller than what's needed, crop the top and bottom
crop_width = live_size[0]
crop_height = live_size[0] / output_ratio
# make the crop
crop_left = bleed_pixels[0] + (live_size[0] - crop_width) * centering_x
crop_top = bleed_pixels[1] + (live_size[1] - crop_height) * centering_y
crop = (crop_left, crop_top, crop_left + crop_width, crop_top + crop_height)
# resize the image and return it
return image.resize(size, method, box=crop)
def flip(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Flip the image vertically (top to bottom).
:param image: The image to flip.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)
def grayscale(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Convert the image to grayscale.
:param image: The image to convert.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.convert("L")
def invert(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Invert (negate) the image.
:param image: The image to invert.
:return: An image.
"""
lut = list(range(255, -1, -1))
return image.point(lut) if image.mode == "1" else _lut(image, lut)
def mirror(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
"""
Flip image horizontally (left to right).
:param image: The image to mirror.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
def posterize(image: Image.Image, bits: int) -> Image.Image:
"""
Reduce the number of bits for each color channel.
:param image: The image to posterize.
:param bits: The number of bits to keep for each channel (1-8).
:return: An image.
"""
mask = ~(2 ** (8 - bits) - 1)
lut = [i & mask for i in range(256)]
return _lut(image, lut)
def solarize(image: Image.Image, threshold: int = 128) -> Image.Image:
"""
Invert all pixel values above a threshold.
:param image: The image to solarize.
:param threshold: All pixels above this grayscale level are inverted.
:return: An image.
"""
lut = []
for i in range(256):
if i < threshold:
lut.append(i)
else:
lut.append(255 - i)
return _lut(image, lut)
def exif_transpose(image: Image.Image, *, in_place: bool = False) -> Image.Image | None:
"""
If an image has an EXIF Orientation tag, other than 1, transpose the image
accordingly, and remove the orientation data.
:param image: The image to transpose.
:param in_place: Boolean. Keyword-only argument.
If ``True``, the original image is modified in-place, and ``None`` is returned.
If ``False`` (default), a new :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` object is returned
with the transposition applied. If there is no transposition, a copy of the
image will be returned.
"""
image.load()
image_exif = image.getexif()
orientation = image_exif.get(ExifTags.Base.Orientation, 1)
method = {
2: Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT,
3: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_180,
4: Image.Transpose.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM,
5: Image.Transpose.TRANSPOSE,
6: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_270,
7: Image.Transpose.TRANSVERSE,
8: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_90,
}.get(orientation)
if method is not None:
transposed_image = image.transpose(method)
if in_place:
image.im = transposed_image.im
image.pyaccess = None
image._size = transposed_image._size
exif_image = image if in_place else transposed_image
exif = exif_image.getexif()
if ExifTags.Base.Orientation in exif:
del exif[ExifTags.Base.Orientation]
if "exif" in exif_image.info:
exif_image.info["exif"] = exif.tobytes()
elif "Raw profile type exif" in exif_image.info:
exif_image.info["Raw profile type exif"] = exif.tobytes().hex()
for key in ("XML:com.adobe.xmp", "xmp"):
if key in exif_image.info:
for pattern in (
r'tiff:Orientation="([0-9])"',
r"<tiff:Orientation>([0-9])</tiff:Orientation>",
):
value = exif_image.info[key]
exif_image.info[key] = (
re.sub(pattern, "", value)
if isinstance(value, str)
else re.sub(pattern.encode(), b"", value)
)
if not in_place:
return transposed_image
elif not in_place:
return image.copy()
return None

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# image palette object
#
# History:
# 1996-03-11 fl Rewritten.
# 1997-01-03 fl Up and running.
# 1997-08-23 fl Added load hack
# 2001-04-16 fl Fixed randint shadow bug in random()
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import array
from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Sequence
from . import GimpGradientFile, GimpPaletteFile, ImageColor, PaletteFile
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from . import Image
class ImagePalette:
"""
Color palette for palette mapped images
:param mode: The mode to use for the palette. See:
:ref:`concept-modes`. Defaults to "RGB"
:param palette: An optional palette. If given, it must be a bytearray,
an array or a list of ints between 0-255. The list must consist of
all channels for one color followed by the next color (e.g. RGBRGBRGB).
Defaults to an empty palette.
"""
def __init__(
self,
mode: str = "RGB",
palette: Sequence[int] | bytes | bytearray | None = None,
) -> None:
self.mode = mode
self.rawmode: str | None = None # if set, palette contains raw data
self.palette = palette or bytearray()
self.dirty: int | None = None
@property
def palette(self) -> Sequence[int] | bytes | bytearray:
return self._palette
@palette.setter
def palette(self, palette: Sequence[int] | bytes | bytearray) -> None:
self._colors: dict[tuple[int, ...], int] | None = None
self._palette = palette
@property
def colors(self) -> dict[tuple[int, ...], int]:
if self._colors is None:
mode_len = len(self.mode)
self._colors = {}
for i in range(0, len(self.palette), mode_len):
color = tuple(self.palette[i : i + mode_len])
if color in self._colors:
continue
self._colors[color] = i // mode_len
return self._colors
@colors.setter
def colors(self, colors: dict[tuple[int, ...], int]) -> None:
self._colors = colors
def copy(self) -> ImagePalette:
new = ImagePalette()
new.mode = self.mode
new.rawmode = self.rawmode
if self.palette is not None:
new.palette = self.palette[:]
new.dirty = self.dirty
return new
def getdata(self) -> tuple[str, Sequence[int] | bytes | bytearray]:
"""
Get palette contents in format suitable for the low-level
``im.putpalette`` primitive.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
return self.rawmode, self.palette
return self.mode, self.tobytes()
def tobytes(self) -> bytes:
"""Convert palette to bytes.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
msg = "palette contains raw palette data"
raise ValueError(msg)
if isinstance(self.palette, bytes):
return self.palette
arr = array.array("B", self.palette)
return arr.tobytes()
# Declare tostring as an alias for tobytes
tostring = tobytes
def _new_color_index(
self, image: Image.Image | None = None, e: Exception | None = None
) -> int:
if not isinstance(self.palette, bytearray):
self._palette = bytearray(self.palette)
index = len(self.palette) // 3
special_colors: tuple[int | tuple[int, ...] | None, ...] = ()
if image:
special_colors = (
image.info.get("background"),
image.info.get("transparency"),
)
while index in special_colors:
index += 1
if index >= 256:
if image:
# Search for an unused index
for i, count in reversed(list(enumerate(image.histogram()))):
if count == 0 and i not in special_colors:
index = i
break
if index >= 256:
msg = "cannot allocate more than 256 colors"
raise ValueError(msg) from e
return index
def getcolor(
self,
color: tuple[int, ...],
image: Image.Image | None = None,
) -> int:
"""Given an rgb tuple, allocate palette entry.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
msg = "palette contains raw palette data"
raise ValueError(msg)
if isinstance(color, tuple):
if self.mode == "RGB":
if len(color) == 4:
if color[3] != 255:
msg = "cannot add non-opaque RGBA color to RGB palette"
raise ValueError(msg)
color = color[:3]
elif self.mode == "RGBA":
if len(color) == 3:
color += (255,)
try:
return self.colors[color]
except KeyError as e:
# allocate new color slot
index = self._new_color_index(image, e)
assert isinstance(self._palette, bytearray)
self.colors[color] = index
if index * 3 < len(self.palette):
self._palette = (
self._palette[: index * 3]
+ bytes(color)
+ self._palette[index * 3 + 3 :]
)
else:
self._palette += bytes(color)
self.dirty = 1
return index
else:
msg = f"unknown color specifier: {repr(color)}" # type: ignore[unreachable]
raise ValueError(msg)
def save(self, fp: str | IO[str]) -> None:
"""Save palette to text file.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
msg = "palette contains raw palette data"
raise ValueError(msg)
if isinstance(fp, str):
fp = open(fp, "w")
fp.write("# Palette\n")
fp.write(f"# Mode: {self.mode}\n")
for i in range(256):
fp.write(f"{i}")
for j in range(i * len(self.mode), (i + 1) * len(self.mode)):
try:
fp.write(f" {self.palette[j]}")
except IndexError:
fp.write(" 0")
fp.write("\n")
fp.close()
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Internal
def raw(rawmode, data: Sequence[int] | bytes | bytearray) -> ImagePalette:
palette = ImagePalette()
palette.rawmode = rawmode
palette.palette = data
palette.dirty = 1
return palette
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Factories
def make_linear_lut(black: int, white: float) -> list[int]:
if black == 0:
return [int(white * i // 255) for i in range(256)]
msg = "unavailable when black is non-zero"
raise NotImplementedError(msg) # FIXME
def make_gamma_lut(exp: float) -> list[int]:
return [int(((i / 255.0) ** exp) * 255.0 + 0.5) for i in range(256)]
def negative(mode: str = "RGB") -> ImagePalette:
palette = list(range(256 * len(mode)))
palette.reverse()
return ImagePalette(mode, [i // len(mode) for i in palette])
def random(mode: str = "RGB") -> ImagePalette:
from random import randint
palette = [randint(0, 255) for _ in range(256 * len(mode))]
return ImagePalette(mode, palette)
def sepia(white: str = "#fff0c0") -> ImagePalette:
bands = [make_linear_lut(0, band) for band in ImageColor.getrgb(white)]
return ImagePalette("RGB", [bands[i % 3][i // 3] for i in range(256 * 3)])
def wedge(mode: str = "RGB") -> ImagePalette:
palette = list(range(256 * len(mode)))
return ImagePalette(mode, [i // len(mode) for i in palette])
def load(filename: str) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
# FIXME: supports GIMP gradients only
with open(filename, "rb") as fp:
paletteHandlers: list[
type[
GimpPaletteFile.GimpPaletteFile
| GimpGradientFile.GimpGradientFile
| PaletteFile.PaletteFile
]
] = [
GimpPaletteFile.GimpPaletteFile,
GimpGradientFile.GimpGradientFile,
PaletteFile.PaletteFile,
]
for paletteHandler in paletteHandlers:
try:
fp.seek(0)
lut = paletteHandler(fp).getpalette()
if lut:
break
except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
pass
else:
msg = "cannot load palette"
raise OSError(msg)
return lut # data, rawmode

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# path interface
#
# History:
# 1996-11-04 fl Created
# 2002-04-14 fl Added documentation stub class
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
from . import Image
Path = Image.core.path

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a simple Qt image interface.
#
# history:
# 2006-06-03 fl: created
# 2006-06-04 fl: inherit from QImage instead of wrapping it
# 2006-06-05 fl: removed toimage helper; move string support to ImageQt
# 2013-11-13 fl: add support for Qt5 (aurelien.ballier@cyclonit.com)
#
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from io import BytesIO
from typing import Callable
from . import Image
from ._util import is_path
qt_version: str | None
qt_versions = [
["6", "PyQt6"],
["side6", "PySide6"],
]
# If a version has already been imported, attempt it first
qt_versions.sort(key=lambda version: version[1] in sys.modules, reverse=True)
for version, qt_module in qt_versions:
try:
QBuffer: type
QIODevice: type
QImage: type
QPixmap: type
qRgba: Callable[[int, int, int, int], int]
if qt_module == "PyQt6":
from PyQt6.QtCore import QBuffer, QIODevice
from PyQt6.QtGui import QImage, QPixmap, qRgba
elif qt_module == "PySide6":
from PySide6.QtCore import QBuffer, QIODevice
from PySide6.QtGui import QImage, QPixmap, qRgba
except (ImportError, RuntimeError):
continue
qt_is_installed = True
qt_version = version
break
else:
qt_is_installed = False
qt_version = None
def rgb(r, g, b, a=255):
"""(Internal) Turns an RGB color into a Qt compatible color integer."""
# use qRgb to pack the colors, and then turn the resulting long
# into a negative integer with the same bitpattern.
return qRgba(r, g, b, a) & 0xFFFFFFFF
def fromqimage(im):
"""
:param im: QImage or PIL ImageQt object
"""
buffer = QBuffer()
if qt_version == "6":
try:
qt_openmode = QIODevice.OpenModeFlag
except AttributeError:
qt_openmode = QIODevice.OpenMode
else:
qt_openmode = QIODevice
buffer.open(qt_openmode.ReadWrite)
# preserve alpha channel with png
# otherwise ppm is more friendly with Image.open
if im.hasAlphaChannel():
im.save(buffer, "png")
else:
im.save(buffer, "ppm")
b = BytesIO()
b.write(buffer.data())
buffer.close()
b.seek(0)
return Image.open(b)
def fromqpixmap(im):
return fromqimage(im)
def align8to32(bytes, width, mode):
"""
converts each scanline of data from 8 bit to 32 bit aligned
"""
bits_per_pixel = {"1": 1, "L": 8, "P": 8, "I;16": 16}[mode]
# calculate bytes per line and the extra padding if needed
bits_per_line = bits_per_pixel * width
full_bytes_per_line, remaining_bits_per_line = divmod(bits_per_line, 8)
bytes_per_line = full_bytes_per_line + (1 if remaining_bits_per_line else 0)
extra_padding = -bytes_per_line % 4
# already 32 bit aligned by luck
if not extra_padding:
return bytes
new_data = [
bytes[i * bytes_per_line : (i + 1) * bytes_per_line] + b"\x00" * extra_padding
for i in range(len(bytes) // bytes_per_line)
]
return b"".join(new_data)
def _toqclass_helper(im):
data = None
colortable = None
exclusive_fp = False
# handle filename, if given instead of image name
if hasattr(im, "toUtf8"):
# FIXME - is this really the best way to do this?
im = str(im.toUtf8(), "utf-8")
if is_path(im):
im = Image.open(im)
exclusive_fp = True
qt_format = QImage.Format if qt_version == "6" else QImage
if im.mode == "1":
format = qt_format.Format_Mono
elif im.mode == "L":
format = qt_format.Format_Indexed8
colortable = [rgb(i, i, i) for i in range(256)]
elif im.mode == "P":
format = qt_format.Format_Indexed8
palette = im.getpalette()
colortable = [rgb(*palette[i : i + 3]) for i in range(0, len(palette), 3)]
elif im.mode == "RGB":
# Populate the 4th channel with 255
im = im.convert("RGBA")
data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
format = qt_format.Format_RGB32
elif im.mode == "RGBA":
data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
format = qt_format.Format_ARGB32
elif im.mode == "I;16":
im = im.point(lambda i: i * 256)
format = qt_format.Format_Grayscale16
else:
if exclusive_fp:
im.close()
msg = f"unsupported image mode {repr(im.mode)}"
raise ValueError(msg)
size = im.size
__data = data or align8to32(im.tobytes(), size[0], im.mode)
if exclusive_fp:
im.close()
return {"data": __data, "size": size, "format": format, "colortable": colortable}
if qt_is_installed:
class ImageQt(QImage):
def __init__(self, im):
"""
An PIL image wrapper for Qt. This is a subclass of PyQt's QImage
class.
:param im: A PIL Image object, or a file name (given either as
Python string or a PyQt string object).
"""
im_data = _toqclass_helper(im)
# must keep a reference, or Qt will crash!
# All QImage constructors that take data operate on an existing
# buffer, so this buffer has to hang on for the life of the image.
# Fixes https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/1370
self.__data = im_data["data"]
super().__init__(
self.__data,
im_data["size"][0],
im_data["size"][1],
im_data["format"],
)
if im_data["colortable"]:
self.setColorTable(im_data["colortable"])
def toqimage(im) -> ImageQt:
return ImageQt(im)
def toqpixmap(im):
qimage = toqimage(im)
return QPixmap.fromImage(qimage)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# sequence support classes
#
# history:
# 1997-02-20 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import Callable
from . import Image
class Iterator:
"""
This class implements an iterator object that can be used to loop
over an image sequence.
You can use the ``[]`` operator to access elements by index. This operator
will raise an :py:exc:`IndexError` if you try to access a nonexistent
frame.
:param im: An image object.
"""
def __init__(self, im: Image.Image):
if not hasattr(im, "seek"):
msg = "im must have seek method"
raise AttributeError(msg)
self.im = im
self.position = getattr(self.im, "_min_frame", 0)
def __getitem__(self, ix: int) -> Image.Image:
try:
self.im.seek(ix)
return self.im
except EOFError as e:
msg = "end of sequence"
raise IndexError(msg) from e
def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
return self
def __next__(self) -> Image.Image:
try:
self.im.seek(self.position)
self.position += 1
return self.im
except EOFError as e:
msg = "end of sequence"
raise StopIteration(msg) from e
def all_frames(
im: Image.Image | list[Image.Image],
func: Callable[[Image.Image], Image.Image] | None = None,
) -> list[Image.Image]:
"""
Applies a given function to all frames in an image or a list of images.
The frames are returned as a list of separate images.
:param im: An image, or a list of images.
:param func: The function to apply to all of the image frames.
:returns: A list of images.
"""
if not isinstance(im, list):
im = [im]
ims = []
for imSequence in im:
current = imSequence.tell()
ims += [im_frame.copy() for im_frame in Iterator(imSequence)]
imSequence.seek(current)
return [func(im) for im in ims] if func else ims

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# im.show() drivers
#
# History:
# 2008-04-06 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 2008.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import abc
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
from shlex import quote
from typing import Any
from . import Image
_viewers = []
def register(viewer, order: int = 1) -> None:
"""
The :py:func:`register` function is used to register additional viewers::
from PIL import ImageShow
ImageShow.register(MyViewer()) # MyViewer will be used as a last resort
ImageShow.register(MySecondViewer(), 0) # MySecondViewer will be prioritised
ImageShow.register(ImageShow.XVViewer(), 0) # XVViewer will be prioritised
:param viewer: The viewer to be registered.
:param order:
Zero or a negative integer to prepend this viewer to the list,
a positive integer to append it.
"""
try:
if issubclass(viewer, Viewer):
viewer = viewer()
except TypeError:
pass # raised if viewer wasn't a class
if order > 0:
_viewers.append(viewer)
else:
_viewers.insert(0, viewer)
def show(image: Image.Image, title: str | None = None, **options: Any) -> bool:
r"""
Display a given image.
:param image: An image object.
:param title: Optional title. Not all viewers can display the title.
:param \**options: Additional viewer options.
:returns: ``True`` if a suitable viewer was found, ``False`` otherwise.
"""
for viewer in _viewers:
if viewer.show(image, title=title, **options):
return True
return False
class Viewer:
"""Base class for viewers."""
# main api
def show(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
The main function for displaying an image.
Converts the given image to the target format and displays it.
"""
if not (
image.mode in ("1", "RGBA")
or (self.format == "PNG" and image.mode in ("I;16", "LA"))
):
base = Image.getmodebase(image.mode)
if image.mode != base:
image = image.convert(base)
return self.show_image(image, **options)
# hook methods
format: str | None = None
"""The format to convert the image into."""
options: dict[str, Any] = {}
"""Additional options used to convert the image."""
def get_format(self, image: Image.Image) -> str | None:
"""Return format name, or ``None`` to save as PGM/PPM."""
return self.format
def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
"""
Returns the command used to display the file.
Not implemented in the base class.
"""
msg = "unavailable in base viewer"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
def save_image(self, image: Image.Image) -> str:
"""Save to temporary file and return filename."""
return image._dump(format=self.get_format(image), **self.options)
def show_image(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
"""Display the given image."""
return self.show_file(self.save_image(image), **options)
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
os.system(self.get_command(path, **options)) # nosec
return 1
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
class WindowsViewer(Viewer):
"""The default viewer on Windows is the default system application for PNG files."""
format = "PNG"
options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
return (
f'start "Pillow" /WAIT "{file}" '
"&& ping -n 4 127.0.0.1 >NUL "
f'&& del /f "{file}"'
)
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
subprocess.Popen(
self.get_command(path, **options),
shell=True,
creationflags=getattr(subprocess, "CREATE_NO_WINDOW"),
) # nosec
return 1
if sys.platform == "win32":
register(WindowsViewer)
class MacViewer(Viewer):
"""The default viewer on macOS using ``Preview.app``."""
format = "PNG"
options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
# on darwin open returns immediately resulting in the temp
# file removal while app is opening
command = "open -a Preview.app"
command = f"({command} {quote(file)}; sleep 20; rm -f {quote(file)})&"
return command
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
subprocess.call(["open", "-a", "Preview.app", path])
executable = sys.executable or shutil.which("python3")
if executable:
subprocess.Popen(
[
executable,
"-c",
"import os, sys, time; time.sleep(20); os.remove(sys.argv[1])",
path,
]
)
return 1
if sys.platform == "darwin":
register(MacViewer)
class UnixViewer(Viewer):
format = "PNG"
options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
@abc.abstractmethod
def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
pass
def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
command = self.get_command_ex(file, **options)[0]
return f"{command} {quote(file)}"
class XDGViewer(UnixViewer):
"""
The freedesktop.org ``xdg-open`` command.
"""
def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
command = executable = "xdg-open"
return command, executable
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", path])
return 1
class DisplayViewer(UnixViewer):
"""
The ImageMagick ``display`` command.
This viewer supports the ``title`` parameter.
"""
def get_command_ex(
self, file: str, title: str | None = None, **options: Any
) -> tuple[str, str]:
command = executable = "display"
if title:
command += f" -title {quote(title)}"
return command, executable
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
args = ["display"]
title = options.get("title")
if title:
args += ["-title", title]
args.append(path)
subprocess.Popen(args)
return 1
class GmDisplayViewer(UnixViewer):
"""The GraphicsMagick ``gm display`` command."""
def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
executable = "gm"
command = "gm display"
return command, executable
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
subprocess.Popen(["gm", "display", path])
return 1
class EogViewer(UnixViewer):
"""The GNOME Image Viewer ``eog`` command."""
def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
executable = "eog"
command = "eog -n"
return command, executable
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
subprocess.Popen(["eog", "-n", path])
return 1
class XVViewer(UnixViewer):
"""
The X Viewer ``xv`` command.
This viewer supports the ``title`` parameter.
"""
def get_command_ex(
self, file: str, title: str | None = None, **options: Any
) -> tuple[str, str]:
# note: xv is pretty outdated. most modern systems have
# imagemagick's display command instead.
command = executable = "xv"
if title:
command += f" -name {quote(title)}"
return command, executable
def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
"""
Display given file.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise FileNotFoundError
args = ["xv"]
title = options.get("title")
if title:
args += ["-name", title]
args.append(path)
subprocess.Popen(args)
return 1
if sys.platform not in ("win32", "darwin"): # unixoids
if shutil.which("xdg-open"):
register(XDGViewer)
if shutil.which("display"):
register(DisplayViewer)
if shutil.which("gm"):
register(GmDisplayViewer)
if shutil.which("eog"):
register(EogViewer)
if shutil.which("xv"):
register(XVViewer)
class IPythonViewer(Viewer):
"""The viewer for IPython frontends."""
def show_image(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
ipython_display(image)
return 1
try:
from IPython.display import display as ipython_display
except ImportError:
pass
else:
register(IPythonViewer)
if __name__ == "__main__":
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("Syntax: python3 ImageShow.py imagefile [title]")
sys.exit()
with Image.open(sys.argv[1]) as im:
print(show(im, *sys.argv[2:]))

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@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# global image statistics
#
# History:
# 1996-04-05 fl Created
# 1997-05-21 fl Added mask; added rms, var, stddev attributes
# 1997-08-05 fl Added median
# 1998-07-05 hk Fixed integer overflow error
#
# Notes:
# This class shows how to implement delayed evaluation of attributes.
# To get a certain value, simply access the corresponding attribute.
# The __getattr__ dispatcher takes care of the rest.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import math
from functools import cached_property
from . import Image
class Stat:
def __init__(
self, image_or_list: Image.Image | list[int], mask: Image.Image | None = None
) -> None:
"""
Calculate statistics for the given image. If a mask is included,
only the regions covered by that mask are included in the
statistics. You can also pass in a previously calculated histogram.
:param image: A PIL image, or a precalculated histogram.
.. note::
For a PIL image, calculations rely on the
:py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.histogram` method. The pixel counts are
grouped into 256 bins, even if the image has more than 8 bits per
channel. So ``I`` and ``F`` mode images have a maximum ``mean``,
``median`` and ``rms`` of 255, and cannot have an ``extrema`` maximum
of more than 255.
:param mask: An optional mask.
"""
if isinstance(image_or_list, Image.Image):
self.h = image_or_list.histogram(mask)
elif isinstance(image_or_list, list):
self.h = image_or_list
else:
msg = "first argument must be image or list" # type: ignore[unreachable]
raise TypeError(msg)
self.bands = list(range(len(self.h) // 256))
@cached_property
def extrema(self) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
"""
Min/max values for each band in the image.
.. note::
This relies on the :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.histogram` method, and
simply returns the low and high bins used. This is correct for
images with 8 bits per channel, but fails for other modes such as
``I`` or ``F``. Instead, use :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.getextrema` to
return per-band extrema for the image. This is more correct and
efficient because, for non-8-bit modes, the histogram method uses
:py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.getextrema` to determine the bins used.
"""
def minmax(histogram: list[int]) -> tuple[int, int]:
res_min, res_max = 255, 0
for i in range(256):
if histogram[i]:
res_min = i
break
for i in range(255, -1, -1):
if histogram[i]:
res_max = i
break
return res_min, res_max
return [minmax(self.h[i:]) for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256)]
@cached_property
def count(self) -> list[int]:
"""Total number of pixels for each band in the image."""
return [sum(self.h[i : i + 256]) for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256)]
@cached_property
def sum(self) -> list[float]:
"""Sum of all pixels for each band in the image."""
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
layer_sum = 0.0
for j in range(256):
layer_sum += j * self.h[i + j]
v.append(layer_sum)
return v
@cached_property
def sum2(self) -> list[float]:
"""Squared sum of all pixels for each band in the image."""
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
sum2 = 0.0
for j in range(256):
sum2 += (j**2) * float(self.h[i + j])
v.append(sum2)
return v
@cached_property
def mean(self) -> list[float]:
"""Average (arithmetic mean) pixel level for each band in the image."""
return [self.sum[i] / self.count[i] for i in self.bands]
@cached_property
def median(self) -> list[int]:
"""Median pixel level for each band in the image."""
v = []
for i in self.bands:
s = 0
half = self.count[i] // 2
b = i * 256
for j in range(256):
s = s + self.h[b + j]
if s > half:
break
v.append(j)
return v
@cached_property
def rms(self) -> list[float]:
"""RMS (root-mean-square) for each band in the image."""
return [math.sqrt(self.sum2[i] / self.count[i]) for i in self.bands]
@cached_property
def var(self) -> list[float]:
"""Variance for each band in the image."""
return [
(self.sum2[i] - (self.sum[i] ** 2.0) / self.count[i]) / self.count[i]
for i in self.bands
]
@cached_property
def stddev(self) -> list[float]:
"""Standard deviation for each band in the image."""
return [math.sqrt(self.var[i]) for i in self.bands]
Global = Stat # compatibility

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@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a Tk display interface
#
# History:
# 96-04-08 fl Created
# 96-09-06 fl Added getimage method
# 96-11-01 fl Rewritten, removed image attribute and crop method
# 97-05-09 fl Use PyImagingPaste method instead of image type
# 97-05-12 fl Minor tweaks to match the IFUNC95 interface
# 97-05-17 fl Support the "pilbitmap" booster patch
# 97-06-05 fl Added file= and data= argument to image constructors
# 98-03-09 fl Added width and height methods to Image classes
# 98-07-02 fl Use default mode for "P" images without palette attribute
# 98-07-02 fl Explicitly destroy Tkinter image objects
# 99-07-24 fl Support multiple Tk interpreters (from Greg Couch)
# 99-07-26 fl Automatically hook into Tkinter (if possible)
# 99-08-15 fl Hook uses _imagingtk instead of _imaging
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-1999 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import tkinter
from io import BytesIO
from . import Image
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check for Tkinter interface hooks
_pilbitmap_ok = None
def _pilbitmap_check() -> int:
global _pilbitmap_ok
if _pilbitmap_ok is None:
try:
im = Image.new("1", (1, 1))
tkinter.BitmapImage(data=f"PIL:{im.im.id}")
_pilbitmap_ok = 1
except tkinter.TclError:
_pilbitmap_ok = 0
return _pilbitmap_ok
def _get_image_from_kw(kw):
source = None
if "file" in kw:
source = kw.pop("file")
elif "data" in kw:
source = BytesIO(kw.pop("data"))
if source:
return Image.open(source)
def _pyimagingtkcall(command, photo, id):
tk = photo.tk
try:
tk.call(command, photo, id)
except tkinter.TclError:
# activate Tkinter hook
# may raise an error if it cannot attach to Tkinter
from . import _imagingtk
_imagingtk.tkinit(tk.interpaddr())
tk.call(command, photo, id)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PhotoImage
class PhotoImage:
"""
A Tkinter-compatible photo image. This can be used
everywhere Tkinter expects an image object. If the image is an RGBA
image, pixels having alpha 0 are treated as transparent.
The constructor takes either a PIL image, or a mode and a size.
Alternatively, you can use the ``file`` or ``data`` options to initialize
the photo image object.
:param image: Either a PIL image, or a mode string. If a mode string is
used, a size must also be given.
:param size: If the first argument is a mode string, this defines the size
of the image.
:keyword file: A filename to load the image from (using
``Image.open(file)``).
:keyword data: An 8-bit string containing image data (as loaded from an
image file).
"""
def __init__(self, image=None, size=None, **kw):
# Tk compatibility: file or data
if image is None:
image = _get_image_from_kw(kw)
if hasattr(image, "mode") and hasattr(image, "size"):
# got an image instead of a mode
mode = image.mode
if mode == "P":
# palette mapped data
image.apply_transparency()
image.load()
try:
mode = image.palette.mode
except AttributeError:
mode = "RGB" # default
size = image.size
kw["width"], kw["height"] = size
else:
mode = image
image = None
if mode not in ["1", "L", "RGB", "RGBA"]:
mode = Image.getmodebase(mode)
self.__mode = mode
self.__size = size
self.__photo = tkinter.PhotoImage(**kw)
self.tk = self.__photo.tk
if image:
self.paste(image)
def __del__(self) -> None:
name = self.__photo.name
self.__photo.name = None
try:
self.__photo.tk.call("image", "delete", name)
except Exception:
pass # ignore internal errors
def __str__(self) -> str:
"""
Get the Tkinter photo image identifier. This method is automatically
called by Tkinter whenever a PhotoImage object is passed to a Tkinter
method.
:return: A Tkinter photo image identifier (a string).
"""
return str(self.__photo)
def width(self) -> int:
"""
Get the width of the image.
:return: The width, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[0]
def height(self) -> int:
"""
Get the height of the image.
:return: The height, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[1]
def paste(self, im: Image.Image) -> None:
"""
Paste a PIL image into the photo image. Note that this can
be very slow if the photo image is displayed.
:param im: A PIL image. The size must match the target region. If the
mode does not match, the image is converted to the mode of
the bitmap image.
"""
# convert to blittable
im.load()
image = im.im
if image.isblock() and im.mode == self.__mode:
block = image
else:
block = image.new_block(self.__mode, im.size)
image.convert2(block, image) # convert directly between buffers
_pyimagingtkcall("PyImagingPhoto", self.__photo, block.id)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# BitmapImage
class BitmapImage:
"""
A Tkinter-compatible bitmap image. This can be used everywhere Tkinter
expects an image object.
The given image must have mode "1". Pixels having value 0 are treated as
transparent. Options, if any, are passed on to Tkinter. The most commonly
used option is ``foreground``, which is used to specify the color for the
non-transparent parts. See the Tkinter documentation for information on
how to specify colours.
:param image: A PIL image.
"""
def __init__(self, image=None, **kw):
# Tk compatibility: file or data
if image is None:
image = _get_image_from_kw(kw)
self.__mode = image.mode
self.__size = image.size
if _pilbitmap_check():
# fast way (requires the pilbitmap booster patch)
image.load()
kw["data"] = f"PIL:{image.im.id}"
self.__im = image # must keep a reference
else:
# slow but safe way
kw["data"] = image.tobitmap()
self.__photo = tkinter.BitmapImage(**kw)
def __del__(self) -> None:
name = self.__photo.name
self.__photo.name = None
try:
self.__photo.tk.call("image", "delete", name)
except Exception:
pass # ignore internal errors
def width(self) -> int:
"""
Get the width of the image.
:return: The width, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[0]
def height(self) -> int:
"""
Get the height of the image.
:return: The height, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[1]
def __str__(self) -> str:
"""
Get the Tkinter bitmap image identifier. This method is automatically
called by Tkinter whenever a BitmapImage object is passed to a Tkinter
method.
:return: A Tkinter bitmap image identifier (a string).
"""
return str(self.__photo)
def getimage(photo: PhotoImage) -> Image.Image:
"""Copies the contents of a PhotoImage to a PIL image memory."""
im = Image.new("RGBA", (photo.width(), photo.height()))
block = im.im
_pyimagingtkcall("PyImagingPhotoGet", photo, block.id)
return im
def _show(image, title):
"""Helper for the Image.show method."""
class UI(tkinter.Label):
def __init__(self, master, im):
if im.mode == "1":
self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
else:
self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
super().__init__(master, image=self.image, bg="black", bd=0)
if not tkinter._default_root:
msg = "tkinter not initialized"
raise OSError(msg)
top = tkinter.Toplevel()
if title:
top.title(title)
UI(top, image).pack()

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